初中英语时态总结(较简单)

`````````````````1、一般现在时：用法:1)现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如：Igetupatsixeverymorning.Heplaystennisonceaweek.2)现在的状态。例如：Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.3）客观真理。例如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often，usually，sometimes，always，everyday，never，inthemorning等连用时。构成：主语是I,we,you,they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he,she,it和名词单数时，动词第三人称单数的变法如下：一般情况＋s以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾＋es以辅音＋y结尾变y为i＋es主语为第三人称和名词单数时：肯定式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数否定式:S+don't/doesn't+V+其他疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does(否)No,S+do/doesnot注意：have的第三人称单数为has主语肯定式否定式疑问式Iamastudent.Iamnotastudent.Areyouastudent.第一、二人We/You/TheyareWe/You/TheyarenotAreyou/theystudents?称和第三人students.students.Ishe/sheastudent?称复数以及He/Sheisastudent.He/Sheisnotastudent.名词复数I/We/You/They/don’Dtolikyeou/theylikemusic?I/We/You/They/likemusic.Domanypeoplelikemusic.Manypeopledon’tlikemusic?Manypeoplelikemusic.music.当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：肯定式:S+be+···否定式:S+be+not+···疑问式:Am/Is/Are+S+··?·简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+be.(否)No,S+be.练习题：1.---MayIhelpyou,sir?---Yes,IboughttheTVthedaybeforeyesterday,butit______.A.didn’tworkB.doesn’tworkC.won’wtorkD.can’twork2．______thebusuntilit______..A.Getoff,stopsB.Getoff,willstopC.Don’tgetoff,stopsD.Don’tgetoff,willstop3．The70-year-oldman______exercisesinthemorning.A.takesB.aretakingC.tookD.willtake2.现在进行时用法：1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：Sheishavingabathnow.2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如：`````````````````1`````````````````Youareworkinghardtoday.KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.3）频度副词always,forever等词连用时，表示某种强烈的感情。如：Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.(表示欣赏，表扬)4）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词）。如：Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o’clock..5)常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now,look,listen等。构成：be+v-ingv-ing现在分词的构成：一般情况cook-cooking以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ingmake-making,taste-tasting以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.run-running,stop-stopping,2)肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句：S+be+V-ing否定句：S+be+not+V-ing一般疑问句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing？特殊疑问：wh_+be+S+V-ing?e.g.主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称Iamdriving.Iamnotdriving.Areyoudriving?和第三人称He/She/Itisworking.He/She/Itisnotworking.Ishe/she/itworking?复数以及名We/You/TheyaredoingWe/You/TheyarenotAreyou/theydoing词复数something.doinganything.something?练习题：1．Idon’tthinkthatit’strue.She’s___A_._te_lllies.B.tellsC.tellingD.told3.How______you______withthenewjob?A.do,doB.do,getalongC.are,doingD.are,gettingon3．---Arethesesocksyours?---No.Mine______outsideontheclothesline.A.arehangingB.havehungC.hangD.hung3．一般将来时用法：1．将要发生的动作。例如：IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.2．将要存在的状态。例如：ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?3．打算要做的事。例如：Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?3)常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrownextweekin2008等。构成：1.助动词will(shall)+v2.be+goingto+v练习题：1.I______forHongKongonSaturday.Willyougotoseemeoffattheairpor？tA.amleavingB.amleftC.amgoingtoleavingD.left2.I______toseegrandmaandhelpherwithsomehouseworkeveryweek.A.cameB.amgoingcomeC.comeD.willcome2`````````````````4.WeChinese______theOlympicGamesin2008.A.heldB.shallholdingC.areholdingD.aregoingtohold4．一般过去时用法：1．过去发生的动作。例如：Thepolicestoppedmeonmywayhomelastnight.2．过去存在的状态。例如：Theyweren'tabletocomebecausetheyweresobusy.2.常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，threemonthsago，lastyear，in1979，等。构成：S+V-ed用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母＋y结尾去y变i＋ed重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主语肯定式否定式疑问式Iwasastudent.Iwasnotastudent.Wereyouastudent.We/You/TheywereWe/You/TheywereWereyou/theystudents?第一、二人称和第三students.notstudents.Washe/sheastudent?人称复数以及名词He/ShewasaHe/Shewasnota复数student.student.Didyou/theylikemusic?I/We/You/They/Didmanypeoplelikemusic?I/We/You/They/didn’tlikemusic.likedmusic.Manypeopledidn’tManypeoplelikedlikemusic.music.练习题：1．Mr.Mottisout.Buthe______hereafewminutesago.A.wasB.isC.willbeD.wouldbe2．---Hi,Tom.---Hello,Fancy.I______youwerehere.A.don’tknowB.won’tthinkC.thinkD.didn’tknow3．HepromisedtotellmebyhimselfwhenI______.A.comeB.wouldcomeC.comeD.hadcome5、过去进行时概念：1)过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如：ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil.Whatwereyoudoingat10o'clocklastnight?2)常用于过去进行时的时间状语：atfouryesterdayafternoon，then，atthattime/moment等。构成：was/were+v-ing1）Daddypromisedmehe_____meacomputerA.wasboughtB.hadboughtCboughtD.wouldbuy2）Theysaidthey______dosomesportsifitwasfine.3`````````````````A.weregoingtoB.wentC.wouldgoingD.weregoing6、现在完成时概念：1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already,just,ever,never,before等词连用.如:Shehasneverreadthisnovel.2)表示“过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去.常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如:IhavebeenamemberofthePartyfor10years.IhavebeenamemberofthePartysince10yearsago.注：在有for和since引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如：Hehasdiedfor3years.(F)Hehasbeendeadfor3years.(T)注：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in1998,lastmorning等②have/hasbeento表示“去过”（去了又回来了）have/hasgoneto表示“去过”（去了没回来了）如：Wherehasshegone?句(中所指的人不在)Wherehasshebeen?句(中作指的人在)构成：have/has+v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：肯定句：S+have（has）+V-ed否定句：S+have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’-et)d+V一般疑问句：Have(Has)+S+V-ed+？特殊疑问句：wh_+have(has)+S+V-ed+？主语肯定式否定式疑问式I/We/You/TheyhaveI/We/You/TheyhavenH’avteyou/theybeenhere第一、二人称beenherebefore.beenherebefore.before?和第三人称He/ShehasbeenhereHe/Shehasn