第7周四六级写作

谋篇布局（3）-将提示的第一句和第二句合为第一段，于段尾提出自己的观点；-说明自己的理由；-结论段总结全文例子标题：HowtoAchieveSuccess提纲：1）有人说成功主要靠运气；2）有人则认为成功主要靠勤奋，与运气毫无关系;3）我的观点Somepeoplesaythekeytosuccessistheluck,whileothersclaimitishardwork.AsfarasIamconcerned,therearemanyfactorscontributingtosuccessandthethreefundamentalonesarediligence,devotionandperseverance.Diligenceisthefirstkeyfactortosuccess.Diligencehelpsusremoveignorance,overcomedifficulties,andenlightenourminds.Itmakesafoolwise,andapoormanrich.Devotionisanotherfactortosuccess.Whateverwedo,wemustloveitanddoitwhole-heartedly.Onlywhenwesetourmindsonthejob,canwedoitwell.Furthermore,perseverance,orastrongwill,isthelastkeytosuccess.Withoutastrongwill,wearelikelytogiveupwhenwemeetsomedifficulties,letaloneperformwonderfuldeeds.Toconclude,allgreatmenachievesuccessthroughdiligence,devotionandperseverance.Justasthefamoussayinggoes,Nopains,nogains,Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.1.2利弊子类模板利弊子类模板一Nowadays,.…isplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople’sdailylife.However,people’sopinionsarestilldividedonthispoint.Thosewhoareinfavorof…claimthatithasalotofadvantages.Firstly,.…Secondly,.…Lastbutnotleast,….Thosewhoareopposedto…holdthatdisadvantagesaremany.Inthefirstplace,.…Inthesecondplace,.…Finally,….Allinall,wecansafelycometotheconclusionthattheprosoutweighthecons.Thepasttwentyyearswitnessedthefastdevelopmentof…alongwith….Abrighterfutureisawaitingusifwemakegooduseof….经典范文AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheInternet有些人认为因特网利大于弊有些人认为因特网弊大于利我的看法经典范文Nowadays,theInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople’sdailylife.However,people’sopinionsarestilldividedonthispoint.ThosewhoareinfavoroftheInternetclaimthatithasalotofadvantages.Firstlyinformationsearchingisnolongeratoughjobwiththehelpofallkindsofsearchengines.Secondly,wecancontactfriendsorbusinesspartnersviae-mailsorsoftwaresuchasInternetMeetingandYahooMessenger.Lastbutnotleast,wecantakepartingroupsormailinglisttotalkwithfriendofthesameinterest.ThosewhoareopposedtotheInternetholdthatdisadvantagesaremany.Inthefirstplace,theInternetcostsconsiderabletime,moneyandenergyespeciallyforthosewithlessself-control.Inthesecondplace,surfingontheInternetforalongtimeharmstheeyesalot.Finally,moreandmoreyoungpeopleareindulgedinonlinegames,Internetchatandevenpornography,whichareextremelyharmfultotheirfuturedevelopment.Allinall,wecansafelycometotheconclusionthattheprosoutweighthecons.ThepasttwentyyearswitnessedthefastdevelopmentoftheInternetalongwithnationaleconomy.AbrighterfutureisawaitingusifwemakegooduseoftheInternet.支持句在写好主题句、明确段落中心思想之后，重要的就是如何选择一系列的扩展句来阐明主题，并紧紧围绕着主题来扩展段落。支持句或扩展句是段落主题句的延伸和扩展。对主题句中的中心思想进行说明、描述或者论证。一个段落的扩展句可以是一句话，也可以是意思连贯的好几个句子。要写多或写少主要依主题句的要求而定。一般来说，扩展句是表达全体实例或者列举一系列详细事实或细节的句子。扩展段落的方法很多，且不同的段落主题有着不同的扩展方法，例如：举例法、因果法、定义法、分类法等。写扩展句时应注意：1．表达要清楚，举例要恰当。扩展句要能清楚阐述主题思想，要有较强的说服力，绝不能为了凑够字数把与主题无关的词句写入段落之中。2．条理要分明，层次要清楚。一段好的文章，往往都有较充实的内容，应该写什么?从哪几个方面写?先写什么，后写什么?都应合理安排。例如：Jeffersonwasanexpertinmanyfields．(主题句)Forinstance，hewasfondofmakingnewdevices，suchasamachineforcopyingimportantpapers-aninstrumentthatindicatestheweatherbothindoorsandoutdoors，arotatingdesk．(扩展句1)Hewasalsoanexpertinagriculture．(扩展句2)Hepracticedcroprotation，soilconservationandinventedaplowsuperiortoanyotherinexistence．(扩展句3)Hewasanexpertinarcheology，too．(扩展句4)HeinfluencedarchitecturethroughoutAmerica．(扩展句5)主题句“杰斐逊在许多领域都是专家”，扩展句1讲述他不断制造出各种器械装置，扩展句2、3讲述他精通农业、考古学和建筑这四个方面来扩展段落。又如：LearningEnglishwellrequirespainstakingefforts．(主题句)Atthebeginning，youmayfindthattodayyouhavememorizedsomewordsandexpressions．buttomorrowtheyareallgone．(扩展句1)Inwriting，youmayhaveagreatdealtosay,butyoudon’tknowhowtostart．(扩展句2)Inreading，youmayknoweveryword，butwhenitcomestolistening，youmayfeelquiteconfused．(扩展句3)AllthisshowsthattomasterEnglish，wehavetopracticereading，listening，speakingandwriting．(结论句)在此段落中，主题句“学好英语需艰苦的努力”。扩展句列举了几方面的原因，扩展句1“单词难记”，扩展句2“写作无从下手”，扩展句3“听力是道难关”。结论句“要精通英语，就必须多听，多说和多写”。在前几单元中，我们谈到写段落的第一个步骤是写主题句。作者要对主题句在某些方面加以限制。第二个步骤将是写拓展句。例如你要陈述你选择某院校的理由，第一步，写出主题句：TherearetwomainreasonswhyIhavedecidedtoattendBingstonUniversitynextyear．第二步，以数个理由推展你的主题：示范段落①TherearetwomainreasonswhyIhavedecidedtoattendBingstonUniversitynextyear．②Firstofall，thereisthequestionofmoney：Bingstonv'stuitionisreasonableandIdon’tevenhavetopayitallatonce．③Thisisveryimportant，sincemyfatherisnotarichman．④WithBingston's“deferredpaymentplan，”myfatherwillbeabletopaymytuitionwithouttoomuchdifficulty．⑤ThesecondresaonisthefineeducationwhichIfeedwillreceivethereinagriculture，mychosenfield．⑥Itisawell-knownfactthatBingstonhiresonlythefinestprofessorsinitsAgricultureDepartment．⑦Moreover，theuniversityreqiresallagriculturalstudentstogetpracticalexperiencebyworkingonfarmsintheareawhiletheyarestillgoingtoschool．示范段落分析细节：twomainreasons：理由1—financialconsideration②a．reasonabletuition③b．deferredpaymentplan④理由2—qualityofeducation⑤a．fineteachers③b．practicalexperience⑦在两个主要理由之下，作者用更小的细节支持它们。由此可见，段落的推展依赖于支持主题句的细节（details）。推展段落的方法很多。通常每个段落以一种方法为“支配方法”（thedominantmethod），必要时，可运用其它一种或数种方法作为“辅助方法”（thesupportingmethod）。上面的示范段落使用因果法（cause-and-effect）作为支配方法，分类法（d