中小企业融资困境及对策研究 学习资料

i摘要近年来，我国中小企业发展迅速，并在增加就业、促进科技进步、社会分工、扩大出门以及维持社会经济稳定发展等方面，发挥着不可忽视的作用，业己成为国民经济发展的重要支柱。然而，中小企业在其发展过程中陷入了融资困境，融资难已成为制约中小企业发展壮大的重要因素，严重阻碍其长足发展。因此，分析中小企业面临的融资困境及其成因并探讨其解决方法便具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。本文首先介绍了论文的研究背景及意义，对国内外研究现状进行了回顾，并对相关概念进行了界定，其中包括中小企业的界定标准及企业融资的定义、方式和渠道。接着对中小企业融资困境进行了理论分析，论述了中小企业融资的国外现状，在此基础上分析了我国中小企业融资现状，发现其面临着多层面的融资困境，通过对融资困境的详细分析，得出我国中小企业融资困境主要由以下几个方面造成:一是中小企业自身障碍：二是现行的金融体制的障碍;三是资本市场的不完善;最后基于上述融资困境的原因分析，并结合一些案例提出了解决我国中小企业融资困境的有效对策。关键词:中小企业融资融资困境对策iiAbstractRecentlyyears,ourcountry’ssmallandmedium-sizedenterprise(SME)hasobtainedconsiderabledevelopment,smallandmedium-sizedenterprisehasplayedanoticeableroleinincreasingtheemployment,promotingthescienceandtechnologygettingahead,promotingthesocialdivisionoflabor,enlargingtheexports,maintainingthestabilityofeconomicdevelopmentandsoon,thesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisehasbecomeimportantpropofnationaleconomydevelopment.Butsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefallsintofinancingdifficultyintheirdevelopment,thefinancingdifficultyhasbecomemainfactortorestrainthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprise’sdevelopment,whichisstronglyaffectitgrowup.So,analyzingfinancingdifficultyandoriginthatsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesface,andprobingintotheeffectivewaytoalleviatingthefinancingpredicament,hasaveryimportanttheoreticandrealisticmeaning.Thearticlefirstintroducethebackgroundandpurposeofthisstudy,andreviewrelevantdomesticandforeignpresentresearch,anddefiniterelevantconcept,includingthedefinitionofenterprisefinancing,wayandchanneltoenterprisefinancing.Thenanalyzethedifficultyofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefinancingontheory,discussthesituationofforeignsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,thenanalyzethedifficultyofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefinancing,wecanfindsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseconfrontedwithmulti-arrangementfinancingdifficulty.Atthesametime,analyzethereasonthatfinancingdifficulty,wecanconcludethreesidesofreason:includingbarrierofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefinancing;ourcountry’spresentmonetarysystemandimperfectcapitalmarket.Atlast,onthebaseoftheanalyzeandstudyinthereasonofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises’financingdifficulty,thencombinewithcomecasetoputforwardeffectivecountermeasurestothesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesfinancingdifficulty.Keywords:smallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SME);financing;financingdifficulty;countermeasureiii目录摘要.......................................................................................................................................................................iAbstract................................................................................................................................................................ii第一章绪论..................................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景及意义..............................................................................................................................11.2国内外的研究现状...............................................................................................................................11.2.1国内外研究现状........................................................................................................................21.2.2国内研究现状............................................................................................................................31.3研究方法及相关概念的界定...............................................................................................................31.3.1研究方法....................................................................................................................................31.3.2中小企业界定标准....................................................................................................................41.3.3企业融资的定义........................................................................................................................41.3.4企业融资的方式与渠道............................................................................................................41.4论文的基本结构...................................................................................................................................5第二章中小企业融资困境的理论分析......................................................................................................72.1信息不对称理论...................................................................................................................................72.1.1信息不对称引起逆向选择和道德风险....................................................................................72.1.2信息不对称引起银行的“信贷配给”....................................................................................82.2中小企业资本缺口理论.......................................................................................................................8第三章中小企业融资的国际比较与借鉴........................................................................................................93.1英美模式.......................................................................................................................................