英语语法--一般现在时

牛津英语5a英语语法(三)一般现在时一.一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化：多数在动词后加splay—playslike—likes,以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加esgo—goeswash--washes,以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加esfly—fliesstudy--studies二.一般现在时动词be和have的变化形式1.动词Be叫连系动词,连系动词be的用法：除了第一人称单数用am，和第三人称单数用is以外，其它人称用are。Iambusy.Youarebusy.He(She)isbusy.We(You,They)arebusy.2.动词have的用法：除了第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:Ihaveapen.Youhaveapen.She(He)hasapen.We(You,They)havepens.三.一般现在时的句型1.肯定句构成：主语+动词(注意人称变化)+其它成分Ihaveadog.Welikethelittlecat.Shesingswell.2.否定句构成：行为动词的否定句：主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成分Hedosen’thaveadog.Heisn’tyoung.Wedon’tlikethelittlecat.(借助于助动词do)Shedoesn’tsingwell.(借助于助动词does)3.一般疑问句：A.行为动词的一般疑问句：助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+其它成分Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido./No.Idon’t.Doeshe(she)likeit?Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn’t.B.动词BE的一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成分Areyouateacher?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Aretheystudentsofyourschool.Yestheyare/Notheyaren,t.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?WhatdoyouusuallydoonSunday?四．一般现在时的用法1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：everyyear,sometimes,at5o’clock,onSunday.Igetupatsixo’clockeveryday.Hegetsupatsixo’clockeveryday.Shesmokestoomuch.Itelephonetomyparentsonceaweek.2.表达客观真理，科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。Threeandfourmakesseven.Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShenyangliesinthenorthofChina.3.在格言或名言警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败。Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实用于雄辩。4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。Idon’twantmore,thanks.Heisagoodstudent.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.五.一般现在时其它用法一般现在时表将来1.含有go,come,return,arrive,leave,start,begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。Theschoolbusleavesateight.2.在时间或条件句中。WhenTomcomes,askhimhowtofixthetap.I’llhelpyouassoonasIarrivethere.3.在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等后。Ihopeshehasagoodtime.Beforeyouleavetheroom,pleasemakesurethatthedoorisclosed.4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till,once,assoonas,when,while,before,after,solongas,bythetime,if,incase,unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute)Eg.AssoonasIgetthere,Iwilldealwiththismatter.Whetherheishappyisanimportantthingtoher.5.倒装句，表示动作正在进行Herecomestheteacher!=Theteacheriscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.Herecomesthecar.=Thecariscoming.一般现在时表过去1.书上，报纸上的叙述。Thenewspapersaysthatthepresidentwillretirenextmonth.2.叙述往事，使其生动。Napoleon’sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.一般现在时表完成1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.Eg.Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoParis.Iforget(=haveforgotten)howtoreadtheword.2.句型Itis…since…=Ithasbeen…since…Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet.一般现在时表进行1.句型：Herecomes…；Theregoes…Eg:Look,herecomesMr.Brown.六.注意事项1.在英国，人们常用havegot代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do,does,don’t或者doesn’t.练习一.用词的适当形式填空。1.Whattime_________hisfather_________(do)thework?2.He_________(get)upatfiveo’clock.3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What________(do)heusually________(do)afterschool?5.Tom________(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Kittysometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she__________(watch)TVwithherparents.8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons________yourclassmates______(have)onMonday?10.Weoften___________(play)footballintheplayground.二．选择()1._____youhaveabook?A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have()2.They_________onafarm.A.workingB.isworkC.workD.isworked()3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?__________.A.Yes,helikeB.No,hedoesn’tC.Yes,he’dlikeD.No,helikes()4.Shedoesn’t__________herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do()5.How____________Mr.Brown___________toAmerica?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes()6.Where’smycamera?I____________it.A.amnotfindingB.amnotseeingC.can’tfindD.can’tlookat()7.How___________hegotowork?He___________toworkbybike.A.does;goB.do;goesC.do;goD.does;goes()8.______youusuallylateforschool?No,_____________.A.Do;IamB.Does;notC.Are;I’mnotD.Are;Iaren’t()9._____she_____homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left()10.Mr.Yang____________Englishthisterm.A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachsusD.teachour答案：一.1.does,do2.gets3.Do,brush4.does,do5.studies6.goes7.watches8.Does,read9.do,have10.play二.1---5ACBDC6---10CDCBB