新概念第一册第143-144课文讲解

Lesson143AwalkthroughthewoodsNewwordsandexpressions•1surround[sə'raund]v.包围•2wood[wud]n.树林•3beautyspot风景点•4hundred['hʌndrid]n.百•5city['siti]n.城市•6through[θru:]prep.穿过•7visitor['vizitə]n.参观者，游客，来访者•8tidy['taidi]a.整齐的•9litter['litə]n.杂乱的东西•10litterbasket废物筐•11place[pleis]v.放•12throw[θrəu]v.扔，抛•13rubbish['rʌbiʃ]n.垃圾•14count[kaunt]v.数，点•15cover['kʌvə]v.覆盖•16piece[pi:s]n.碎片•17tyre['taiə]n.轮胎•18rusty['rʌsti]a.生锈的•19among[ə'mʌŋ]prep.在…之间•20prosecute['prɔsikju:t]v.依法处置Theusageofthenewwords•1surround[sə'raund]v.包围•surroundingadj.周围的，附近的•eg：thesurroundingcountry近郊•surroundingsn.(复数)环境，周围的事物•2.wood[wud]n.树林•woodwoodsforest•①n.（复数）树林，森林（通常比forest小）•例：Shegotlostinthewoods.她在森林中迷路了。•②n.（不可数）木材，木料•例：Thishouseismadeofwood.这栋房子是木制的。•3beautyspot风景点•abeautyspot;(Am.)abeautymark美人痣•BeautyandtheBeast.•4hundred['hʌndrid]n.百•fourhundred•hundredsof数以百计的…，几百的…•thousand,million,billion•5through[θru:]prep.穿过•though/through;across/cross•6.visitor['vizitə]n.参观者，游客，来访者•visitv.浏览，参观•7.tidy['taidi]a.整齐的•untidy•8.place[pleis]v.放•placen.地方•takeplace发生，taketheplaceof代替•9.throw[θrəu]threw,thrownv.扔，抛•throwaway抛弃，丢弃，丢掉•throwat砸过去throwto丢过去•10.rubbish['rʌbiʃ]n.垃圾•garbage;trash;litter;•11.count[kaunt]v.数，点•countable,uncountable•12.cover['kʌvə]v.覆盖•discover,•appear,disappear•13.piece[pi:s]n.碎片•apieceof，•14.among[ə‘mʌŋ]prep.在…之间(三者，三者以上）•between（两者）之间Lesson143Awalkthroughthewoods•1．Iliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.•whichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods为定语从句修饰townwhich指代town•从句用的是被动语态，“被…所包围”。•2.Itisafamousbeautyspot.•befamous(known)as/for•3．OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.•简单句，toseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods为不定式短语充当目的状语，•fromthecity作定语修饰hundredsofpeople。•4．Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.•（1）被动语态的现在完成时•tokeepthewoodscleanandtidy为不定式短语充当ask的宾语补足语。•（2）keepthewoodscleanandtidy也是复合结构，充当宾语补足语的是形容词短语cleanandtidy。•拓展：keep在此处的用法：动词+宾语+补语。另外，可以用于该结构的供词一般还有make，get，keep，find，wash等，宾语补足语一般是形容词。•5.Litterbasketshavebeenplacedunderthetree……•被动语态的现在完成时•6．WhatIsawmademeverysad.•（1）句中的主语WhatIsaw是what引导的名词性从句。•（2）made这里的意思是：使存在；使发生。•（3）verysad.做宾语补足语。•5．Amongtherubbish,Ifoundasignwhichsaid,'Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!'•（1）如果是牌子上,报纸上说什么，就如课文中那样可以用say．•（2）“Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted！”是主从复合句，who引导的定语从句，修饰anyone。•anyonewho…任何…的人。例：anyonewhocomestothepartyiswelcome.该晚会来者不拒。•(3)willbeprosecuted:被动语态的一般将来时Keystructures•1.Ilivedinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.•2.OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.•3.Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.•4.WhatIsawmademeverysad.•5.Ifoundasignwhichsaid,‘anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted!’•被动语态（2）•上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式：•（1）现在完成时形式：has/have+been+过去分词：•Thebaskethasalreadybeenemptied.篮子已经被腾空了。•Theyhavealreadybeeninvited.他们已被邀请。•（2）一般将来时形式：will/shall+be+过去分词：•Thefloorwillbesweptsoon.地不久就会扫的。•Thekniveswillbesharpenedsoon.刀不久就会磨的。Writtenexercises•B模仿例句回答一下问题•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?•Someonehasopenedit.Ithasalreadybeenopened.•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?•Someonehasopenedthem.Theyhavealreadybeenopened.•C.模仿例句回答一下问题•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?•Ithasn’tbeenopenedyet.Itwillbeopenedtomorrow.•Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?•Theyhaven’tbeenopenedyet.Theywillbeopenedtomorrow.