2014年高考英语一轮复习语法专题课件40：不定式

学习重点：1.不定式的形式;时态和语态2.用法3.考点观察划线部分的特点•Iaskedtheboytoanswermyquestion.•Tom’sattendingthemeetingmadeeveryonethereveryhappy.•Tolearnmathsisnoteasy./Itisnoteasytolearnmaths.•Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksverybeautiful.•Thegirlsittingunderthetreeismysister.非谓语动词动名词分词不定式现在分词过去分词doingdoingdonetodo构成：to+动词原形不定式的时态和语态（do)主动被动现在原形进行式无完成原形进行式无语态时态todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing否定式：在不定式前加not不定式表将来表目的表某一次具体的动作1.我有很重要的事情要告诉你。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.2.那个男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。Theboylikestoplaycomputergames.3.为了通过考试，我更加努力学习。Topasstheexam,Iworkevenharder.不定式的用法1.学英语对于我们来说不是很难。ItisnotdifficultforustolearnEnglish./TolearnEnglishisnotdifficultforus.2.小男孩很想学英语。TheboywantedtolearnEnglish.3.他的爱好是打篮球。Hishobbyistoplaybasketball.4.我没有东西吃。Ihavenothingtoeat.5.为了赢得比赛，他刻苦练习。Towinthegame,heworkshard.6.我很高兴见到你。Iamverygladtoseeyou.7.爸爸叫他进来。Fatheraskedhimtocomein.宾语主语宾语补足语状语定语表语不定式7135’642一、不定式作主语Eg.吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体)Tosmokesomuchisnotgoodforyou./It‘snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.不定式作主语表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。常用It作形式主语(注意句型：Itis+adj.+for/ofsbtodosth.)Eg.你真好，帮助我学习英语。ItisverygoodofyoutohelpwithmyEnglish.二、不定式作宾语1.爸爸答应给我买一辆单车。Myfatherpromisedtobuyabikeforme.2.天啊！我忘了关灯了。Oh,MyGod!Iforgottoturnoffthelight.注意：下列动词或动词短语后接不定式：agree,seem,appear,offer,happen,wish,hope,pay,expect,long,plan,intend,promise,pretend,decide,afford,manage,choose,besaidto,wouldliketo等。三、不定式作宾语补足语1.医生建议他每天锻炼身体。Thedoctoradvisedhimtotakeexercise.2.他的父母期望他上大学。Hisparentsexpectedhimtogotouniversity.•注意：用不定式作宾语补足语主要看动词•1.以下动词接不定式作宾语补足语：•advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,expect,force,get,encourage,hate,invite,order,oblige,wish,want,warn,remind,promise,permit,persuade,request…•2.以下动词接动词原形作宾补：•make,let,have,see,watch(等感官动词接动词原形作宾语补足语表示动作全过程）•Eg;老师看着学生过马路•Theteacherwatchedthestudentscrosstheroad.四、不定式作定语1.最后一个来到达的人要付账。Thelastonetocomepaysbill.2.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.注意：（1）不定式作定语的位置：（2）所表示的时间：五、作表语1.我今天必须做的事情是打扫房间。WhatImustdotodayistocleantheroom.2.他的任务是送信。Histaskistosendletters.注意：不定式表示一次性的；具体的动作六、动词不定式作状语1.表示目的（1）我在存钱买电脑。I’llsavinguptobuyacomputer（2）我要把他的电话号码记下来，以防忘记I‘llwritedownhistelephonenumber（soas）nottoforgetit.2.表示结果他的视力太差了，看不清这么小的字。Hiseyesightistoopoortoreadsuchsmallletters.3.表示原因(一般放在形容词后面）我很高兴遇到你Iamverygladtomeetyou.(高考链接）1.(09.广州一摸）Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_____________(explain)whathehadlearnt.2.Myadvisorencouragedme___________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(2004.Beijing)3.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen___________________(hear),butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.(2004.Liaoning).4.Thefluisbelieved_______________(cause)byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.(2004.shanghai)5.Heseems___________________（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.(09.高考模拟）6.__________(save)thebadlysicklady,thedoctorhadanoperationonher.7.Hewastoofrightened_____(say)anything.8.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom__________(clean).toexplaintotaketohaveheardtobecausedtohavebeenpunishedTosavetosaytobecleanedExercise:1.Heissaid___________(allow)toreturntohiscountrybecauseanewpresidentcomesintopower.2.Hespokeinsuchahighvoice_______________atthefurtherendoftheroom.3.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends________ausingpracticalknowledgeoftheEnglishA.toplaywelllanguage.4.Toplayfairisasimportantas_________well.5.Weagreed________(meet)herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.6.Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers________(ride)abicycle.7.Theboywanttoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_________(do).8.I’lldowhateverIcan_________myEnglish.9.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot____________(worry)about.10.Youshouldn’tallowstudents__________(play)gamesneartheclassroom,forit’stoonoisy.tobeallowed(as)tobeheardtogettoplaytoimprovetomeettoridenottodotoworryabouttoplay11.Ihadmeant_________(call)onyou,butIwassobusy.12.Toknowwhatisgoodand________(do)whatisrightaretwodifferentthings.13.Youmusthavetakenalotoftrouble________(find)thismaterialsforus.14.Hewasafraid_______(go)forwardsbecausehewasafraidoffallingdown.15.Ihate_____________(hear)theircomplaintsallday.Oneofthesedays,IwilltellthemwhatIreallythink.16.Thewaytheytalked________(settle)theproblemseemedimpossible.17.Heletmerepeathisinstructions_________(make)surethatIunderstoodwhatwas__________(do)afterhewentaway.18.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____________(learn).Healwaysworkshard.19.Mycousinhaspassedtheentranceexamination.MyfamilysenthimanE-mail_______________(congratulate)himonhissuccess.tocalltodotofindtogotohaveheardtosettletomaketobedonetolearntocongratulate