经典的爆破片课程

1WhatisaRuptureDisk?•Adesignedweakpointinapressuresystem.•Definition:Anon-reclosingpressurereliefdevicedesignedtoactivateataspecifiedpressure.(NaturalWeakPoint)2爆破片的选择范围•尺寸size–额定直径从1/8”to72”/3mm到1800mm•额定爆破压力burstpressure–10mBarto9300Bar•温度temperature–-273deg.Cto600deg.C3材料Material•标准Standard)–Aluminium–Nickel–316SS–NickelAlloy400–NickelAlloy600–AlloyC-276•特殊(special)–Titanium–Tantalum–Gold–Silver–Platinum–Others爆破片材料最高适用温度4GB567标准•设计爆破压力(designburstpressure)设计爆破片时由需方提出的对应于设计爆破温度下的爆破压力值•制造范围(manufacturingDesignRange)厂家和用户之间商定并认可的压力制造范围，最终标定的爆破压力必须在此范围内，同时兼顾经济性和实用性。•标定爆破压力(MarkedburstPressure)同一批次爆破片在一定温度下进行爆破试验所得实际爆破压力的算术平均值，并最终标记在铭牌上的爆破压力值•爆破允差(BurstTolerance)•爆破片实际的试验爆破压力相对于标定爆破压力的最大允许偏差其值可以是用正负号表示的绝对数值或百分数•当商定制造范围为零时此允差即表示对设计爆破压力的最大偏差且此允差范围亦为允许爆破范围56制造设计范围•A“range”ofpressuresagreeduponbetweenuserandmanufacturergoverningthepressurerangewithinwhichthemarkedburstpressuremustfall.•厂家和用户之间商定并认可的压力制造范围，最终标定的爆破压力必须在此范围内。•A“pre-manufacturingagreement”betweentheuserandthemanufacturerwhichdefinestheuser’sacceptablerangeofpressureswithinwhichthedisksmustberated(marked).在生产前用户和厂家达成一致，共同定义的双方均可接受的压力范围，爆破片必须在此压力范围内爆破。（标定的爆破压力）•Offeredtosatisfytheneedof“economics”and“availability”.制造设计范围同时兼顾经济性和实用性。爆破允差78最大操作比(MOP)•Maximumpressuretowhichadiskmaybeexposedduringnormaloperatingconditions（正常工作状态下爆破片能够承受的最大压力）–Variesfrom50%to95%ofmarkedburstpressuredependingontypeofdisk•Higheroperatingpressuremovesor“re-forms”diskmaterialwhichresultsinfatigueandprematureactivation.最小泄放面积和爆破片尺寸计算910DiskTag爆破片标牌ASMErequirestagthatshows:–Manufacturer–Type–Lotnumber–DiskMaterial–Size–Markedburstpressure–Specifieddisktemperature–MinimumNetFlowArea–CertifiedflowresistanceKR–UDSymbol(HandStamped)•NBrecognitionASME标准要求标牌标识以下信息–生产厂家–型号–出厂编号–爆破片材料–尺寸–标定爆破压力–额定爆破温度–最小泄放面积–经过认证的流体阻力系数Kr值–UD标识•NB标识11LastVariable:DirectionalOrientation爆破片动作方向ForwardActingORReverseBuckling•RuptureDisksareinstalledinserviceinoneoftwodirections正拱型OR反拱型12有何不同What’sthedifference?•弹性负荷爆破片相对压力负荷爆破片有许多局限Generally,tensionloadeddiskshavemanyperformancelimitationscomparedtoreversebucklingdisks•Theselimitationsinclude•Limitedcyclelife有限的使用寿命•Limitedoperatingmargin有限的操作余量•Limitedresistancetovacuumorbackpressurewithoutsupport有限耐受真空或背压•Lessfavorablesealingcharacteristics有限的密封性能•Productbuilduponprocesssideofdisk介质淤积•MDRlimitations制造范围限制13双向爆破DualActingDisks–Somedisksaredesignedtorelieveineitherdirectionortheymaybetensionloadedorreversebucklingdependingonwhichdirectiontheyareinstalled.–ThesedisksincludetheAV,VacSafandHi-Loseries,EcoSafseries,andFSM–Thesediskshaveallthelimitationsofforwardactingdisksbutmaynothaveanyoftheadvantagesofreversebucklingdisks.14In1966,BS&BintroducedReverseBuckling(Compression-Loaded)Technology1966年，BS&B发明反拱型爆破片（压载型）技术15ReverseBucklingAllows:反拱爆破片•Flatseatingsurfaces•Non-fragmentingdesign•Extendedcycle/servicelife•Novacuumsupportrequired(typical)•Smoothsideofdisktoprocess•UpTo95%MaximumOperatingPressure•平面底座•无碎片设计•大大延长使用寿命•无需真空托架•爆破片接触介质面为光滑面，无物料积累问题•做大操作压力可达到设计爆破压力的95%16TypeS-90•CrossScored•90%maximumoperatingpressure•Allfeatures&benefitsoftheRB-90areretainedwhileeliminatingtheknifebladeopeningmechanism.•十字刻槽•操作比达90%•保留了RB-90的所有特性和优点，消除了刀片的局限17•Recommendedforgasserviceonly•Inliquidservice(purehydraulic)–Slowpressurerisecouldallowthediskto“rollthrough”andnotopen.–Mayhaveonlya“cracked”scoreline.–Wouldthenbreakinforwardactingmannerwithreducedopeningthatisinproportiontoflowdemand.S-90•建议在气相中使用•如果在纯液相中使用–缓慢的压力上升使爆破片慢慢开启并泄露，无法全开–可能在刻槽出产生一点裂缝–可正向爆破，开口很小，与流量成正比18JRSDiskJRS型爆破片（1977年专利）(Patented1977)•Permitslowerpressuresinreversebucklingdisksthaneverbefore•相比之前的反拱爆破片可以达到更低的爆破压力19Type“JRS”(“JAWS”)•Whenreversalpressureisreached,thedisk“snapsthrough”•Metaliscutopenbythe“toothring”•Petalisheldcaptivebyspecialdesignoftheretainerbar•当系统压力达到爆破压力，爆破片快速反转•金属片被齿形环割裂并开启•开启的“花瓣”被特殊设计的挡板条截留，不会产生碎片20•Recommendedforgasserviceonly•Damageratio–Shouldadamageddiskbeinstalled…–Thediskwillreverseandopenatamaximumof1.5timesitsratedpressure(DamageSafetyRatio)JRS•推荐仅用于气体环境•损坏比–如果一个损坏的爆破片被安装–爆破片将在不超过标定压力1.5被的压力下爆破(安全损坏比）21•TheFIRSTreversebucklingdiskdesignedforliquidservice(fullhydraulic)applications•第一个设计在全液体工况中使用的爆破片RLSDisk(BS&BPatented1983)RLS型爆破片（BS&B1983年专利）22•Acircular-scoredreversebucklingrupturedisk•Designedspecificallyforuseeitherinliquidorgasservice•“Yolk”preventsfragmentation•环形刻槽的反拱爆破片•特殊设计既可用于液体也可用于气体环境•“Y”型衬板防止产生碎片23RLSFeaturesRLS特点•Liquidandgasservice•90%“MOP”•Withstandsfullvacuumwithoutsupport•Minimalfragmentation•Damageresistant•Damagesafetyratioof1.5orless•Thefirstfullopeningreversebucklingdiskforisolatingliquid-certifiedvalves•液体和气体应用•操作比达90%•无需真空支架可抗全真空环境•防止产生碎片•抗损坏•损坏安全比1.5•第一个可以隔离液体应用阀门的反拱爆破片24Sigma-EXLReverseBucklingDisk25ProofPressureTesting压力测试HighestMaximumOperatingPressure–95%ofMarkedBurstPressure–Validatedby100%proofpressuretestingofalldiskspriortoshipping最高的操作比–95%所有爆破片出厂前１００％验证测试26SigmaPerformanceSigma性能•Gas&LiquidService•LongCycleLife•VacuumResistant•95%ASMEMaximumOperatingPressure•SmoothSideofDisktoProcess•DamageSafetyRatio≤1!•ResistsBackpressureEqualtoBurstPres