粒子加速器的回顾与展望

211Vo1.21No.120013ChineseJournalofNuclearScienceandEngineeringMar.2001:2001202214:(1944),1968,,,,(,918,100039):20,:;;120,,,,,,,1021eV,,,,2030,(deBroglie)E:=hp=hcE(1),p,,h=411410-24GeVs,cE=1GeV,(1)110-13cm,,,1GeV1GeV1TeV,10-16cm,60,10,,1,,,,,=pcZeB(2),B,e,Z,(),,,931Fig.1Beamenergyincreaseofparticleaccelerators,,,,,,,,,,,ECM2E0E(3),E0:ECM=2E(4)1:Eeff=ECM2/2E0(5)20,2070J/,WZ0t,,,:N=L(6),,N,L,,(N1,N2)(x,y),(f):L=fN1N24xy(7)04,(),,,2,,,,RHIC,(250GeV)(100GeV/)[1]SSC,LHC[2]LHC27LEP,27TeV,11034cm-2s-1,2005,VLHC[3]4,,,2250GeV,(110)1033cm-2s-1,NLC,JLC,TESLACLIC[4],,,[5],200,,,2s,,,,3,,2,CEBAF,JHF,400MeV,3GeV50GeV,KCP,()(,,,),10[6]2,DENE[7],B,PEP2[8]KEKB[9],1998,21033cm-2s-1,,B,BCP,2(BEPC),2,2[10]4,GeV14,,,35,13,20[11]XX,,,,,,(FFL)20,FEL,,FEL,,[12],,,FELFELGeV,XX,FEL2090,X,,,,,,,1GeV,,[13],;;,,X,,,CT,,5SSC:,24,,,,,105109MV/m,,,,,1GeV/m,,,,,,,[14,15],,TEVATRONHERA,5T,TRIS2TAN,LEP,HERA,CEBAF,CESRKEKB,5MV/m,,,,21,,,,,1HarrisonM.TheCommissioningStatusofRHIC.Proc.PAC99,1999.6102EvansLR.LHCAceleratorPhysicsandTechnologyChal2lenge.Proc.PAC99,1999.21253DuganG.VeryLargeHadronColliderR&D.Proc.PAC99.1999.48524BrinkmannR.TechnologyandChallengesofLinearColliders.Mar1999.16205PalmerR.+-Colliders.HandbookofAcceleratorPhysicsandEngineering,A.Chao,M.Tigner,eds.,1998.33356,HIRFL120,20007ZobovMetal.StatusReportonDAFNEPerformance,Proc.EPAC2000,20008SEEMANJTetal.StatusReportofPEP2Performance.Proc.EPAC2000,20009FunakoshiYetal.KEKBPerformance.Proc.EPAC2000,2000101:120,200011,,11,200012XieJetal.UpgradeofBeijingIR2FELProjectNucl.Instr.AndMeth.,1998,A,407:146150131120,200014SesslerA,Westenskow.TwoBeamAccelertors.HandbookofAcceleratorPhysicsandEngineering,A.Chao,M.Tign2er,eds.,1998.444615SimpsonJ.WakefieldAccelertors.HandbookofAcceleratorPhysicsandEngineering,A.Chao,M.Tigner,eds.,1998.464834ReviewandProspectsofParticleAcceleratorsZHANGChuang(ManuscriptreceivedFebruary14,2001)Abstract:Withareviewonthetrailsoftheenergyenhancementandthetechniquedevelopmentofpar2ticleaccelerators,thepossibledevelopmentofacceleratorstowardsthehigherenergyfrontier,thehigherluminosityfrontier,thepracticalapplicationinthehumansocietyandtheinventionofexoticaccelerationmethodsandnewtechnologiesareprospected.Keywords:particleaccelerator;beamenergy;luminosity44