2012专升本：名词性从句 定语 状语从句

名词性从句,定语、状语从句一。英语简单句：只含有一个主谓结构•1.陈述句•AnOlympicMarathonis26milesand385yards,approximately_____fromMarathontoAthens.A)distanceB)isthedistanceC)thedistanceD)thedistanceis2.疑问句•1)一般疑问句和特殊疑问句例1：HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?•例2：Whatisthemostimportantthingintheworld?•2)反意疑问句•IfIdon’tmakeamistake,youusedtoliveinWuhan,______?A)doyouB)don'tyou•C)didyouD)didn'tyou二、英语中的并列句：•1.表示并列关系的并列句通常由and,,nor,neither…nor和notonly…butalso等连接。•例如：Turnonthetelevisionoropenmagazineandyou______advertisementsshowinghappy,balancedfamilies.A)areoftenseeingB)oftenseeC)willoftenseeD)haveoftenseen2.表示转折关系的并列句通常由but,however,while,evenso，still和yet等连接•例1：________Iadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tthinkthattheycannotbesolved.A)UnlessB)UntilC)AsD)While•例2：Johnseemsaniceperson,_______Idon'ttrusthim.A)eventhoughB)evenso•C)thereforeD)though•3.表示选择关系的并列句通常由or,otherwise,either…or等连接；表示因果关系或推论关系的并列句通常由for,therefore等连接。例如：Dresswarmly,___________you'llcatchcold.A)onthecontraryB)orrather•C)orD)innoway主从复合句•Ilovemoney.(简单句)•Iearnmoneyintheproperway.(简单句)•IlovemoneyandIearnitintheproperway.（复合句）•IlovemoneywhichIearnintheproperway.(主从复合句)•WhatIloveismoneywhichisearnedintheproperway.(主从复合句)名词性从句1.主语从句Thathewillcometothediscussioniscertain.Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen.Howhemanagedtoaccomplishthejobisofinteresttousall.Whenandwhereweshalldothetestisstillinquestion.Whysheleftmeisstillamysterytome.为了避免头重脚轻，It做形式主语1.It’snecessary/important/essential+that-clauseIt’snecessarythattheclassroom_____equippedwithair-conditionerinsummer.A.BeB.isC.wasD.areIt’sofimportancethateveryone_____hisownparttoprotectournature.A.DoesB.doC.didD.hasdone•It’sreported/believed/said/supposed+that-clause•It+be+N+that-clauseIt’safact/surprisethat4.It+VI+that-clauseItappears/happens/occurredtome/turnedout+that-clause•_____hewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.•_____thereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.A.WhatB.thatC.whetherD.if•———comestothefinishinglinefirstwillbethefirst-prizewinner.A.WhoeverB.thatC.whomeverD.whoThefirst-prizewinnerwillbegivento_____comestothefinishinglinefirst.•Insomecountries_____iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.（CET-4，1995/6）A)whichB)what•C)thatD)oneWhether和if的区别•主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。•whether常与ornot连用，不能用if代替。•作介词宾语要用whether不能用if。•从句是否定句时一般用if引导。•Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.•Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.•Idon’tknowif(whether)itisinteresting.•Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.2、表语从句：•Theproblemis(that)theycan’tgethereearlyenough.•Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.•That’sjustwhatIwant.•Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.•Thisiswhereourproblemlies.•Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.•Outputisnowsixtimes____itwasbefore1990.(CET-4,1995/1)A)thatB)whatC)thatwhichD)ofthat•ThelengthofYangzeriveristwice____ofYellowriver.•Waterwillcontinuetobe_______itistoday-------nextinimportancetooxygen.A.howB.which•C.asD.what3、宾语从句：1）做及物动词的宾语•Idon’tknowif(whether)itisinteresting.。•Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.（从句是否定句时一般用if引导。）•Ibelieve(that)heishonest.•Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.•Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.•BysuccessIdon’tmean_____usuallythoughtofwhenthatwordisused.(CET-4,1996/6)A)whatisB)thatweC)asyouD)allis•Thisbookwillshowthereaders____canbeusedinothercontexts.(CET—6,1996/1)A)howthattheyhaveobserved•B)thathowtheyhaveobservedC)howwhattheyhaveobserved•D)thattheyhaveobserved•Theteachertoldushowwhatwethinkcanberealized.•Thebookshowshowwhatisconsideredastruemaynotbetrue.•Thebosstellseveryonewhenwhatisdecidedshouldbedone.2）做介词宾语•Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.•Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.•Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.•I’llseeto____everythingisreadyontime.•A.itB.thatC.itthatD.what3)做形容词的宾语•I’mnotsurewhetheritwillrainornot.•Thebosswaspleasedthatthetaskhadbeenfinishedaheadoftheschedule.4、同位语从句：•同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact,news,idea,hope,thought,question,order,fear,doubt,word,proof，belief,story等。•Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.•Thenewsthathasspreadallovertheworldisthathehadlandedonthemoon.•Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.•Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.重点：同位语从句有时不是紧跟在名次的后面•Thethoughtcametohim______Maryhadprobablyfallenill.A.ThatB.whatC.whichD.it重点精炼1.Shewantedtoknow．•A．whetherIknewherandwheredidshework•B．ifIknewherandthefactorysheworkedthere•C．whertherIknewherandthefactorysheworked•D．ifIknewherandthefactorywheresheworked2.Asimpleexperimentshowsairhassomestrength．A．whatB．ThatC．whichD．Who3．Ican’tunderstandishewantstochangehismind．A．That,thatB．Which,whatC．What,whatD．What,why4．Itispossiblehemisunderstood______Isaid．A．that,thatB．what,whatC．what,thatD．that,what5．Thethoughthemightfailintheexamworriedhim．A．whichB．thatC．whenD．/6．Ihavewillbeyourssoonerorlater．A．NomatterwhatB．NomatterwhateverC．WhateverD．That7．Healwaysthinkshecandomoreforthepeople．A．ofhowB．howC．ofthatD．why8．Wethinkitimportantcollegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage．A．whichB．ThatC．WhatD．Whether9.Thetownisnolongeritwastenyearsago．A．whichB．thatC．whatD．when10．WordcameIwaswantedatt