3 Goods Move People Move Ideas Move and Cultures C

GoodsMovePeopleMoveIdeasMoveandCulturesChangeErlaZwingleErlaZwingle•formerNationalGeographiceditor•currentlyafreelancejournalistlivinginVenice,Italyglobalization•fromSilkRoadtoMarcoPolo•theadvancesintransportationandcommunicationsteamship,railroad,airlinesradio,television,telecommunications,Internet•theexchangeofgoodsandcurrencytheexchangeandinteractionoflanguage,religion,art,philosophy,technologyDiscussion•Isitbeneficialorharmfultothedevelopmentofcultures?(uniformityorindividualism)structureI.(1-3)II.(4-6)III.(7-9)IV.(10-19)V.(20-28)VI.(29-34)VII.(35)VIII.(36)IX.(37-39)X.(40)PartⅠ(abriefintroduction)Para1:Globalizationisnotsomethingnew.Para2:Itisnotachoice,butareality.Para3:Thebasicdynamicremainsthesamewiththedifferenceofspeedandscopeofchanges.Languagepoints•inthethroesofsomething:inthemiddleofanactivity,especiallyadifficultonee.g.Thiscountryisinthethroesofwar.Languagepointstectonic:adj.connectedwiththestructureoftheearth'ssurfacetectonicshift:结构性的变迁Languagepoints•It'saninexacttermforawildassortmentofchangesinpolitics,business,health,entertainment.Therearesomanydramaticchangesinpolitics,business,healthandentertainmentthatthisword(globalization)isnotenoughtoconveythephenomenon.verystrongacollectionofthingsLanguagepoints•Allold-establishednationalindustriesaredislodgedbynewindustrieswhoseproductsareconsumed,notonlyathome,butineveryquarteroftheglobe.Newindustrieshavetakenplaceofallthenationalindustrieswhichwerefoundedalongtimeago.Theproductsofthenewindustriesareboughtandusednotonlydomestically,butalsoeverywhereintheworld.toforcesomethingoutofitspositionLanguagepoints•…requiringfortheirsatisfactiontheproductsofdistantlandsandclimes.acountrywithaparticularclimateobjectadverbialphrasesofpurposeLanguagepoints•Theirstatementnowdescribesanordinaryfactoflife.Whattheysaid(150yearsago)isnowhappeningeveryday.Languagepoints•Humanshavebeenweavingcommercialandculturalconnectionssincebeforethefirstcamelcaravanventuredafield.•Longbeforegroupsoftravelerstookriskstotravelalongwayoncamelbacks,peoplearoundtheworldhavebeenmakingcommercialandculturalcontacts.agroupofpeoplewithvehiclesoranimalswhoaretravellingtogether,especiallyacrossthedesertfarawayfromhome;toplacesthatarenotnearThedevelopmentofglobalization1234camelcaravanfundamentalchangespostalservice,newspapers,railroads,steamshipstighterandmoreintricateknotstelegraph,telephone,radio,televisionacceleratedandcomplicatedconnectionsInternet,cellphones,cableTV,jettransportationLanguagepoints•dynamic[n.]aforcethatproduceschange,actionoreffectsPartⅡtheprosandcons•cons:(socialscientists,anthropologists,foreignpoliticians)–culturalcloning,flattenculturalcrease,McWorld•pros:(JamesWatson)–betterlivesforChinesevillagers,majorforcefordemocracy,modernhigh-techgadgets•xenophobia:astrongfeelingofdislikeorfearofpeoplefromforeigncountries-phobia:astrongunreasonablefearorhatredofaparticularthinge.g.claustrophobia,acrophobia,cynophobia,neophobia,bibliophobia,anthropophobia,didaskaleinophobiaLanguagepoints•theupperhand:anadvantageoversomebodywhichmeansbeingincontrolofaparticularsituatione.g.Ourteamgainedtheupperhandinthesecondhalfofthegame.Languagepoints•Popularfactionssprouttoexploitnationalistanxieties.•Somepeoplewhohavewonbroadsupporthaveemergedtomakeuseoftheworriesandconcernsofpeoplewhoareafraidoflosingtheirownnationalculture.asmallgroupofpeoplewithinalargeronewhosemembershavesomedifferentaimsandbeliefstothoseofthelargergrouptoproducenewleavesorbuds;tostarttogrowPartⅢ3discoveriesPara7:Westernizationisnotastraightroadtohell,ortoparadiseeither.(aneutralopinion)Para8:Culturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.Para9:Thecriticalmassofteenagersisoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.Languagepoints•beshotthroughwith:containingalot,befullofe.g.Hervoicewasshotthroughwithemotion.Father'sstoriesareshotthroughwithmoralexamplesandgoodhumor.Languagepoints•Westernization,Idiscoveredovermonthsofstudyandtravel,isaphenomenonshotthroughwithinconsistenciesandpopulatedbyverystrangebedfellows.•Aftermonthsofresearchandtravel,Ifoundthatwesternizationisanideawithalotofself-contradictionandheldbypeoplewhoareunlikelyallies.toliveinanareaandformitspopulationnotmatching,contradictiontwoormorepeoplethatarerelatedorworkingtogetherinanunexpectedwayLanguagepoints•…culturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.•Justlikepeoplewhoformcultures,culturesareabletofixthemselvesandrecoverquicklywhenthereareproblems.Andyoucannevertellwhatwillhappentoculturesbeforeithappens.goodatfindingwaysofdoingthingsandsolvingproblemsrecoveringquicklyculturalpoints•LosAngeles=theostensiblefountainheadofworldculturaldegradation•LosAngelesiscalledtheSinCity,wheretherearemanyactivitiesofcorruptionandcrimes.ItisalsowhereHollywoodislocated.Languagepoints•studentbody•teachingfacultyLanguagepoints•merge:tocombineormaketwoormorethingscombinetoformasinglethingSimilarwordsintheessay:mix,fusion,blend.Languagepoint•springsprangsprung:toappearorcomesomewheresuddenly,tosproute.g.Athousand