国际工程合同管理案例

说明：本部分的两个案例为天津大学管理学院工程管理专业“国际工程合同管理”专业课程而专门设计的，由本课程主讲人张水波教授根据自己在国外工程合同管理的实践经历所撰写，未经许可，请勿引用。ContractManagementforInternationalConstruction:CaseStudy国际工程合同管理案例张水波教授天津大学管理学院工程管理系1PREAMBLEBriefDescriptionoftheProjectThisprojectisentitledMubasinOilDevelopmentProjectandcomprisestwoseparatecontracts.ThefirstContractembodiesthewholePipelineSystemwiththeContractorbeingCHINAPIPELINEENGINEERING&CONSTRUCTIONCOMPANYLTD(hereinaftercalledCHINAPIPELINE).ThesecondistheSCADASystemandthePumpingFacilitieswiththeContractorbeingaBraziliancompany.TheProjectOwnerisGREATNATIONALPETROLEUMOPERATIONCOMPANY(hereinaftercalledGREATNATIONALortheOwner)andtheProjectConsultant,actingastheOwner’sRepresentativeisCOP,acompanywhichmanagesandsupervisestheconstructionoftheprojectonbehalfoftheOwner.ThewholePipelineSystemcomprisesapproximately1500kmofNPS28pipelinewithadesigncapacityof250,000bpdforthetransportationofsweetcrudeoilfromPumpingFacilityNo.1attheHegProductionFacilitytothePortMarineTerminal.Thepipelineisdividedintotwosegments.SegmentAstartsimmediatelydownstreamofPumpingFacilityNo.1andendsatapproximatelynorthofE1Geili——approximately800km.SegmentBstartsimmediatelydownstreamofPipelineSegmentAandendsupstreamofthePortMarineTerminal——approximately700km.TheSYSTEMmusthaveaminimumdesignlifeof25years.OutlineoftheContractDocumentsTheContractDocuments(brieflycalledCONTRACT)comprisefivevolumes.ThefirstvolumeistheFormofContractandConditionsofContractsubtitledas(i)FormofContract*(ii)ConditionsofContract(iii)LetterofAward(iv)MinutesofPre-AwardMeeting(*AformofContractissometimesrequiredtobeexecutedbythegoverninglawtomaketheContractcomeintoeffect,commonlyknownasa“ContractAgreement”,whichisasummaryofthecontractualcommitmentsbyeachpartytotheotherandofalltheContractdocuments.)2ThesecondvolumeistheMinutesandClarifications,subtitledas(i)MinutesofTechnicalClarificationMeetings(ii)TechnicalClarificationsTheseclarificationsareanimportantpartoftheContractas,frequently,theyhavegreatcostandscheduleimpactsontheproject.ThethirdvolumeistheInvitationtoBid(ITB)Documentwhichconsistsof3bookssubtitledasBOOKONE---(i)InvitationtoBid(deleted)(ii)InstructionstoBidders(deleted)(iii)BidForms(deleted)(iv)ContractSection1.0FormofContract(deleted)Section2.0ConditionsofContractSection3.0StandardFormsSection4.0ScopeofWorkSection5.0CompensationandTermsofPaymentSection6.0ProjectScheduleSection7.0ProcurementSection8.0Planning,SchedulingandContractStatusReportingSection9.0QualityManagementSection10Health,SafetyandEnvironmentSection11AdministrationofContractSection12TheOWNERSuppliedItems(v)ProjectInformationMemorandum(PIM)(vi)AddendaBOOKII---AppendixA---DrawingsBOOKIII---AppendixB---SpecificationsThefourthvolumeistheContractor’sTechnicalProposal.ThefifthvolumeistheContractor’sCommercialProposal.ThetypeofContractisEPCLumpsumFirmPrice*(Theterm“LumpSumFirmPrice”doesnotnecessarilymeanthattheContractPriceisabsolutelyfixed.Whetherthe“firm”priceischangeableornotdependsontheessenceoftheContract.AstothisContract,seeConditionsofContract2.22ChangeOrderandExtraWork.)TimeforCompletionis12months(Whatatightschedule!ItmustbequiteachallengetotheContractor.).Thefollowingare5casestudiesrespectivelyentitled3CaseOneWaterSupplytotheMeteringStationCaseTwoPipelineDamagedbyFloodsatHaiya.Inthesecasestudies,attentionisfocusedonthefirstContractor-----CHINAPIPELINE.4案例序言项目概况项目名称为Mubasin石油开发项目，由两个独立的合同组成。一标包括整个的输油管线系统，承包商为中国管道工程建设有限公司(以下称为“中管道”)；二标为SCADA1系统和泵站，承包商是一家来自巴西的公司。项目业主为GreatNational石油经营公司(以下称为GREATNATIONAL或业主)，作为业主代表的项目顾问为COP公司，该公司代表业主管理和监督项目施工。整个输油管线系统包括长约1500公里的NPS228英寸输油管线，设计容量为250，000桶/每天（bpd），用于将无硫原油从Heg生产厂的一号泵站运输到海港末站。输油管线分为两段。A段输油管线从一号泵站下游出口开始，到ELGeili以北结束，全长约800公里。B段输油管线紧接A段输油管线下游出口，到海港末站上游入口结束，全长约700公里。该系统的设计生命周期至少为25年。合同文件概要本合同文件(简称“合同”)由五卷组成。第一卷为合同格式和合同条件，又分为：(i)合同格式*(ii)合同条件(iii)授标函(iv)授标前会议记要（*合同格式，一般称为合同协议，为使合同生效有时需按适用法律执行，它是合同各方对另一方作出的合同承诺及所有合同文件的概括。）第二卷为会议记要和澄清，又分为：(i)技术澄清会议记要(ii)技术澄清这些澄清是合同的一个主要部分，因为它们通常都会对项目的费用和进度计划产生很明显的影响。第三卷为招标文件(ITB文件)，又分为以下三册：第一册――(i)投标邀请(删去)(ii)投标人须知(删去)(iii)投标格式(删去)(iv)合同第1.0章合同格式(删去)第2.0章合同条件1SCADA为英文SupervisorControl,alarm,anddataacquisition的缩写，意思是“监控，报警和数据采集”。2NPS为英文AmericanStandardStraightPipeThread的缩写，意思是“美国标准直管螺纹”。5第3.0章标准格式第4.0章工作范围第5.0章补偿和支付条件第6.0章项目进度计划第7.0章采购第8.0章计划、进度和合同状况报告第9.0章质量管理第10章健康、安全和环境第11章合同管理第12章业主供应的项目(v)项目信息备忘录(PIM)(vi)补遗第二册――附件A――图纸第三册――附件B――规范第四卷为承包商的技术建议书。第五卷为承包商的商务建议书。本合同属于EPC固定总价类型*。(*“固定总价”一词并不意味合同价格就一定是绝对不变的。“固定”的价格到底是否可以改变取决于合同的实质性规定。对于本合同，见合同条件第2.22款“变更令和额外工作”。)工期为12个月(进度非常紧张，肯定对承包商是一项挑战！)本部分共包括两个案例研究，它们是：案例1计量站的供水案例2洪水冲坏海亚管线在案例研究中，主要围绕有关一标承包商―中管道的问题。6CaseOneWATERSUPPLYTOTHEMETERINGSTATIONIntheScopeofWorkoftheContract,theContractorisrequiredtobuildanoff-takefacilitywithameteringstationtoanexistingrefinery.TheContractrequirestheContractortoproviderawandpotablewatersystemforthemeteringstation.Itseemsthatthingsarenotgoingverywell.LetterOneTO:COPAttn.:Ref.:97/CPB/201CC.:DATE:DearSir,SUBJECT:WATERSUPPLYTOMETERINGSTATIONAccordingtooursurveyandtestboring(reportasenclosed)atthelocalityofEbeidMeteringStation,ithasbeenfoundthatthereexistsnoundergro