单斗液压挖掘机反铲工作装置优化设计

┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊摘要摘要随着社会的不断进步，改革开放的深入，我国的基础建设项目不断增多，对工程机械产品的需求量也越来越大。液压挖掘机是工程机械的重要产品之一，具有较高的技术含量。而无尾式小型液压挖掘机在我国的发展才刚刚起步，其技术还远远落后于国外。本设计主要讨论变量泵系统液压挖掘机反铲工作装置的动力特性，基于全面考虑到液压功率的利用，生产效率的提高，机构的寿命问题等，提出了关于液压系统的优化设计并且建立了相应的数学模型。主要目标是改善挖掘机的整体性能，最后通过实例来验证设计的正确性！本设计的用了java语言，用了一个实例来对设计进行验证。为了设计更利于交互的程序，本次设计用了图形用户界面，便于结果的呈现。理论证明，液压挖掘机的优化设计对改善挖掘机的性能有着很大的作用！关键字：液压挖掘机，反铲工作装置，优化设计，java语言┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊ABSTRACTAbstractWiththedevelopmentofthesocietyandeconomyinChina,manyfundamentalengineeringprojectsneedtobecompletedbytheexcavators.Thehydraulicexcavatorisoneofthemostimportantconstructionmachineries.Thehydraulicexcavatorincludesthehighertechnicalspecification,anditisverydifficulttodesignthem.Butthedevelopmentofthesmallscaledhydraulicexcavatorwithnotailinourcountryjuststart,andthetechniquehasbeengotbehindwiththeabroadfarandfar.Thedynamiccharacteristicofhydraulicbackhoeattachmentofvariabledisplacementpumpsystemisdiscussedinthisdesign.Basedontheconsideringoftheusefulofhydraulicpower,productivitymechanismlife,thecoordinatebetweendiggingforceandresistance,andthecoordinateamongboom,stickandbucketmechanism,thepaperprovidetheOptimizationoptimummethodforthehydraulicsystemofexcavatorandmathematicalmethodmodelofdesign.Thepurposeofthisdesignistoimprovetheusefulofexcavator,andwefoundsomedatatoproveit!AndtwocorrespondingprogramshadbeenmadeinJavaLanguage.Ithasbeenillustratedbyoneexample.Inordertodesigngoodprogram,theauthoruseUserInterfacetodoit,sowecanusethisprogramlikesoftware.Ithasbeendemonstratedthatthedesignofexcavatorattachmentcanachievedrapidlyandfortheimprovementofexcavatorperformance.KeyWords:Hydraulicexcavator，Backhoeworkingattachment，OptimizationDesign，javalanguage┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊目录绪论........................................................................................................................-1-第一章各机构所受的外载荷........................................................................................41.1转斗挖掘阻力计算................................................................................................41.2斗杆挖掘阻力与阻力矩计算.................................................................................81.3铲斗机构所受的闭锁阻力矩的计算......................................................................81.4杆机构所受的闭锁阻力矩计算..............................................................................91.5动臂举升时的阻力矩的计算.................................................................................91.6动臂机构所受的闭锁阻力计算..............................................................................9第二章动臂和斗杆机构子系统的优化设计数学模型.................................................112.1目标函数的建立和分析.......................................................................................112.1.1功率，生命以及机构寿命......................................................................................112.1.2闭锁性能..................................................................................................................152.2确定设计变量.....................................................................................................182.3约束条件.............................................................................................................192.3.1约束条件..................................................................................................................192.3.2传动角限制..............................................................................................................202.3.3工作做尺寸的要求..................................................................................................212.3.4结构布置要求..........................................................................................................222.3.5对变量取值范围的限制..........................................................................................252.3.6根据目标函数中所做的分析，必须保证动臂举升和斗杆挖掘时其油缸中的最小工作压力大于起始变量压力：.............................................................................................26第三章铲斗连杆机构的优化设计数学模型................................................................283.1目标函数的分析与建立.......................................................................................284.1.1.铰链丝杆机构.........................................................................................................294.1.2.曲柄摇块机构NGM：..............................................................................................293.2确定设计变量.....................................................................................................303.3约束条件.............................................................................................................30┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊3.3.1.几何约束.................................................................................................................303.3.2.传动角的限制.........................................................................................................313.3.3.结构布置要求.........................................................................................................313.3.4.运动性能的要求.......