操作经营系统（英文版）

ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.Chapter1-操作同样是aCompetitiveWeaponToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemInputs•Workers•Managers•Equipment•Facilities•Materials•Services•Land•EnergyFigure1.1ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemInputs•Workers•Managers•Equipment•Facilities•Materials•Services•Land•EnergyOperationsandprocesses51234Figure1.1ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemOutputs•Goods•ServicesInputs•Workers•Managers•Equipment•Facilities•Materials•Services•Land•EnergyOperationsandprocesses51234Figure1.1ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemOutputs•Goods•ServicesExternalenvironmentCustomerorclientparticipationOperationsandprocesses51234Inputs•Workers•Managers•Equipment•Facilities•Materials•Services•Land•EnergyFigure1.1ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.TheOperationsManagementSystemOutputs•Goods•ServicesExternalenvironmentCustomerorclientparticipationOperationsandprocessesInformationonperformance51234Inputs•Workers•Managers•Equipment•Facilities•Materials•Services•Land•EnergyFigure1.1ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.OperationsManagementAsaFunctionToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.OperationsManagementAsaFunctionFigure1.2ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.OperationsManagementAsaFunctionSkillAreas•Quantitativemethods•Organizationalbehavior•GeneralManagement•Informationsystems•Economics•Internationalbusiness•BusinessethicsandlawFigure1.2ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ContinuumofCharacteristicsToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ContinuumofCharacteristicsMorelikeamanufacturingorganizationMorelikeaserviceorganizationFigure1.3ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ContinuumofCharacteristicsMorelikeamanufacturingorganizationMorelikeaserviceorganization•Physical,durableproduct•Outputcanbeinventoried•Lowcustomercontact•Longresponsetime•Regional,nationalorInternationalmarkets•Largefacilities•Capitalintensive•QualityeasilymeasuredFigure1.3ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ContinuumofCharacteristicsMorelikeamanufacturingorganizationMorelikeaserviceorganization•Physical,durableproduct•Outputcanbeinventoried•Lowcustomercontact•Longresponsetime•Regional,nationalorInternationalmarkets•Largefacilities•Capitalintensive•Qualityeasilymeasured•Intangible,perishableproduct•Outputcannotbeinventoried•Highcustomercontact•Shortresponsetime•Localmarkets•Smallfacilities•Laborintensive•QualitynoteasilymeasuredFigure1.3ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsPercentageofworkforce40–30–20–10–0|||||19571967197719871997Figure1.4ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsGovernmentPercentageofworkforce40–30–20–10–0|||||19571967197719871997Figure1.4ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsWholesaleandretailsalesGovernmentPercentageofworkforce40–30–20–10–0|||||19571967197719871997Figure1.4ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsOtherservicesWholesaleandretailsalesGovernmentPercentageofworkforce40–30–20–10–0|||||19571967197719871997Figure1.4ToAccompanyKrajewski&RitzmanOperationsManagement:StrategyandAnalysis,FifthEdition©1999AddisonWesleyLongman.Allrightsreserved.ServiceSectorJobsPercentageofworkforce40–30–2