工厂供电课程设计完整版

12020年5月29日工厂供电课程设计完整版文档仅供参考22020年5月29日文档仅供参考32020年5月29日前言电能是社会主义建设和人民生活不可缺少的重要资源,电力工业在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位,电能时有发电厂供给,因为考虑经济原因,发电厂大多建在动力资源比较丰富的地方,而这些地方又远离大中型城市和工厂企业,这样需要远距离输送,经过升降压变电所进行转接,在进一步的将电能分配给用户和生产企业。由于电力电能的重要特点是不能储存,因此电力电能的生产、输送、分配和使用是同时进行的,于是电力电能从生产到使用构成一个整体,称为电力系统。对电力系统运行的基本要求:1.保证供电的可靠性电力系统的中断将使生产停顿,生活混乱,甚至危机人身和设备文档仅供参考42020年5月29日的安全运行,造成十分严重的后果,给国民经济带来严重的损失,因此,对电力系统的运行首先要保证供电的可靠性。2.保证良好的电能质量3.提高系统运行的经济性4.保证电力系统安全运行课程设计:一、设计题目某机械厂降压变电所的电气设计二、设计要求要求根据本厂所能取得的电源及本厂用电负荷的实际情况,并适当考虑到工厂生产的发展,按照安全可靠、技术先进、经济合理的要求,确定变电所的位置与型式,确定变电所主变压器的台数与容量、类型,选择变电所主接线方案及高低压设备和进出线,确定二次回路方案,选择整定继电保护装置,确定防雷和接地装置,最后按要求写出设计说明书,绘出设计图纸。三、设计依据1.工厂总平面图文档仅供参考52020年5月29日图1工厂总平面图2.工厂负荷情况工厂多数车间为两班制,年最大负荷利用小时为6800小时,日最大负荷持续时间为8小时。该厂除特种电机分厂、实验站为一级负荷,铸造分厂、锅炉房属二级负荷外,其余均属三级负荷。低压动力设备均为三相,额定电压为380V。电气照明及家用电器均为单相,额定电压为220V。本厂的负荷统计资料如表1所示。3.供电电源情况按照工厂与当地供电部门签订的供用电协议规定,本厂可由离厂5km和8km(0.4欧姆/km)两处的35kV的公用电源干线取得工作电源。干线首端所装设的断路器断流容量为800MVA,该电源的走向参看工厂总平面图。表1工厂负荷统计资料厂房厂房名称负荷设备容量额定电压功率因tan需要系数dk文档仅供参考62020年5月29日编号类型/kW/kV数cos1成品试验站动力1＃50002＃1＃102＃0.380.82-0.871.370.5-0.6照明6-120.381.000.5-0.62电机制造分厂动力7200.380.6-0.681.170.18-0.25照明6-121.000.7-0.93新品制造分厂动力8800.380.6-0.71.160.2-0.3照明5-101.000.7-0.94特种电机分厂动力5800.380.65-0.721.230.65-照明5-101.000.65-0.75铸造分厂动力2900.380.6-0.71.020.5-0.6照明6-121.000.7-0.96锻造分厂动力5000.380.62-0.681.170.3-0.35照明5-11.000.7-0.97原材料分厂动力2700.380.63-0.721.170.3-0.36照明4-81.000.7-0.98机加工分厂动力3800.380.6-0.651.120.22-0.32照明5-101.000.7-0.99线圈制造厂动力4200.380.6-0.71.170.2-0.3照明6-121.000.7-0.910锅炉房动力600.380.8-0.91.050.6-0.8照明3-51.000.7-0.911生活区照明6000.380.9-1.00.50.7-0.84.气象条件本厂所在地区,年最热月平均最高气温为35°C,最热月平均气温为18°C,最热月地下0.8m处平均气温为30°C。5.地质水文资料本厂所在地区平均海拔500m,地层以砂粘土为主,地下水位为2m。6.电费制度本厂与当地部门达成协议,在工厂变电所高压侧计量电能,设专用计量柜,按两部电费制缴纳电费。每月基本电费按主变压器容文档仅供参考72020年5月29日量为18元/KVA,动力电费为0.9元/kWh,照明电费为0.52元/kWh。工厂最大负荷时的功率因数不得低于0.9,另外,电力用户需按新装变压器容量计算,一次性向供电部门缴纳供电贴费6～10kV为800元/KVA。目录1.负荷计算和无功功率补偿···················································41.1负荷计算·······························································41.2无功功率补偿···························································62.变电所位置和型式选择·····················································83.变电所主变压器台数和容量、类型的选文档仅供参考82020年5月29日择·····································84.变电所主接线方案的设计···················································94.1装设一台主变压器的主接线方案·········································94.2装设两台主变压器的主接线方案·········································105.短路电流的计算···························································115.1计算电路·····························································115.2短路计算基准值··························文档仅供参考92020年5月29日·····························115.3确定元件电抗标幺值···················································115.4短路点相关计算·······················································126.变电所一次设备的选择和校验···············································136.110kv侧一次设备的选择校验·············································136.2380v侧一次设备的选择和校验··········································146.3高低压母线的选择···················································文档仅供参考102020年5月29日··157.变电所进出线的选择和校验·················································157.110kv高压进线的选择···················································157.2380v低压出线的选择··················································167.3作为备用电源的高压联络线的选择校验···································188.变电所二次回路方案的选择及继电保护的整定·································208.1变电所二次回路方案的选择··············································208.2变电所继电保护装文档仅供参考112020年5月29日置···················································208.3装设电流速断保护·····················································218.4作为备用电源的高压联络线的继电保护装置·······························219.防雷保护与接地装置的设计·················································229.1变电所的防雷保护······················································229.2接地装置的设计························································23文档仅供参考122020年5月29日10．.附录一参考文献·························································2411.变压器主接线图···························································251．负荷计算和无功功率补偿1.1负荷计算1.1.1单组用电设备计算负荷的计算公式a)有功计算负荷(单位为KW)30P=dKeP,dK为系数b)无功计算负荷(单位为kvar)30Q=30Ptanc)视在计算负荷(单位为kvA)文档仅供参考132020年5月29日30S=cos30Pd)计算电流(单位为A)30I=NUS330,NU为用电设备的额定电压(单位为KV)1.1.2多组用电设备计算负荷的计算公式a)有功计算负荷(单位为KW)30P=ipPK30式中iP30是所有设备组有功计算负荷30P之和,pK是有功负荷同时系数,可取0.85~0.95b)无功计算负荷(单位为kvar)30Q=iqQK30,iQ30是所有设备无功30Q之和;qK是无功负荷同时系数,可取0.9~0.97c)视在计算负荷(单位为kvA)30S=230230QPd)计算电流(单位为A)30I=NUS330经过计算,得到各厂房和生活区的负荷计算表,如表1.1所示表1.1厂方编号厂方名称负荷类别计算负荷功率因素cosθtanθ需要系数Kd30P(KW)30Q(kva)S30(kva)30I(A)1成品试验站动力30001200411016445088203529330910.82～0.871.370.5～0.6照明10.8010.8281.000.7～0.92电机制造分厂动力180210.62777280.6～0.681.170.18～0.25照明10.8010.8281.000.7～0.93新品制造分厂动力26430644111600.6～0.71.160.2～0.3文档仅供参考142020年5月29日照明909231.000.7～0.94特种电机分厂动力40649964316920.65～0.721.230.65～0.7照明909231.0007～0.95铸造分厂动力1741772481430.6～0.71.020.5～0.6照明10.8010.8281.000.7～0.96锻造分厂动力1752042681540.62～0.681.170.3～0.35照明909231.000.7～0.97原材料分厂动力971131483890.63～0.721.170.3～0.36照明7.207.2181.000.7～0.98机加工分厂动力121.61361821050.6～0.651.120.22～0.32照明909231.000.7～0.99线圈制造分厂动力1261471931110.6～0.7