必修5课Unit 1 Great scientists Using language

•contributesthtosb/sth捐款，捐助We_________________thepoor．我们捐赠衣物救济贫民。Hecontributedpoemstothemagazine．他投诗稿给杂志。contributedclothingtocontributeto：为…作出贡献,为…撰稿,向…投稿,捐助,有助于,促进ManypeoplehadcheerfullycontributedtotheRedCross.许多人都欣然向红十字会捐款。Hiscarelessnesscontributedtotheaccident.他的粗心大意是造成这次事故的原因之一。Drinkcontributedtohisruin.饮酒促成他的毁灭。contributionn.贡献；捐献（物）Unit1GreatScientistsUsingLanguageCopernicus’revolutionarytheory1、尼古拉。哥白尼2、革命的；重大变革的3、移动；运动；动作4、讲得通；有意义5、向后的（地）6、圈；环7、私下地；秘密地8、（使）旋转；纺9、明亮；亮度；聪颖10、热情的；热心的11、小心的；谨慎的12、拒绝；不接受；抛弃13、宇宙；世界NicolausCopernicusrevolutionarymovementmakesensebackwardloopprivatelyspin-spun-spunbrightnessenthusiasticcautiousrejectuniverseWarmingup1.Doyouknowwhatisthecenterofthesolarsystem?2.Canyounamethenineplanetsinthesolarsystem?sunNinePlanetsIntheSolarSystem.Mercury['mə:kjuri]水星Venus['vinəs]金星Earth地球Mars[mɑrz]火星Jupiter['dʒupətɚ]木星Saturn['sætɚn]土星Uranus[juərənəs]天王星Neptune['neptju:n]海王星Pluto['pluto]冥王星NinePlanetsIntheSolarSystem:•leadto通向•AllroadsleadtoRome.条条大道通罗马。•Canthisway_________________?这条路能到邮局吗?leadtothepostoffice•导致，引起•他的粗心导致了这起事故。•_________________________•_________________________disastrousconsequences.这样一个错误可能导致灾难性的后果。SuchamistakewouldperhapsleadtoHiscarelessnessledtotheaccident.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。onlyif只有，只要，当only修饰副词，介短语或状语从句放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。Onlyifateachergaepermissionisastudentallowedtoentertheroom.只有得到老师的允许，学生才能进这个房间。Onlybyshoutingandwavinghishandscouldhebenoticed.只有靠大声呼叫和晃动手才能使人注意到他。Onlythendidherealizedthathehadmadeaseveremistake.只有那时他才意识到犯了一个严重的错误。特别说明：有时命题者不是利用位于句首的“only+状语”来考查倒装，而是倒过来，利用给定的倒装结构来考查对only的选择。1.Onlythen_________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealize2.Onlyaftermyfriendcame_________.A.didthecomputerrepairedB.berepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepairedD.thecomputerwasrepaired3、_________bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageothercompanies.A.OnlyB.JustC.StillD.Yetmakesense有意义，有道理，讲得通相关搭配:makesenseof理解;弄懂（不易理解的事物）makenosense没道理;没意义Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做…没道理inasense在某一方面;就某种意义来说innosense决不是;决非asenseofhumor/beauty/direction/…幽默感/审美观/方向感/…1）你能听懂这个美国人在说些什么吗？Canyou_____________whatthisAmericanissaying?2)那对我毫无意义。Thatjust____________________tome.3）在一定意义上,学习法律就像学习一门语言.____________,learningthelawislikelearningalanguage.4)没必要买那么贵的大衣，这些全家的也很好。There’s_________________thatexpensivewhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.5）他有很好的方面感。Hehas____________________________.makesenseofInasensemakenosensenosenseinbuyingagoodsenseofdirectionYethecouldnottellanyoneabouthistheoryasthepowerfulChristianChurchwouldhavepunishedhimforevensuggestingsuchanidea.他的这个理论不可能告诉任何人，因为即使他只暗示有这种想法，他都会受到强大的基督教教会势力的惩罚。•wouldhavedone表示对过去瓣某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像should或oughtto那样有责备之意。Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn’thaveactedlikethat.我猜这位诗人写第一首诗歌的时候，大概二十岁左右想必另外一位工人不会那样做。Theproblemarosebecauseastronomershadnoticedthatsomeplanetsintheskyseemedtostop,movebackwardandgoforwardinaloop.这样，问题就来了，因为天文学家以前发现过，天上有些行星停顿下来，往后移动，然后再成环状向前移动。•arise-arose-arisen出现；发生•Thatquestiondidn’tarise.•那个问题没有出现。backward(s):adv.朝后，往后地Itisdangeroustowalkbackwards.倒着走是很危险的。Thetrainisgoingbackwards.火车正在往后倒。•backward:adj.落后的Thecountryisstillinabackwardstate.那个国家仍然处于落后状态。Thechildwasbackwardinlearningtowalk.那孩子学步比较晚。attimes间或；偶尔；相当于fromtimetotime;nowandthen;occasionally有关time的搭配一次，每一次曾经；一度有时；偶尔每一次第一次/最后一次总是；一直提前及时；迟早准时慢慢来；磨洋工atatimeatthetimefromtimetotimeeverytimeforthefirsttime/thelasttimeallthetimeaheadoftimeintimeontimetakeone’stimecompletelyadv.彻底地,完全地completionn.完成,结束complete(1)adj.完全的,彻底的Thepolicewereincompletecontrolofthesituation.(2)vt.完成,结束Thebuildingtooktwoyearstocomplete.Thenewlaboratorybuilding___________________.willbecompletednextFridayHeplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingwounditandonlythemoonstillgoingaroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。withtheplanetsgoingroundit是with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作定语或状语，作宾补的可以是介词短语，过去分词，形容词，副词或动词不定式等。现将其基本形式归纳如下。1）with+n./pron.+介词短语Hesattherewithasmileonhisface.Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.2)with+n./pron.+副词WithMrSmithaway,we’vegotmoreroom.3)with+n./pron.+不定式Withnothingtodo,wewenttothecinema.Withsomuchworktodo,wecouldnotgohome.4)with+n./pron.+现在分词Thesteetwasquietwhithnobusesrunning.5)with+n./pron.+过去分词Incameamanwithhishandstiedback.Shesattherewithherheadbent.6)with+n./pron.+形容词Heworeashirt,withtheneckopen,showinghisbarechestenthusiasticadj.beenthusiasticaboutsth./doingsth.热衷于，对…充满热情Hebecameenthusiasticaboutclassicalmusic.他变成了一个古典音乐迷。enthusiasmn.热情,热心enthusiasmforsth./fordoingsth.Hehasagreatenthusiasmforpersonalcomputers.他热衷于个人电脑。cautiousadj.小心的,警慎的becautiousabout/ofsb/sth对...小心，谨慎Youshouldbecautiousofthestrangers.你应该小心提防陌生人。cautionn.小心,警慎withcaution留心，小心地对待疾病要小心.Diseaseshould_____________________.betreatedwithcautionFastreading1.WhatdidCopernicusthinkwasthecenterofthesolarsystem?2.WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?ReadingCopernicus’Rev