ASTM A262 2015 奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性检测标准方法

Designation:A262−15StandardPracticesforDetectingSusceptibilitytoIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA262;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.1.Scope*1.1Thesepracticescoverthefollowingfivetests:1.1.1PracticeA—OxalicAcidEtchTestforClassificationofEtchStructuresofAusteniticStainlessSteels(Sections4to13,inclusive),1.1.2PracticeB—FerricSulfate-SulfuricAcidTestforDe-tectingSusceptibilitytoIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels(Sections14to25,inclusive),1.1.3PracticeC—NitricAcidTestforDetectingSuscepti-bilitytoIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels(Sections26to36,inclusive),1.1.4PracticeE—Copper–CopperSulfate–SulfuricAcidTestforDetectingSusceptibilitytoIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels(Sections37to46,inclusive),and1.1.5PracticeF—Copper–CopperSulfate–50%SulfuricAcidTestforDetectingSusceptibilitytoIntergranularAttackinMolybdenum-BearingAusteniticStainlessSteels(Sections47to58,inclusive).1.2TheOxalicAcidEtchTestisarapidmethodofidentifying,bysimpleetching,thosespecimensofcertainstainlesssteelgradesthatareessentiallyfreeofsusceptibilitytointergranularattackassociatedwithchromiumcarbideprecipitates.Thesespecimenswillhavelowcorrosionratesincertaincorrosiontestsandthereforecanbeeliminated(screened)fromtestingas“acceptable.”Theetchtestisapplicableonlytothosegradeslistedintheindividualhotacidtestsandclassifiesthespecimenseitheras“acceptable”oras“suspect.”1.3Theferricsulfate-sulfuricacidtest,thecopper–coppersulfate–50%sulfuricacidtest,andthenitricacidtestarebasedonweightlossdeterminationsand,thus,provideaquantitativemeasureoftherelativeperformanceofspecimensevaluated.Incontrast,thecopper–coppersulfate–16%sulfuricacidtestisbasedonvisualexaminationofbendspecimensand,therefore,classifiesthespecimensonlyasacceptableornonacceptable.1.4Thepresenceorabsenceofintergranularattackinthesetestsisnotnecessarilyameasureoftheperformanceofthematerialinothercorrosiveenvironments.Thesetestsdonotprovideabasisforpredictingresistancetoformsofcorrosionotherthanintergranular,suchasgeneralcorrosion,pitting,orstress-corrosioncracking.NOTE1—SeeAppendixX1forinformationregardingtestselection.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Theinch-poundequivalentsareinparenthesesandmaybeapproximate.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Somespecifichazardsstatementsaregivenin10.1,20.1.1,20.1.9,31.3,34.4,53.1.1,and53.1.10.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2A370TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTestingofSteelProductsA380/A380MPracticeforCleaning,Descaling,andPassi-vationofStainlessSteelParts,Equipment,andSystemsD1193SpecificationforReagentWaterE3GuideforPreparationofMetallographicSpecimens2.2ASMECode:3ASMEBoiler&PressureVesselCode,SectionIX2.3ACSSpecifications:4ReagentChemicals,SpecificationsandProcedures1ThesepracticesareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.14onMethodsofCorrosionTesting.CurrenteditionapprovedSept.1,2015.PublishedSeptember2015.Originallyapprovedin1943.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asA262–14.DOI:10.1520/A0262-15.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3AvailablefromAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers(ASME),ASMEInternationalHeadquarters,TwoParkAve.,NewYork,NY10016-5990,(ACS),1155SixteenthStreet,NW,Washington,DC20036,*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandardCopyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.UnitedStates12.4ISOStandard:5ISO3651-2DeterminationofResistancetoIntergranularCorrosionofStainlessSteels—Part2:Ferritic,Austenitic,andFerritic-Austenitic(Duplex)StainlessSteels—CorrosionTestinMediaContainingSulfuricAcid3.PurityofReagents3.1PurityofReagents—Reagentgradechemicalsshallbeusedinalltests.Unlessotherwiseindicated,itisintendedthatallreagentsconformtothespecificationsoftheCommitteeonAnalyticalReagentsoftheAmericanChemicalSociety6wheresuchspecificationsareavailable.Othergradesmaybeused,provideditisfirstascertainedthatthereagentisofsufficientlyhighpuritytopermititsusewithoutlesseningtheaccuracyofthetestresult.3.2PurityofWater—Unlessotherwiseindicated,referencestowatershallbeunderstoodtomeanreagentwaterasdefinedbyTypeIVofSpecificationD1193.PRACTICEA—OXALICACIDETCHTESTFORCLASSIFICATIONOFETCHS