U型管式换热器设计

IU型管式换热器设计摘要本文介绍了U型管换热器的整体结构设计计算。U型管换热器仅有一个管板，管子两端均固定于同一管板上，管子可以自由伸缩，无热应力，热补偿性能好；管程采用双管程，流程较长，流速较高，传热性能较好，承压能力强，管束可从壳体内抽出，便于检修和清洗，且结构简单，造价便宜。U型管式换热器的主要结构包括管箱、筒体、封头、换热管、接管、折流板、防冲板和导流筒、防短路结构、支座及管壳程的其他附件等。本次设计为二类压力容器，设计温度和设计压力都较高，因而设计要求高。换热器采用双管程，不锈钢换热管制造。设计中主要进行了换热器的结构设计，强度设计以及零部件的选型和工艺设计。关键词：U型管换热器，结构，强度，设计计算IIU-TUBEHEATEXCHANGERDESIGNABSTRACTThispaperintroducestheU-tubeheatexchangerdesignandcalculation.U-tubeheatexchangerhasonlyonetubesheet,tubesarefixedatbothendsofboardsinthesametube,andtubescouldtelescopicfreely,non-thermalstress,thermalperformanceandcompensation;useofdouble-tubeprocess,theprocessislonger,higherspeed,betterheattransferperformance,pressurecapacity,andcontrolcanbeextractedfromtheshellwitheasymaintenanceandcleaning,andsimplestructurecostless.ThemainstructureofU-tubeheatexchanger,includesEquipmentcontrol,shell,head,exchangertubes,nozzles,baffled,impingementbaffle,guideshell,anti-short-circuitstructure,supportandothershell-tubeaccessories.ThistimeIdesignedasecondcategorypressurevessel,whichhashighdesigntemperatureandhighdesignpressure.Thusthedesigndemandsarestrict.Ithasdualheatexchangertube,stainlesssteelheatexchangermanufacturers.Imainlycarriedoutthedesignofheatexchangerstructuraldesign,strengthofdesignandpartsselectionandprocessdesign.KEYWOEDS:U-tubeheatexchanger,frame,intensity,designandcalculation安徽理工大学毕业论文i目录中文摘要.....................................错误!未定义书签。英文摘要.....................................错误!未定义书签。绪论....................................................11管壳式换热器的类型、结构与型号...............................11.1换热器的零部件名称..................................错误!未定义书签。1.2换热器的主要组合部件................................错误!未定义书签。2换热器材料选择...........................................22.1选材原则............................................................43换热器结构设计...........................................23.1壁厚的确定..........................................................63.2管箱圆筒短节设计....................................................63.3壳体圆筒设计........................................................73.4封头设计............................................................83.4.1后封头计算......................................................93.4.2管箱封头计算...................................................103.5换热管设计.........................................................113.5.1换热管的规格和尺寸偏差..........................................93.5.2U形管的尺寸.....................................................93.5.3管子的排列型式.................................................103.5.4换热管中心距...................................................103.5.5布管限定圆.....................................................113.5.6换热管的排列原则...............................................123.6管板设计...........................................................123.6.1管板连接设计...................................................153.6.2管板设计计算...................................................193.7管箱结构设计.......................................................193.7.1管箱的最小内侧深度.............................................193.7.2分程隔板.......................................................194换热器其他各部件结构.....................................204.1进出口接管设计.....................................................204.1.1接管法兰设计...................................................204.1.2接管外伸长度...................................................22安徽理工大学毕业论文ii4.1.3接管与筒体、管箱壳体的连接....................................224.1.4接管开孔补强的设计计算........................................234.1.5接管最小位置...................................................294.1.6壳程接管位置的最小尺寸.........................................284.1.7管箱接管位置的最小尺寸.........................................284.2管板法兰设计......................................................284.2.1垫片的设计.....................................................334.2.2螺栓设计.......................................................344.2.3法兰设计.......................................................344.3折流板.............................................................384.3.1折流板尺寸.....................................................394.3.2折流板的布置..................................................394.3.3折流板的固定..................................................364.4拉杆与定距管.......................................................384.4.1拉杆的结构型式.................................................394.4.2拉杆的直径和数量...............................................394.4.3拉杆的尺寸.....................................................394.4.4拉杆的布置.....................................................404.4.5定距管尺寸.....................................................404.5防冲与导流.........................................................404.5.1防冲板的形式...................................................404.5.2防冲板的位置和尺寸.............................................404.5.3导流筒.........................................................414.6双壳程结构.........................................................414.7防短路结构.........................................................444.7.1旁路挡板的结构尺寸.............................................424.7.2挡管...................