沈阳市区植物区系与植被类型的研究

*徐文铎1**何兴元1陈玮1,2张粤1李海梅1刘常富1(1,110016;2,100039)=..,98371779.,85,20.384,49.3%.23.,89.3%.,1457,3().1001-9332(2003)12-2095-08Q948AFloraandvegetationtypesinthedowntownareaofShenyang.XUWenduo1,HEXingyuan1,CHENWei1,2,ZHANGYue1,LIHaimei1,LIUChangfu1(1InstituteofAppliedEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Shenyang110016,China;2GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China).-Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2003,14(12):2095~2102.ShenyangcityislocatedintheintersectzoneamongChangbai,MongoliaandNorthChinaflora,whichhasaplentyofplantspeciesbelongingto98families,371generaand779species.Thereare85plantspeciesinthelargestfamilyCompanulaceae,andmorethan20speciesinthefamiliesCyperaceae,Rosaceae,Leguminoseae,Polygonuceae,Labiatae,LilaceaeandRanunculaceae.Thesefamilieshave384speciesintotal,and49.3%ofthemarefoundinShenyangcity.Theflorahad23geographicalcomponentstypes,and89.3%ofthemwereofthetemperatetype.Basedontheepigenesisandfunctionsofvegetationandtheroleofthedominantspecies,theurbanvegetationinthedowntownareaofShenyangwasdividedinto3vegetationclasses,14vegetationgroupsand57vegetationtypes,andthecomponents,structure,dynamicsandfunctionsof3representativevegetationclasseswereanalysised.KeywordsShenyangcity,Seedplant,Flora,Vegetationtypes.*(30270250)(KOTCE-03971003)/0(K070K-YZX010505)(C12MC-SCXMS013).**.2003-05-27,2003-08-31.1.,.,,,,565656[8],,,.,[12],[13],..,,.,,,,.2211,4,3480.29km2.,,,70~200m,441.3m,300m,300m,220m;,20~40m.2003121412CHINESEJOURNALOFAPPLIEDECOLOGY,Dec.2003,14(12)B2095~2102,7.9e,1-12.0e,724.6e,34.5e,-33.1e,\5e3870.8e,670.9mm,6~8,64.4%,1408mm,2.1,153d,,.,,[18].,(Pinustabulaeformis)(Quercusmongolica,Q.liaotungensis).,.(Populussp.),(Salixsp.),.212212115656,,56,56().,[1.2],.212121):1991,4,20m@20m,4m@4m.,,.))),300.Levins(1986)[9.10].2):19981B10000,,,100m@100m280,280hm2,10m@10m24,0.24hm2().280.24hm2,1.73%..3311311113,.,98368789,3613,95362776.,80285597,1577179,(1),3481km2,0.28%,77.250.030.6%.,801;40804,;2040;10209,.7710,127;2~533;5~1017(2).21,247549,66.6%70.5%,21.4%,1~56061.2%,125,16.0%.371,(26)(25),(14)(13)(12),11.5~10(9),(8),(7),5.1654.3%,16205,26.2%.,27,27.6%,7.3%,3.5%.31112,-,[11].,,,,.423[1,3,7](3).3111211.,,35,4.47%.(Phragmitesaustralis)(Chlorisvirgata)(Setariaviridis)(Chenopodiumalbum)(Lemnaminor).3111212,,-.(Hippurisvulgaris)(Choseniamacrolepis)(Salixhslnganica)(Ribestristae)(Potintillafruti-cosa)(Astragalysadsurgens)(Erigeroncanadensis).2096141Table1ComparisonoffloracompositionbetweenShenyangcityareaandnortheastChinaShenyangcityareaFamilyGenusSpeciesNortheastChinaFamilyGenusSpecies36134923Gymnosperm802855971015471887Dicotyledon158016922180648MonocotyledonTotal9837177912773625583111213.,680,86.85%,.,18(3),10,.1)-:,.,,43,131,,(Acermono)(Fraxinusmandshurica)(Phellodendronamurense)(Ulmusjaponica)(U.Laciniata)(Salixkoreensis)(Quercusvariabilis)(Carbinuscordata),(Corylusheterophylla)(Lespedezabicolor)(Rhamnusyashinoi)(Vibur-numsargeuti).2Table2Sequencingofspermophyte(family)inShenyangcityareaSpecies(:)Family(Genus:Species)80(1)Compositae(40:85)80~40(4)Gramineae(39B58),Cyperaceae(9B52),Rosaceae(15B47),Leguminoseae(21B41)40~20(4)Polygonuceae(2B29),Labiatae(19B26),Lilaceae(10B24),Ranunculaceae(9B22)20~10(12)Umbelliferae(16B19),Caryophllaceae(12B18),Chenopodiaceae(6B18),Saxifragaceae(6B16),Salicaceae(3B15),Euphorbiaceae(6B13),Caprifoliaceae(5B12),Betulaceae(4B11),Cruciiferae(8B11),Campanulaceae(4B11),Scrophulariaceae(9B11,)Pinaceae(4B10)10~5(17)Ulmaceae(3B9),Potamogetonaceae(1B9),Iridaceae(1B8),Violaceae(1B8),Boraginaceae(5B7),Asclepiadaceae(3B7),Fagaceae(1B6),Gentianaceae(3B6),Celastraceae(2B5),Vitaceae(2B5),Araliaceae(3B5),Rubiaceae(2B5),Geraniaceae(2B5),Rhamnaceae(1B5),Oleaceae(3B5),Convolvulaceae(2B5),Solanaceae(5B5)5~2(33)Moraceae(3B4),Urticaceae(2B4),Nymphaeaceae(3B4),Acaraceae(1B4),Malvaceae(3B4),Trapaceae(2B4),Primulaceae(2B4),Valerianaceae(2B4),Najadaceae(1B4),Amaranthaceae(1B3),Ceratophyllaceae(1B3),Crassulactae(2B3),Oxalidaceae(1B3),Tiliaceae(1B3),Actinidiaceae(1B3),Onagraceae(3B3),Haloragidaceae(1B3),Plantaginaceae(1B3),Dip-sacaceae(2B3),Cucurbitaceae(3B3),Alismataceae(2B3),Hydrocharitaceae(3B3),Araceae(2B3),Berberidaceae(1B2),Cupressaceae(2B2),Rutaceae(2B2),Polygalaceae(1B2),Hypericaceae(1B2),Typhaceae(1B2),Lemnaceae(2B2),Pontederiaceae(1B2),Juncaceae(1B2),Orch-idaceae(2B2)1(27)Ephedraceae(1B1),Juglandaceae(1B1),Santalaceae(1B1),Laranthaceae(1B1),Aris-tolochiaceae(1B1),Portulacaceae(1B1),Menispermaceae(1B1),Paeoniaceae(1B1),Magnoliaceae(1B1),Schisandraceae(1B1),Papeveraceae(1B1),Linaceae(1B1),Zygophyllaceae(1B1),Tamaricaceae(1B1),Thymelaeaceae(1B1),Alangiaceae(1B1),Hippuridaceae(1B1),Ericaceae(1B1),Verbenaceae(1B1),Orobanchaceae(1B1),Bignoniaceae(1B1),Lentibulatiaceae(1B1),Phrymaceae(1B1),Pedaliaceae(1B1),Commelinaceae(1B1),Dioscoreaceae(1B1)3Table3GeographiccomponentofspermophyteflorainShenyangcityareaGeographiccomponentSpecies%GeographiccomponentSpecies%Ñ.Cosmopolitan12.-NorthChina-Korea60.81.Cosmopolitan374.713.NortheastChina546.8Ò.Frigidnature14.NorthChina232.92.-NorthtemperateArctic222.815.Daxinganling20.3Ó