上海市崇明区2019届高三英语一模

第1页/共11页崇明区2019届第一次期末质量检测试卷英语I.ListeningComprehensionII.GrammarandVocabularySectionAElectricBikeBaninNewYorkHurtsFoodDeliveryWorkersAbanonelectricbicyclesinNewYorkCityishurtingdeliveryworkerswhodependonthemtoearnaliving.Manyoftheworkersareimmigrants.Electricbicycles,or“e-bikes,”looklikeregularbicycles,buttheyhaveelectric-poweredmotorstoassistridersinmovingthebikeforward.Moste-bikesreachspeedsofabout32kilometersanhour,butsomecangomuch(21)________(fast).(22)________itislegaltoowne-bikesinNewYorkCity,itisnotlegaltooperatethem.Officialsthereconsiderthedangeroususeofe-bikesonstreetsandsidewalksasreason(23)________theban.Lastyear,thecityannouncedseveremeasures(24)________(mean)toholde-bikeridersandrestaurantsthatemploytheridersresponsible.E-bikeoperatorscannowbefined$500forbreakingtheban.Thepolice(25)________alsoseizethebikes.ManyofNewYork’sdeliveryworkersareChineseimmigrantsintheir50sand60s.Theirjobrequiresthemtoworkquicklyandforlonghours(26)________(earn)enoughmoneytoliveon.DeliveryworkerDeqingLiansaiditisimportanttoperformqualitywork(27)________theirjobalsodependsontips.Headdedthatwhendeliveryworkersaretooslow,somepeoplerefusetopayforthefood.Thismakestheworkers’supervisorsangry.LiqiangLiuisane-bikedeliveryworkerandspokespersonfortheNewYorkDeliveryWorkersUnion.Hesays(28)________(catch)breakingthebanandhavingthebikeseizedwouldcausecostlydelaysforworkers.DoLeeiswiththeBikingPublicProject,(29)________providesassistancetobicycle-relatedworkersinNewYorkCity.Hesaysthecity’sbanone-bikesisunfairlytargetinglow-paidworkerswholargelycomefromthecity’sLatinoandAsiancommunities.Hedoesnotaccepttheargument(30)________e-bikespresentadangertocitizens.However,manyNewYorkersarequicktoblamee-bikeridersfornotbeingsafe.SectionBA.overateB.preciousC.rateD.researchersE.impressionF.previousG.presentedH.interpretI.goersJ.revealedK.consumerPeopleThinkMealsTasteBetterIfTheyAreExpensiveItissaidthatthere’snosuchthingasafreelunch,butevenifyoumanagetobagabargainmeal,itwillnottasteasgoodasamoreexpensivemeal,accordingtoscientists.Anewstudyhasfoundthatrestaurant__31__whopaymorefortheirmealsthinkthefoodistastier第2页/共11页thanifitisofferedforasmallerprice.Theexpertsthinkthatpeopletendtoassociatecostwithqualityandthischangestheir__32__ofhowfoodtastes.ScientistsatCornellUniversityinNewYorkstudiedtheeatinghabitsof139peopleenjoyinganItalianbuffet(自助餐)inarestaurant.Thepriceofthefoodwassetbythe__33__ateither$4or$8fortheall-you-can-eatmeal.Customerswereaskedto__34__howgoodthefoodtasted,thequalityoftherestaurantandtoleavetheirnames.Theexperiment__35__thatthepeoplewhopaid$8forthefoodenjoyedtheirmeal11percentmorethanthosewhoatethe“cheaper”buffet.Interestinglythosethatpaidforthe$4buffetsaidtheyfeltguiltieraboutloadinguptheirplatesandfeltthatthey__36__.However,thescientistssaidthatbothgroupsatearoundthesamequantityoffoodintotal,accordingtothestudy__37__attheExperimentalBiologymeetingthisweek.BrianWansink,aprofessorof__38__behaviorattheuniversity,said:“Wewerefascinatedtofindthatpricinghaslittleimpactonhowmuchoneeats,butahugeimpactonhowyou__39__theexperience.”Hethinksthatpeopleenjoyedtheirfoodmoreastheyassociatedcostwithqualityandthatsmallchangestoarestaurantcanchangehowtastypeoplefindtheirmeals.Ina(n)__40__study,scientistsfromtheuniversityshowedthatpeoplewhoeatindimlightingconsume175lesscalories(卡路里)thanpeoplewhoeatinbrightlylitareas.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAHowClimateChangeAffectsAirlineFlightsHotweatherhasforceddozensofcommercialflightstobecanceledatairportsintheSouthwestthissummer.Thisflight-disturbing__41__isawarningsign.Climatechangeisprojectedtohavefar-reaching__42__--includingsealevelrisefloodingcitiesandshiftingweatherpatternscausinglong-termdeclinesinagriculturalproduction.Andthereisevidencethatitisbeginningtoaffectthetakeoffperformanceofcommercialaircraft,withpotentialeffectsonairline__43__.Nationalandglobaltransportationsystemsandtheeconomicactivitytheysupporthavebeendesignedfortheclimateinwhichitalldeveloped.Intheaviation(航空)industry,airportsandaircraftaredesignedfortheweatherconditionsexperienced__44__.Becausetheclimateischanging,evenfundamentalelementslikeairportsandkeyeconomicpartslikeairtransportationmayneedtobe__45__.Asscientistsfocusedontheimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweatheronhumansocietyandnaturalecosystemsaroundtheworld,ourresearchhasquantifiedhowextremeheatassociatedwithourwarmingclimatemayaffect__46__aroundtheworld.We’vefoundthatmajorairportsfromNewYorktoDubaitoBangkokwillseemorefrequenttakeoffweight__47__inthecomingdecadesduetoincreasinglycommonhottemperatures,whichcanhelpreducetheaircraft’sweightsoastoloweritsrequiredtakeoffspeed.Thereisobviousevidencethatextremeeventssuchasheatwavesandcoastalfloodingarehappeningwithgreaterfrequencyandintensitythanjustafewdecadesago.Andifwe__48__toreducegreenhousegasemissionssignificantlyinthenextfewdecades,thefrequencyandintensityoftheseextremesisprojectedtoincreasedramatically.The__49__onaviationmaybewidespread.Manyairportsarebuiltnearsealevel,puttingthemat第3页/共11页riskofmorefrequent__50__asocea