英语五大基本句子结构

1英语的五种基本句型训练S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构经济在衰退。Theeconomyshrinks.现在进行时Theeconomyhasbeenshrinkingrapidly.环境在恶化。Theenvironmentis2deteriorating.说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾补五个基本句式详细解释如下：1．S十V句式在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如：Iwilltry.Sheiseating.Herunsquickly．近年来，全世界的经济都在蓬勃的发展。近年来，全世界的经济发展在提速。Theglobaleconomicgrowthhasbeenacceleratinginrecentyears/recently.3写句子最重要的是“不能错”。Economy--Economic--economical--economics--economist他们听得很仔细。Theylistenedcarefully．煤气用完了。Thegashasgivenout．我的钢笔水用完了。Myinkhasrunout．2．S十V十P句式在此句式中，V是系动词(linkv．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fallill/asleep，stand/sitstill，become，turn等。）表语：表示主语的性质，状态，身份。Be---bedoingMr.Brownisanengineer.(名词做表语)Sheisbeautiful.（形容词做表语）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：Heisateacher.他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）近年来，全世界的经济都貌似在4蓬勃的发展。Theglobaleconomyseemstobegrowingrapidlyinrecentyears.Itseems/appearsthat...theglobaleconomyhasbeendevelopingrapidlyrecently.Theenvironmentprovestobeterrible.环境【看起来】很糟糕。Sb.seemstobe...Prove--is动物实验是不人道的。Theanimalexperimentsareinhumane.5垃圾食品有害人体健康。Thejunkfoodisharmful.Thejunkfooddeterioratesunderminespeople’sphysicalhealth.那些花时间去旅游的人有更宽广的视野。Thepeoplewhospendsometimetraveling,haveawider/broadervision/view.定语从句--形容词2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。改革开放30多年来，贫穷仍然是社会的一个沉重的话题。reformandopenuppolicy,povertySocial话题：question/problem/issue/topic6Sincereformandopenuppolicybeenadopted,povertyremainsaseriousissueinoursociety.3）表像系动词用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,例如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心。4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软。Thisflowersmellsverysweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如：Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后，他疯了。Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达证实，变成之意，例如：Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。（turnout表终止性结果例如：Heisolderthanhelooks．他比看上去要老。Heseeninterestedinthebook．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。Thestorysoundsinteresting．这个故事听起来有趣。Thedeskfeelshard．书桌摸起来很硬。Thecaketastesnice．饼尝起来很香。Theflowerssmellsweetandnice．花闻起来香甜。Youhavegrowntallerthanbefore．你长得比以前高了。Hehassuddenlyfallenill．他突然病倒了。Hestoodquitestill．7他静静地站看。Hebecomesateacherwhenhegrewup．他长大后当了教师。Hecouldneverturntraitortohiscountry．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如：Helookedmeupanddown．他上下打量我。Hereachedhishandtofeeltheelephant．他伸出手来摸象。Theyaretastingthefish．他们在品尝鱼。3．S十V十O句式在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt．)，因此有宾语。4．例如：IcanspeakEnglish.Ilikeshoppingverymuch.Isawafilmyesterday．我昨天看了一部电影。Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily．他们很容易找到他们的家。Theybuiltahouselastyear．他们去年建了一所房子。They‘veputupafactoryinthevillage．他们在村里建了一座工厂。Youshouldlookafteryourchildrenwell．你应该好好照看你的孩子。很多人强烈反对在小区的附近建立高危险性的化学工厂。Manypeoplegreatlyopposebuildingariskychemicalfactorynearthecommunity.Alarge/greatnumberofcitizensare8stronglyopposedthatahighlyriskychemicalfactorybebuiltaroundthecommunity.People:individuals/citizens/commonerOrdinarypeople很多人是不在小区附近建立高危险性的化工厂的强烈支持者。Manypeoplearethesolidsupportersofnotestablishingthehighriskychemicalfactorynearthecommunity.Agreatnumberofcitizensarethesupportersofnotestablishingthehighriskychemicalfactorynearourcommunity.Therebe...Alotofpeopleareagainstbuildingfactorynearyourhome.9Therearealotofpeopleopposingbuildingafactorynearyourhome.Itseemsthattherearealotofpeopleopposingbuildingafactorynearyourhome.Itseemsthatthereareagreatnumberofcitizensofallageswhoarethesolidproponentsthatahighlyriskychemicalfactoryshouldnotbeestablishedaroundourneighborhood.名词--添加修饰成分【形容词】1.形容词2.of3.定语从句动词--副词【状语-状语从句】104．S十V十O1十O2句式在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。例如：Shegivesmeanumbrella.Myteachershowsmeabeautifulpicture.互联网科技的发展给人们提供了前所未有的展示自我的平台/机会。发展带给人们机会。ThedevelopmentoftheInternettechnologybringspeopleunprecedented/unforeseeable/unparalleledchances.11Bring/ThedevelopmentoftheInternet/cybertechnologyhasbroughttheunprecedentedopportunitiesforpeopletoshowthemselves.经济的快速发展给当地的居民带来了巨大的实惠。Therapideconomicdevelopmenthasbroughthugebenefitstolocalresidents.5．S十V十O十C句式在此句式中，V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多，哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补，须根据动词的惯用法而定，不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。MystudentscallmeSnow.Ipaintthedeskpink.Theymadethegirlangry．他们使这个女孩生气了。Theyfoundherhappythatday．他们发现那天她很高兴。Ifoundhimout．我发现他出去了。Hefoundthedoctorofstudyclosedtohim．他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。12这条消息使得他很振奋。Thisnewsmadehimexcited.片面追求经济发展使得环境承受了前所未有的压力，遭受了不可逆转的破坏。毕业生发现因为经济的衰退就业市场很不景气。Thegraduatesfindthejobmarketfrustratingbecauseoftheeconomicrecession.一些人更加关心互联网的出现是否会使旅游业变得过时。Somepeoplearemoreconcernedthatwhethertheadventoftheinternetwillmaketheinternationaltourismobsolete/disappear.一些人担心互联网的出现会使旅游业过时。SomepeopleareconcernedthatInternetwillmake/renderinternationaltourismobsolete.Theexcessiveattentionpaidtotheeconomicdevelopmentmadetheenvironmentsufferfromunprecedentedpressureandirreversibledestruction.13Theimba