GRE-issue例子总结

我在准备issue过程中用到的查到的一些词及词组，我发现在引用例子的时候很多时候是知道用中文怎么说却常常被一个词的英文说法而难住了，所以我就一个个都查了出来，可能不能满足大家所有的要求，也希望对大家有点帮助吧，祝大家杀G成功：１）TheflightofApollo11;lunarlandingmission，阿波罗１１号的登月计划另外，Apollo13号的登月很惊险，大家可能都知道吧？看过电影“阿波罗１３”的人都知道这段历史吧？不知道的兄弟姐妹上百度搜一下就知道啦！，还有，“挑战者号”Challenger；哥伦比亚号Columbia２）杨氏双缝实验（大学物理讲过的，呵呵）：Young’double-slitexperiment，严格来说，这个实验是用classicaltheorycannotexplain，这里面涉及到quantumtheory，即量子理论，我不是学物理的，但是据我查的资料上说，其实人类对量子理论并没有完全地明白，也没法用它解释一切，这个观点我觉得可能用来说明人类的认识过程是由不知到知的认识过程，要用发展的眼光来看问题。３）火星登月计划：MarsExplorationRoverMissionwhichcosts$425millioneveryyearfortheassembly,testandlaunchprocesswhichisjustthesameamountasitcoststothefilmTitanicandPearlHarbor，哇，够狠，老美有钱！另外，moonrover是月球车的意思，同理Marsrover．４）ManhattanProject，曼哈顿计划，就是当年Einstein和Oppenheimer（奥本海默，这小子狠，被称为原子弹之父，一定要记住，这小子在听说美国在对Hiroshima，即日本广岛投原子弹之后，曾感叹自己当初不应该研制原子弹which给人类带来了灾难，科技与人性的题目能用到）５）多利Dolly，不用说了，我想顺着这只名羊提一提关于基因工程(geneticengineering)，转基因技术：transgenics，人体胚胎：humanembryo，ＤＮＡ分子双螺旋结构：thedouble-helixstructureofDNA,还有两个牛人，就是发现ＤＮＡ分子双螺旋结构的沃森和克里克,WastonandCrick６）二战纳粹德国在活人上做实验，用大量的犹太妇女人活体实验为的是研制避孕药（oralcontraceptive）７）关于丑闻：BillClinton’ssexualscandalwithMonicaLewinsky；Nixon’sWatergatescandal；兴奋剂：stimulant；猥亵（针对那个把自己黑皮染白的那个小子的）：v.molest;n.molestation；KobeBryantRapecase;８）垃圾邮件：不要再说junkmail啦，老土！有个更native的词：spam，记住哟！９）环境问题：氟利昂：freon，臭氧层：ozonosphere/ozonelayer，臭氧空洞：ozonehole；赤潮：redtide１０）关于美国总统：刺杀总统；岂今为止，美国一共有四位总统被刺杀，第一位是AbrahamLincoln,最后一位是JohnF.Kennedy，还有许多刺杀未遂的，比如刺杀Roosevelt，Truman等等，这可以被用来例子表明领导者不可能让每一个人都满意．另外，罗斯福是个残疾人，大家知道吧？脊髓灰质炎导致坐在轮椅上，不过他并不是小时候得的病，挺奇怪，小儿麻痹并不是像我们想象的那样只能小时候得谈到杜鲁门，我得多说一句，当年美国的曼哈顿计划是罗斯福批的，知道美国要研究原子弹的人并不多，甚至许多后来参加研制的科学家都不知道自己在从事什么研究工作，保密工作做的相当严密，以致后来罗斯福下台，杜鲁门上台的时候都不知道美国已经研制出了原子弹．１１）北美最大范围的停电：blackout(orpowerfailure)ineasternUSandCanada，人类对科技依赖的例证．１２）巨牛的深蓝电脑，就是下棋的那个DeepBlue，是IBM的电脑，有２５６个processor，另外IBM还有个别称BigBlue１３）直线加速器linearaccelerator，回旋加速器cyclotronaccelerator１４）永动机perpetualmotionmachine１５）名人AlbeitEinstein：photoelectroniceffect(光电效应)；questionclassicalmechanics,quantumtheory,不要墨守成规sticktoconventions,头脑要灵活，不能太固执adamant/obstinate/stubborn/headstrong，质能方程：mass-energyequationGalileo:didexperimentonLeaningTowerofPisatodiscoverlawofuniformaccelerationoffallingbodies;discoveredthatmoonshineswithreflectedlight;denouncedforadvocatingCopernicansystem;waslatertriedbyInquisition(宗教法庭)andforcedtorecant（改变信仰）;哥白尼Copernicus，日心说：sun-centeredsystem地心说：earth-centeredsystem，布鲁诺Bruno，火刑beburnedatstakeIsaacNewton：经典力学classicalmechanics,万有引力universalgravitation，beinspiredbythefallingapple;standontheshouldersofgiantsHegel黑格尔:1770－1831Germanphilosopher;hisdialecticprocessforreconcilingoppositesinfluencedExistentialists,Marx,etc.KarlMarx的辩证唯物主义来自于黑格尔的辩证法dialectic和费尔巴哈Feuerbach的唯物论VincentvanGogh：梵高，作品sunflowerMonet莫奈作品sunriseStevenHawking:Britishtheoreticalphysicistnotedforhisresearchintotheoriginoftheuniverse.Hisworkinfluencedthedevelopmentofthebigbang（宇宙大爆炸理论）andblackhole（黑洞）theoryMandela（曼德拉）,（struggleagainstsegregationinSouthAfrica）theSouthAfricanblackpoliticalleaderandformerpresident,wasawarded1993NobelPeacePrizeforhiseffortstoantiracismandantiapartheid.NelsonMandelaisoneofthegreatmoralandpoliticalleadersofourtime:aninternationalherowhoselifelongdedicationtothefightagainstracialoppressioninSouthAfricawonhimtheNobelPeacePrizeandthepresidencyofhiscountry.Sincehistriumphantreleasein1990frommorethanaquarter-centuryofimprisonment,Mandelahasbeenatthecentreofthemostcompellingandinspiringpoliticaldramaintheworld.Heisreveredeverywhereasavitalforceinthefightforhumanrightsandracialequality.Beethoven,theGermanComposer,begantolosehishearingin1801andwasentirelydeafby1819.However,thisobstaclecouldnotkeephimfrombecomingoneofthemostfamousandprolificcomposersinarthistory.Hismusic,including9symphonies,5pianoconcertos,severalsenatesandsoon,formsatransitionfromclassicaltoromanticcomposition.Individual,Companies,LeadershipandInternalcontrolDiscriminatingservicesmaycausemisunderstandingandunpleasantresult.Thebestexampleis[Toshiba|,oneofthelargestJapanesecompanies.In2000,theCompanyannouncedthatamongnotebookcomputersitproduced,onemodelhadseriousdefect.UsersinNorthAmericacouldchooseeitherreplacementswithanupgradedmodelorfullrefund.However,nosuchofferforusersinChina.Chineseuserswereoutragedatthecompany'sdiscriminationandrefusedtouseanyofToshiba'snotebookcomputers.Whatthecompanylostisnotonlythetemporaryrevenuebutalsotheconsumer'sconfidence,whichcontributetothelong-termsuccessofthecompany.Roosevelt:the32ndpresidentandtheonlypresidentelectedfor4thterms(1933-45);developedreformsandprojectsknownastheNewDeal.Underhissagaciousleadership,AmericasuccessfullywalkedouttheshadowofRecessionandconqueredthenotoriousfascismintheSecondWorldWar.AndaccordingtoapollconductedatHarvardin1950,RooseveltishighlyrenownedasoneofthegreatestpresidentofAmerican,rankingonlyafterWashingtonandLincoln.Washington:1stpresidentoftheU.S.(1789-1797);establishedmanyprecedentsthatpermanentlyshapedthecharacteroftheofficeofpresident;universallyregardedasfatherofhiscountry.AbrahamLincoln:16thpresidentoftheU.S.(1861-65);successfullypreservedtheUnionduringthe