初中英语 延续与非延续性动词的现在完成时

延续动词与非延续动词动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词、短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。用法：１、它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在．e.g.Hehascomeback.Thefilmhasbegun.2、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰．e.g.Ihaven’theardfromUncleWangforalongtime.Wehaven’tseenhimsince1992.3、还可改用一般过去时来表达．e.g.Hecamebackaweekago.4、也可用“Itis﹢一段时间﹢since…”句型来表达．e.g.Itisaweeksincehecameback.非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：①、用相应的延续性动词；buy------have,borrow-----keep,puton------wear,catch/getacold------haveacold,come/go/become------be.②、转换成be﹢名词;jointheParty------beaPartymember,jointhearmy------beasoldier,gotoschool------beastudent.③、转换成be+介词短语:gotoschool------beinschool,jointhearmy------beinthearmy.④、转换成be+adj./adv.:die------bedead,finish------beover,begin/start------beon,leave(…)------beaway(from),close------beclosed,open------beopen,fallasleep------beasleep.Themeetingstarted15minutesago.Themeetinghasbeenonfor15minutes.Thetrainlefthalfanhourago.Thetrainhasbeenawayforhalfanhour.Hebegantoteachhere16yearsago.Hehastaughtherefor16years.JamesstartedtoworkforMAPAdvertisinglastyear.JameshasworkedforMAPAdvertisingforayear.Hestartedtoplaychessattheageoffive.Hestartedtoplaychesswhenhewasfive.Hehasplayedthechesssincehewasfive.Hehasplayedthechessforsevenyears.Istartedtoworkhere15yearsago.Ihaveworkedheresince15yearsago.Ihaveworkedherefor15years.TheymovedtoParistwoyearsago.Theyhavelivedherefortwoyears.Theyhavelivedheresincetwoyearsago.1.Iboughtthebooktwodaysago.Ihavehadthebookfortwodays.2.Heborrowedthebookthreemonthsago.Hehaskeptthebooksince3monthsago.3.IgottoknowJane2yearsago.IhaveknownJanefor2years.4.IjoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.IhavebeenaLeaguememberfor3years.Eg.巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词）１.LiLeijoinedthePartythreeyearsago.LiLeitheParty___threeyearsago.LiLeitheParty__threeyears.threeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.ThreeyearsLiLeijoinedtheParty.2.MyfatherleftGuchenglastweek.MyfatherGuchenglastweek.MyfatherGuchengaweek.hasbeeninsincehasbeeninforIt’ssincehaspassedsincehasbeenawayfromsincehasbeenawayfromfor3.Thefactoryopenedin1996.Thefactorytenyears.Thefactorysince1996.4.Hisgrandfatherdiedfiveyearsago.Hisgrandfathersince.Hisgrandfatherfiveyears.fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.Fiveyearshisgrandfatherdied.HasbeenopenforHasbeenopenhasbeendeadforhasbeendeadhaspassedsinceIt’ssincefiveyearsago5.Mr.WangreachedBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfivedaysago.Mr.WangBeijingfivedays.6.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilmfor.Thefilmsince.7.Kenjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Kenhas_____________fortwoyears.Kenhas_______thearmyfortwoyears.Hasbeeninsincehasbeeninforhasbeenontenminuteshasbeenontenminutesagobeenasoldierbeenin8.Thefilmbegan10minutesago.Thefilmhas________for10minutes.9.Igotacoldtwodaysago.Ihave____acoldsincetwodaysago.10.Thefilmfinished5minutesago.Thefilmhas________for5minutes.11.Themancameheretenminutesago.Themanhas____herefor10minutes.12.LindaandFrank(got)marriedin1989.They_________________since1989.beenonhadbeenoverbeenhavebeenmarried13.Helefthishometown10yearsago.Hehas_______________hishometownsince10yearsago/for10years.14.Myfatherboughtanewcartwoyearsago.Myfather_________anewcar____twoyears.Myfather__________anewcar_____twoyearsago.15.Tomborrowedthisbookfourdaysago.Tom__________thisbook_____fourdays.Tom___________thisbook_____fourdaysago.beenawayfromhashadforhashadsincehaskeptforhaskeptsince16.JimjoinedtheLeaguelastyeas.Jim________aLeaguemember____ayear.Jim_______________theLeague_____lastyear.17.TheycametoChinatenyearsago.They_____________China_____tenyears.They_______________China_____tenyearsago.18.Mysonfellasleephalfanhourago.Myson______________for____________.Myson______________since_______________.hasbeenforhasbeeninsincehavebeeninforhavebeeninsincehasbeenasleephalfanhourhasbeenasleepHalfanhouragoTranslate1.你来深圳多久了？10年了。2.他没来上学，他已生病两天了。3.他入团一个月了HowlonghaveyoubeeninSZ?Fortenyears.(Ihavebeenherefortenyears)Hehasn’tcometoschool.Hehasbeenillfortwodays.HejoinedtheLeagueamonthago.HehasbeenaLeaguememberforamonth.4.我们1989年开始在这里工作。自从那时以来我们一直在这里工作。5.他们一小时前到达这里。他们已经到达这里一小时了。6.他上个月借了我得自行车。他已经借了近一个月了Webegantoworkherein1989.Wehaveworkedheresincethen.Theyarrivedhereanhourago.Theyhavebeenhereforanhour.Heborrowedmybikelastmonth.Hehaskeptitforalmostamonth.7.电影十分钟前开始的，已经放映十分钟了。8.你预定了票没有?定了.什么时候定的?刚才.9.他在一间汽车公司工作.他在那里工作已经有3年了.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Ithasbeenonfortenminutes.Haveyoubookedtheticket?Yes,Ihave.Whendidyoubookit?Justnow.Heworksforabuscompany.Hehasworkedthereforthreeyears.10.会议8点钟就开始了。已经开了一个半小时。11.我的小猫三年前死了。已经死了三年了我还是非常想它。Themeetingstartedat8,andithasbeenonforonehourandhalf.Themeetinghasbeenonforanhourandhalfsince8o’clock.Mycatdiedthreeyearsago.Istillmissitthoughithasbeendeadforthreeyears.12.他三年前买了电脑,已经有这部电脑三年了Heboughtthecomputerthreeyearsago.Hehashadthecomputerforthreeyears.13.Tony两个月前离开深圳.他已经离开深圳两个月了.TonyleftShenzhentwomonthsago.AndhehasbeenawayfromShenzhenfortwomonths.14.Anne去年入团.她当团员一年了.AnnejoinedtheLeaguela