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太康县CCAD-001人防指挥所混凝土工程冬季施工方案编制人:审核人:审批人:红旗渠建设集团有限公司日期:2015年12月7日共9页,第1页目录1.工程概况··································································22.编制依据··································································23.施工准备··································································23.1材料准备···································································23.2机具准备···································································23.3人员准备···································································23.4现场准备···································································23.5技术准备···································································34.施工方法··································································34.1混凝土的拌制································································34.2混凝土的运输································································44.3混凝土的浇筑································································44.4混凝土的养护································································65.混凝土的测温······························································65.1测点布置原则································································65.2测温方法···································································65.3测温要求···································································65.4大体积混凝土养护测温记录·······················································65.5混凝土拆模要求·······························································76.冬季施工的质量通病以及预防措施···········································86.1钢筋的锈蚀与混凝土裂缝·························································86.2结构疏散与水分转移····························································86.3表面起灰···································································86.4结晶腐蚀-混凝土表面返霜························································87.安全技术措施······························································88.质量保证措施······························································9共9页,第2页1工程概况2编制依据1.《建筑工程冬期施工规程》JGJ104-20112.《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB50204-20113.《混凝土外加剂应用技术规范》GB50119-20134.施工图纸及施工施工组织设计5.《建筑施工技术》3施工准备3.1材料准备3.1.1水泥:水泥标号为P.O.42.5级的普通硅酸盐水泥。此种水泥水化热比较低。水泥进场时必须有质量证明书及复试试验报告,并对其品种、标号、包装、出厂日期等检查验收。3.1.2砂:选用质地坚硬、级配良好的中砂,含泥量不大于3%。3.1.3石子:粒径0.5~2.5cm的级配碎石,混凝土大于等于C30时,含泥量不大于1%。3.1.4混凝土外加剂:选用早强剂型复合防冻剂,并应有减水、引气作用,含气量应控制在2%~4%。3.2机具准备主要冬施材料情况表序号冬施主要材料使用部位使用量1聚乙烯塑料布(0.8mm厚黑色)梁、柱、板模板包裹封闭保温及板面覆盖根据工程需要进场2塑料防水彩条布各层迎风面挡风封闭根据工程需要进场3保温草袋(草帘)各层板、柱、墙保温层根据工程需要进场410号铁丝保温层封闭层用根据工程需要进场5炭盆(φ800高1000)梁板下混凝土养护前期加温根据工程需要进场共9页,第3页6灭火器显要位置及有火源位置根据工程需要进场7块煤根据工程需要进场8温度计+100ºC~-50ºC根据工程需要购进9手电根据工程需要购进10φ25~50钢管梁、柱蒸汽法施工根据工程需要购进11φ25~50充气胶管梁、柱蒸汽法施工根据工程需要购进12锅炉设施蒸汽法施工根据工程需要购进3.3人员准备3.3.1进入冬季施工,项目部设专人负责测量温度,绘制测温点平面图,及时接收天气预报,防止突然的霜降、寒流对混凝土造成危害。并成立冬季施工领导小组,小组组成如下:组长:刑用生副组长:栗荣喜成员:李辉、王金魁、李红、张劲松、邵珊珊现场设天气预报公布栏,并做好室内测温记录,测温工作、试验工作分别由专人负责,在冬期施工开始之前对测温人员进行培训后方可上岗工作。测温人员对每日大气温度、混凝土温度进行观测记录。测温时间和所测温度值详细记录,整理归档。冬施期间设置二名专职测温人员,分两班,7时~19时为第一班,19时~次日7时为第二班,每24小时测四次,分别在2时、8时、14时、20时。3.4现场准备3.4.1根据本工程冬期施工内容,平衡各工种冬期劳动力的配置,安排大、中型机械的使用计划。3.4.2掌握冬期施工所需各项物资的供应情况,做好物资的及时供应。3.4.3做好现场用于施工、维护、保温等设施的维护和保管工作,防止发生冻害。3.4.4施工班组要备好冬期防寒服、防寒帽、防寒手套,保证工人必须的劳保用品,以安全度过冬期。3.4.5现场周边上水管、阀门、等用岩棉做好保温工作。3.4.6清理场区道路,排除积水,做好场地积雪的清扫准备,截断流入现场的水源,严格控制临水的用水量,避免遍地结冰。3.4.7保证消防道路畅通,要及时清除建筑垃圾及废旧材料,模板及钢筋的堆放严禁共9页,第4页占用道路。3.4.8大型机械要做好冬期施工所需油料的储备和工程机械润滑油的更换补充以及其它检修保养工作,以便在冬施期间运转正常。3.4.9木工房、钢筋加工区、简易库房等进行全面检查维修,做到不漏不塌。冬期办公室、职工宿舍及值班室取暖采用电取暖或用自建2.5t锅炉烧煤集中供暖。3.5技术准备3.5.1冬施前组织全体员工学习冬施基本知识和JGJ104-2011相关内容,对负责技术、测温、养护及消防工作的专职人员进行专业技术培训,经考核及格后,安排上岗。组织人员培训掌握工作要点。3.5.2了解当天天气预报和测温人员做测温报告,做出预防天气突变的防范措施。3.5.3根据混凝土养护测温记录,推算混凝土强度增长情况,决定同条件试块试压时间,混凝土拆模时间以及拆模后混凝土外表面的保温措施。3.5.4检查保温措施实施情况。3.5.5检查冬施安全措施执行情况,重点是:电气设备使用、消防安全。3.5.6对混凝土浇筑过程中和完成后的覆盖保温做详细技术交底,包括覆盖顺序、方向、覆盖物横竖的使用,以及重点部位,散热较快部位的保温方法。3.5.7检查与落实:在进入冬期施工前,对冬施的准备工作进行一次全面检查,检查物资的准备情况,人员的培训交底情况,现场准备情况及作业条件等,要严格落实冬施方案,建立检查落实方案的制度。4施工方法4.1混凝土的拌制4.1.1冬施用于搅拌混凝土的砂、石、水泥均应保持正温。采用P.O.42.5级的普通硅酸盐水泥,用暖棚存放,并不得直接接触80℃以上的热水。水泥不得直接加热。4.1.2拌制混凝土采用加热水的方法,水温不大于60℃,若达不到热工计算的要求,则采用骨料加热法,骨料的加热温度不得超过40℃,具体温度值由热工计算确定。4.1.3骨料必须清洁,不得含有冰、雪等冻结物及易冻裂的矿物质,含泥量不得超过规定值,掺含钾、钠离子早强型防冻剂时,混凝土中不得混有活性骨料。4.1.4严格控制水灰比,不得大于0.6,每立方米混凝土水泥用量不少于300kg,由骨料带入的水分及外加剂溶液中的水分均应从拌和水中扣除。4.1.5外加剂采用无盐类防冻剂,大体积混凝土加用引气剂或引气减水剂,配置防冻剂溶液要有专人负责,严格控制防冻剂等外加剂的掺量。外加剂必须使用符合设计规范规共9页,第5页定,并经公司中心试验室的同意,并符合《混凝土外加剂应用技术规范》的规定,方准使用。4.1.6混凝土拌制前,应用热水冲洗搅拌机,混凝土搅拌时间取常温搅拌时间的1.5倍,在搅拌过程中为防止水泥出现“假凝”现象,应在水、砂子、石子搅拌一定时间后再加入水泥。混凝土的运距要尽量缩短,同时要做好混凝土罐车及泵管的保温工作。4.1.7要求混凝土出搅拌机的温度不低于10℃,入模温度不低于5℃。混凝土拌合水温度应控制在50℃,骨料温度控制在30℃。4.1.8拌制掺用防冻剂的混凝土,当防冻剂为粉剂时,按要求直接撒在水泥上面和水泥同时投入;但防冻剂为液体时,应先配制成规定浓度溶液,然后再根据使用要求,用规定浓度溶液再配制成施工溶液。4.2混凝土的运输4.2.1由于混凝土是商品混凝土,场外运输是采用混凝土搅拌运输车,由商品混凝土搅拌站运至现场。在运输过程中,要通过计算来确定每次浇筑所需配备的运输车台数,来确保现场混凝土浇筑要连续进行,避免出现在施工过程出现的自然施工缝。场内混凝土运输采用塔吊和混凝土输送泵来完成垂直和水平运输,使混凝土运输到混凝土的浇筑面。4.2.2混凝土运输罐车到达率必须保证每台地泵至少有一台罐车等待浇筑,现场与搅拌站必须保持密切的联系,随时根据浇筑进度及道路情况调整车辆密度,并设专人管理指挥,以免车辆相互拥挤阻塞。4.3混凝土的浇筑4.3.1作业条件:1.对于已浇下层混凝土墙、柱根部,在支设本层墙柱模板前,要清除水泥浮浆和松动石子以及软弱混凝土层,并将墙柱内的渣土用高压空气清理干净。2.浇筑混凝土层段的模板、钢筋、预埋件及管线等全部安装完毕,检查和控制模板、钢筋、保护层和预埋件等的尺寸、规格、数量和位置,其偏差值应符合《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》的规定。检查模板支撑的稳定性以及接缝的密合情况,浇筑前应将模板内的垃圾、泥土等杂物及钢筋上的油污清除干净,并检查钢筋的混凝土垫块或塑料卡是否垫
本文标题:混凝土工程冬季施工方案
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