考研写作强化班-刘晓艳

考研写作课程刘晓艳一课程设置•作文概述•单词•句子•句子的改写和扩写•段落论述•文章一写作概述•写作题型，评分原则和方法•1题型•2原则和方法•黄金原则一书写工整，卷面整洁，字迹清晰•黄金原则二语言第一，结构第二内容第三•二）考研写作常见问题•1单词常见问题：•A单词匮乏，重复使用；•B编造词汇；•dreamboat、tomypoint，accordingtomyopinion•C用词不准确•D语域问题•a缩写词非正式•b泛指的不定代词youone•youneverknowwhatmeasuresthepresidentwilltake.•C正式问题的引导词that不能省略。•d做定语或状语的短语•themanstandinginthecornerlookssofunny.•hecriedwitharoseinhishands.–e插入语使句子更具正式性•E拼写错误•2.语法常见问题：•A、单复数问题：老师就像油灯一样•B、冠词使用问题•C、主谓一致问题：•D、时态一致问题：•E、词性误用问题•F.中文思维的问题•G并列结构不一致的问题•二）结构上的问题•结构指的是段落的安排和句子之间的衔接和连贯•1缺少连词•2乱用连词•3随意分段•三）内容上的问题•文章偏题或无内容可写。•抓住个别细节进行错误引申提纲规定的内容漏写•论述空洞宽泛二节写作满分表达和练习•一）简单句•1.被动•1)当汉语用人们，我们或有人作主语时；•2)汉语的无主句也喜欢用•我们应该孝敬父母；•Parentsshouldberespectedbyus.•Should•Oughtto•Besupposedto•BeobligedtoWe:•thepublic•privateindividualsthefolk•youngstersteenagersparents•expertsandprofessors•allchildrenandadults•allhumanbeings•menandwomeninallwalks•我们不应该盲目追星；•Superstarsshouldnotbepursuedblindlybyus.•Not•Never•Seldom•Bynomeans•Failto•污染很严重•pollutionisthoughtvery•seriousbyanincreasingamountofprivateindividuals•Think•Holdargue•Contendassumepresume•Insistmaintainassertclaim•Beoftheopinionthat•Havebeenconvincedthat•Clingtotheperspectivethat•Very•Prettyquiterather•Distinctlyoutstandingly•Remarkablyexceedingly•Especiallyextraordinarily•Enormously•serious•Graveseverefearful•Beofgreatseverity•二）therebe句型••Therearemanyreaonsexplainthephenomenon.••Be•Looksmelltastefeelsound•Seemproveappearexist•Becomeget•Keepremain•Many•Aseaof•ahostofamultitudeof•Atrainof•anarmyof•Immenseamountsof•Numerousinnumerable•Abundantplentiful•Causes•Factors•elements•explain•accountfor•leadtogiveriseto•contributeto•Beresponsiblefor•Thereislittledoubtthat•Therearethosewhoclaimthat•Thereisstrongevidencetoshowthat•Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessaroundtheworldthat•Thereexist/remain/appear/prove•3比较结构•1）as…as…•Liuisverygraceful;•Liulooksasgracefulasaredredrose,•whocantakemanypeople’sbreathaway.••他很丑•Heisasuglyasanstandingtoad,•Whichcanmakemanypeoplestoptolookathim.•练习：英语很重要•Englishisasessentialasairandwater,•whichplaysakeyroleinourdailylife.•Important•Vital•Significantessential•Indispensable•Playakeyroleinsth•Beofgreatimportance•污染很严重•PollutionisasseriousasAIDS/earthquakes,•whichcanthreatenpatientshealthoreventaketheirlivesaway.•2)themore…themore…•你爬的越远，你看的越高•Themorefartheroneclimbs,themorehigheronesees.。•越努力，越幸运。•Themorehardereveryprivateindividualare,themoreluckilytheywillfeel.•练习：我们花越多的时间追星，我们用在学习上的时间就越少•Themoretimestudentsspendinpursuingstars,Thelesstimetheyuseonstudy.•.我们越自信，越容易取得成功•themoreconfidentmenandwomen•inallwalkskeep,•themoreeasilytheyachiecegreatsuccess.•我们越快的采取措施，这个问题越能得到有效的解决•Themorequickauthoritiestakemeasures,themoreeffectivetheissuewillberesolved•Takemeasures•Takesteps/action•SolveResolveSettle•Dealwithcopewith•Problem:•Issue•Phenomenon•matter二并列句•1.常见的连词•Andbut•Likewisesimilarlyequally•atthesametime•Inthemeanwhile••converselybycontrast,onthecontrary,contrarily,•unexpectedlyunfortunately•nevertheless•描述图画的分类•1.一幅图•1）一个主体，两个动作•2）两个主体，两个动作•2.两幅图描述图画•踢老父亲•Inthepicture,theeldestsoniskickingouttheoldfather.Atthesametime,theother3ones•Arekeepingguard.•练习：温室•Intheformerpicture,Alittleflowerisgrowinghealthyinthegreenhouse,onthecontrary,inthelatterone,itiswitheringinthestorm.•Picture•Cartoon•drawing•Painting•Caricature•photograph•描述：追星•Intheformerphoto,amaniswritingthenameofBonhisface.Atthesametime,anotheryoungsterisspending300makinghishairintoB’’style.•Havesthdone•Havehishaircutintob’sstyle并列结构二•Notonly…butalso…•养宠物的好处•减少我们的孤单？•Reduceloneliness•培养我们的爱心？•Cultivateourloveheart.raisingpetscannotonlyreducelonelinessbutalsocancultivateourloveheart.whatisworseisthatIforgotmybook.•为什么孝敬父母•中华民族的传统美德•子女的义务•RespectingparentskeepsnotonlyaChineseconventionalvirtuebutalsoprovesthedutyoftheiroffspring.•为什么自信重要？•Confidencenotonlycanmakeyoufindmorehappinessinyourlifebutalsocanhaveyoumakemorefriends.三复合句•一）主语从句•thatyouneverfailtofascinatemeisobvious.•It…that…•Itiscommonknowledgethat•Itismybeliefthat•Itisself-evidentthat•Ithasbeenfoundthat•Itisbeyonddisputethat•Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat•Ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthat•Itisgenerallyagreedthat•更好的主语从句的变体？？•Whatseemsgenerallyagreedisthat…•二）同位语和同位语从句•1名词做同位语•1）Myboyfriendreallyhasnomuchtimetoaccompanyme•arichbusinessman•2）Environmentalpollutionhasbecomeincreasinglyserious•aproblemthreateninghuman’sexistence•3）aboywritesthenameofbeckhamonhisface.•acrazyfootballfan•thesymbolofsomeone•aworldwidefamousstar•apartofthebody••4)练习自信很重要；•Confidencekeepsessentialinoursuccess.•Anactivementality•2同位语从句：•她长着一副大眼睛这个事实表明她是一个美女；•Theevidencethatshewearsapairofbigeyesmanifeststhatsheisreallyabeauty.•温室里的花朵不能经受风雨这个事实表明，父母不应该溺爱孩子；•Theevidencethattheflowerinthegreenhousefailtoundergostormmanifestthatchildrenshouldneverbespoiledbytheirparents•为什么说合作很重要•Theevidencethatcooperationcanmakeusgetalotofsuccessindicatesthatitisdefinitelynecessarywhenwefacedifficulties.•Makesbdosth•Have/getsbdosth•Enablesbtodosth•污染使我们失去了新鲜的空气这个事实表明这个问题越来越严重了。•Theevidencethatpollutionmakeuslosefreshairsuggeststhatithasbecomeincreasinglyserious.•文化交流能让我们更多的了