英语初二升初三衔接

第一章八年级知识点复习1.系动词表示不完全谓语关系的动词，本身有含义，但是不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语一起构成谓语，称为系表结构。形容词，名词及动词不定式（todo）都可以做表语。系动词有三类：A.be动词：amisarewaswereB.表示感官类的动词：looksmellsoundfeeltasteC.表示变化类的词：go(变得…)getbecomegrowturnkeepstaye.g.Ifeelterrible.Thefoodwentbad.Theweatherbecomeswarmerandwarmer.Theleavesturngreen.2.使役动词make/let的用法make的常用句型：a.make+宾语+n：使…成为…Theymadehimcaptain.b.make+宾语+adj.：使…处于某种状态：Eatingtoomuchmadehimill.c.make+宾语+v：使人做某事:Doingexercisemakesuskeepfit.Let的常用句型：a.let+宾语+v:让某人做某事：Hedoesn’tletherdrinkwine.b.let+宾语+adv：Lethimout.c.let+宾语+conj：Wholethimintotheroom?3.动词不定式：to+动词原形（to有时可省）不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not.E.g.Momtoldmenottosmoke.不定式可以和疑问词what,how,where,which,when,who连用。（why不用）e.g.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebank?Ican’tdecidewhichtobuy?在复合句与简单句之间的转换，也可用这种句型：e.g.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonexttime.=Idon’tknowwhattodonexttime.不定式在句子中除了谓语之外，可充当任何句子成分。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.(做主语)Hisjobistosavepeopleindanger.(作表语)Iwanttotakepartinthemeeting.(作宾语)It做形式主语的句型A.It+adj+forsb.+todosthB.It+adj.+that从句C.Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.e.g.Itisnecessaryforustoeathealthily.Itisnecessarythatweshouldeathealthily.Ittookmethreehourstofinishmyworkyesterday.It做宾语和形式宾语可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求、选择、同意(ask,choose,agree)，期望、决定、学习(expect,hope,decide,learn)，宁可、假装、知道(prefer,pretend,know)，希望、想要、愿意(wish,want,wouldlike/love)。如：1)Wedecidedtotalktosomestudentsaboutwhytheygothere.2)Hepreferstoeatwhitebreadandrice.动词feel,find,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel/find/make/...it+adj./n.+todo...。如：Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.1.“Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?”“I’dlikemyparents.”A.tovisitB.visitC.visiting2.—What’syourplanforthesummerholidays?—I’venoidea,butI’vedecidedathome.A.stayB.tostayC.stayedD.staying3.Lastweekourgeographyteachertoldusmoreinformationabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment.A.getB.gotC.togetD.getting4.Ourheadmasteraskedusareportonhowtoprotectwildanimals.A.writeB.writingC.towriteD.wrote5.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?—Itmakesmeveryproud.A.feltB.tofeelC.feelingD.feel6.IttookherhalfanhourtheWaterParkbybuslastSunday.A.getstoB.gettoC.togettoD.gettingto7.It’sdangerousforyouthattalltree.A.climbB.toclimbC.climbingD.climbed8.—Mybrotherisillinhospital.—I’msorrythat.A.hearB.hearingC.heardD.tohear9.moreinformationaboutthetrip,youcangoto.A.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.Found10.SomechildrenarearguingaboutwhatTVprograms.A.watchingB.forwatchingC.towatchD.willwatch11.It’swrong________not________heraletter.A.ofyou;towriteB.foryou;writingC.ofyou;writingD.foryou;write12.—I’msorry,I_____myexercisebookathome.—Don’tforget_____ittoschooltomorrow,please.A.forget;totakeB.left;tobringC.forget;tobringD.left;totake13.Beforeyougoabroad,youneed________abouttablemannersinthatcountry.A.knewB.knownC.toknowD.knowing14.Ineedsomepaper________.A.towriteB.towriteonC.towriteinD.writein15.—Ihavenopens________.Couldyoupleaselendmeone?—Sure.Hereyouare.A.towriteB.towritedownC.towritewithD.towritein16.—Doyouthinkourfootballteamwillwinthematch?—Yes,wehavebetterplayers.SoI__themtowin.A.hopeB.askC.helpD.expect17.Iamallowed______until12:00ontheeveningoftheSpringFestival.A.stayupB.tostayupC.stayingupD.tostayingup18.CarscausemostofBeijing’sairpollution.Sothe“NoCarDay”campaign（活动）asksBeijingdrivers________theircarsathomeonedayeachmonth.A.leaveB.leavingC.toleaveD.tobeleft19.—Doyoulikesports?—Sure.I’mlookingforwardto_________the29thOlympicGames_____inBeijingonTV.A.watch;toholdB.watching;beingheldC.watch;heldD.watching;tobeheld20.Goodmannersusuallyhelppeopleto________eachother.A.getonwellwithB.getstartedC.befriendlyD.gettogether.4.状语从句状语从句的时态：“主过从过，主将从现”，另外，主句如果用一般现在时，从句也用现在时1)时间状语从句：用句子来表达一个事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。a.引导词when/while:当…时，有时可互换使用，when既可以接延续性动词，也可接短暂性动词。而while只可接延续性动词e.g.Thestudentsweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.Whilethestudentsweretalking,theteachercamein.IamwatchingTVwhileheiscooking.b.引导词until:直到…为止Iwillstayhereuntiltherainstops,not…until:直到…才…:Iwillnotleavehereuntiltherainstops.assoonas:一…就…Assoonasthebellrings,thestudentswillgointotheclassroom.C引导词before，after,since(自从)ItistenyearssinceIstudiedEnglish.2)条件状语从句：引导词if（如果）,aslongas（只要）e.g.Iwon’tgoifhedoesn’tgo.Ifpeopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweraccidents.Ifyoustudyhard,youcancatchupwithothers.3)原因状语从句：引导词because,since(既然),as(由于)Ididthatbecausehetoldmeto.如果表述的原因是人们已知的事实，就用sinceSinceyoucan\tanswerthequestion,youcanasksomeoneforhelp.4)目的状语从句：引导词sothat,inorderthat(为了)，主句谓语常含有情态动词。ImustgetupearlysothatIcancatchthetrainontime.当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用soasto,inorderto改写同义句。Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecansucceed.=Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.5)结果状语从句：引导词so…that…,such…that…,sothat(所以)So+adj.+that…/so+n.+that…e.g.Heissokindthathealwayshelpspeopleintrouble.Heissuchakindpersonthathealwayshelpspeopleintrouble.It’sahotdaysothatwebothwanttoswiminthesea.6)让步状语从句：引导词though，although，eventhough、evenif，wh-ever类（无论…）e.g.Although/thoughsheworksveryhard,shemakesslowprogress.Ihaveabitheadache,it’snothingmuch,though.Eventhough/evenifyousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.WheneverI’munhappy,myfriendscheermeon.()1.Themeetingdidn'tstart__