汉英商务翻译课件-新1

UnitOne翻译原则与技巧一.翻译原则1.忠实原则,即信息对等而不是语意对等原文:每年的两届交易会,把全国几乎所有的外贸公司和出口商品集中起来,统一到广州展出,成交,减少了我们到国外推销的支出,外商也可以只派少数人到会选购,不必花大人力到我各口岸寻找生意,节省了买卖双方的费用,深受国外经营各种商品的中小客商的欢迎.译文ThebiannualGuangzhouFairisattendedbyalmostforeigntradecompaniesinChinaandpresentsagreatnumberofexportcommoditiestobuyersfromabroad.Manytransactionsareconcludedatthefair.Assellersandbuyerscanallgatherinoneplacetoconducttradetalks,thefairapparentlysavesthemagreatdealoftimeandmoney.ThisexplainswhytheGuangzhouFairhaslongbeenpopularamongoverseastraders.2.准确原则---选词准确,概念表达准确,数码单位准确.如:保税区≠Freetradezone保税仓库≠Tarriff-freewarehouse再如:客商从开发区企业分得的利润汇出境外时,免征所得税.ProfitsgainedbytheinvestorsandbusinessmenfromtheDevelpopmentZoneenterpriseswillbeexemptedfromtaxwhenremittedoutofChina.如贵方能将尿素报价降至每吨1200美元,我们可以订购150至180吨.译文:IfyoucanreduceyourpriceofUreato1,200dollarsperton,wemayconsiderplacinganorderof150-180tons.3.统一原则译名,概念,术语应始终保持统一,不能随意改变译名.如:基本建设≠basicconstruction基本价格≠basicprice4.文化融入注意文化因素---了解中西方文化差异灵活采用归化以目标语的行文规则来衡量---得体性I.中西文化的差异1)思维方式的不同中国文化重权威与历史,西方重现实与事实---偏实用.(刘季春,实用翻译教程,P302)中国文化重整体,西方偏分析性思维（同上）2)语言的不同中国语言重修饰,偏笼统与含糊,西方语言重具体和准确.(陈宏薇等,新编汉英翻译教程,上海外语教育出版社,2004)谦辞在许多场合被采用,体现了中国文化背景下语用特征之一.错误译例:(LinellDavis,DoingCulture:Across-culturalCommunicationAction,中西文化之鉴,外语教学与研究出版社）译例1.WelcometoJNCommercialDistrictNanjingisacityofancientcapitalswiththePurpleMountainsoaringintheeastandtheeverflowingYangtzeRiverrunningthroughTheEnglishtranslationreflectsthepoeticqualityoftheopeningoftheChineseversionThispartofChinaisknownasSouthernJiangsu.Itisalandoftreasure,ofculturalrelics,ofnumerouslegendsandalandofmarvels.AndNanjing,capitaloftheProvince,isthecentralmetropolisonthemidandlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver.AWesternaudienceneedsprecisegeographicorientation.Rewrirte:“SouthernJiangsuProvinceislocatedattheintersectionoftwoofthemostprosperousandrapidlyudevelopingareasofChina,theEastCoastandtheYangtzeRiverValley”Tothesoutheastofthismoderncityliesitscloseneighbor,JNCountyofJiangsuProvince,oneofthetophundredcountiesinChinaintermsofoveraleconomicstrength.Withanareaof1600squarekilometers,JNcountysurroundsNanjingonthreesides,andiscloselyintegratedintothecity.Thecountyenjoysalonghistory,awell-developedeconomy,beautifulenvironmentandrichnaturalandhumanresources.Numerousdataisnotpresentedeffecitvely.Givedatathatdemonstrateseconomicstrengthtosupporttheclaimthatitisatopcounty.GivepopulationofNanjingandJNcounty.Givealldataingraphicform.Dr.SunYatsen,leaderofmodernChinesedemocraticrevolution,oncestayedinNanjingandheremarked,”Thisisapieceoflandrarelytobefoundamongtheworld’smetropolises.Itwillsurelyenjoyabrightandboundlessfuture.RemarksaboutDr.SunYatsenarenotresponsivetotheaudience.ToAmericansheisnotanauthorityoneconomicdevelopment.Thestatementisidealizedandtoogeneral.Coveringanareaof38hectares,JNcommercialDistricthasatitsbackDonshanHillwhichishistoricalinterest,andissurroundedonitsthreesidesbythefamousQinghuaiRiver.ToitseastwecanfindChina’slargesthigh-techagriculturaldevelopmentzoneandthelargestgoldfoilproducer;borderingonitswestistheNationalJNEconomicDevelopmentZone.Toitssouthistheprovince’sfirstprivate-runHighTechIndustrialParkThelocalfameofQinghuaiRiverisnotrelevant.Potentialinvestorswanttoknowifitisscenic(touristdevelopment)ornavigable(transportation)NumeroustouristattractionsarewithineasyreachofJNCommercialDistrict.Ifyouheadeast,adozenkilometresdrivewillbringyoutotheworldrenownedDr.SunYat-SenMausoleumandtheeasternsuburbsofNanjing,abeautifulplacetovisitatanytimeoftheyearTheinformationabouttouristattractionsisonlyrelevantifthereisaplantodeveloptourismintheDistrict.Thescriptincludesmuchmoreonthistopic.Itseemstoexpresslocalprideandadesiretobegoodhoststoforeignguests.GreatlyencouragedbyDengXiaoping’sSouthChinain1992,thepeopleofJNweredeterminedtocompletethecommercialDistrictinfiveyearstime.Infact,theDistrictisatotallynewareainDongshanTown.Itslayoutiswell-planned,withbusinessfacilities,officeandhotelbuildings,residentialquarters,restaurantsandentertainmentcenters.Itisreallyahardjobtoaccomplishtocompleteatotallynewdistrictwithinfiveyearswithoutoutsideinvestment.PeopleofJNrealizedthattoattractinvestors,theyhadtoprovidethebasicfacilities....Chinesepoliticaleventsarenotmeaningfultoforeigninvestors.Stressresults:“Thedistrictwasbuiltinfiveyearsandnowincludes...(specificdetails).”Thepurposeistopersuadepotentialinvestors,sostresstheroleofinvestmentandthebenefittoinvestors:“Investorswhotookadvantageoftheopportunityenjoyedthebenefitsthatgotothosewhoarethefirsttoenteramarket.”译例2人们根据瀑布的声和形，予它诗一样的名字，诸如九龙潭，人字瀑，百丈瀑，鸣弦泉，三叠泉、铁线泉、钵盂泉等等。（《黄山》，北京，中国旅游出版社）Poeticnamesaregiventothesewaterfallsaccordingtotheirsoundsandshapes,suchasNine-DragonWaterfall,人-shapedWaterfall,Hundred-ZhangWaterfall,SingingStringSpring,Three–sectionWaterfall,Iron-lineSpring,AlmsBowlSpring.译例3YangshuoisoneofChina’smostfamousscenicareas,withhundredsofKarsttowersrisingmajesticallyfromlushpaddyfieldandserpentinerivers.AccordingtooneEmperor,theregionisthemostbeautifulplaceunderheaven.(阳朔简介译例4由于时间仓促,作者水平有限,书中疏漏在所难免,欢迎广大读者批评指正.Duetolimitoftim