基于MatlabSimulink的电力变换电路仿真论文

摘要MATLAB是一种科学计算软件，它是一种以矩阵为基础的交互式程序计算语言。SIMULINK是基于框图的仿真平台，它挂接在MATLAB环境上，以MATLAB的强大计算功能为基础，以直观的模块框图进行仿真和计算。本文主要以MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件为基础，完成了对整流电路、斩波电路和交流调压电路的建模与仿真，并且给出了仿真结果波形，同时根据仿真结果进行了分析和计算。证实了该方法的简便直观、高效快捷和真实准确性。本研究还设计并建立了图形用户界面（GUI），以方便打开各个仿真模型。关键词：Matlab/Simulink；建模；仿真；整流电路；斩波电路；交流调压电路ABSTRACTMATLABisasoftwareforscientificcomputation,whichisamatrix-basedinteractivelanguageforprogrammingandcalculating.SIMULINKisasimulationplatformbasedonblockdiagram,whicharticulatesintheMATLABenvironmentandisbasedonthepowerfulcomputingcapabilities.SIMULINKcompletesthesimulationandcalculationusingtheintuitionistblockdiagram.Thispapermainlyintroducesthemodelingandsimulatingoftherectifiercircuit,choppercircuitandACvoltage-modulatingcircuit,basedonMATLAB/SIMULINKsimulationsoftware,andthewavesofsimulatingresultandtheanalogandcalculationofthewavesisdiscussed,whichallshowthesimplicity,intuition,efficiency,quickness,andtheaccuracyofthismethod.Thisstudyalsodesignandbuildagraphicaluserinterface(GUI)foropeningthesimulationmodeleasily.Keywords:Matlab/Simulink;Modeling;SimulationRectifiercircuit;Choppercircuit;ACvoltage-modulatingcircuit目录第1章前言···································11.1MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真的目的与意义····································11.2本课题的研究内容··························································11.3本课题的研究意义······································2第2章MATLAB/SIMULIK基础知识·················································32.1MATLAB介绍···························································32．1.1MATLAB的主要组成部分································42.1.2MATLAB的系统开发环境···············································42.2SIMULINK仿真基础············································62.2.1SIMULIN启动·····························································72.2.2SIMULINK的模块库介绍······································72.2.3电力系统模块库的介绍···········································72.2.4SIMULINK简单模型的建立······························92.2.5SIMULINK功能模块的处理······························92.2.6SIMULINK线的处理··········································112.2.7SIMULINK仿真的运行··································112.3MATLAB的GUI程序设计···············································152.3.1控件对象及属性················································152.3.2GUI开发环境·············································162.3.3GUI程序设计·················································17第3章整流电路的仿真·············································193.1单相整流电路的仿真·············································193.1.1单相半波可控整流电路································193.1.2单相桥式可控整流电路········································213.2三相整流电路的仿真··············································233.2.1三相半波可控整流电路···································243.2.2三相桥式全控整流电路·······················、···············26第4章直流斩波电路的仿真··············································314.1降压斩波电路·····················································314.2升压斩波电路······················································34第5章三相交流调压器的仿真········································375.1三相交流调压器仿真基础············································375.2无中线星型联结调压器················································395.3支路控制三角形联结调压器·····································40第6章结论································································42致谢·························································································43参考文献·················································································44中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计（论文）1第1章前言1.1MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真的目的与意义在电力电子电路如变流装置的设计过程中，需要对设计出来的初步方案(电路)及有关元件参数选择是否合理，效果如何进行验证。如果通过实验来检验，就要将设计的系统用元件安装出来再进行调试和试验，不能满足要求时，要更换元件甚至要重新设计、安装、调试，往往要反复多次才能得到满意的结果。这样将耗费大量的人力和物力，且使设计效率低下、耗资大、周期长。采用计算机进行仿真试验，则可大大地节约开支，提高设计效率，缩短设计周期。但是用其它计算机高级语言(如C语言，BASIC语言或仿真语言)编程实现，对电力变流电路来说，由于大功率开关器件开关转换电流换相动态过程十分复杂，过渡过程一个接一个，一个未完，新的一个又开始了要分析输出电压、电流(带感性负载时)波形，特别是如大功率开关管关断时承受的尖峰电压大小形状，即阻容保护电路的保护效果如何，就要建立等效电路的数学模型。而这样的数学模型是很复杂的，即使建立起来了，用计算机编程实现得到真实的仿真结果也需要花大量的时间精力来编程和调试。然而采MATLAB/SIMULINK可视化图形化仿真环境来对电力电子电路进行建模仿真则可使之变得直观，简单易行，效率高，真实准确[1]。1.2本课题的研究内容本课题主要研究的是利用MATLAB/SIMULINK建立电力电子电路仿真模型并进行仿真。现将仿真的主要内容加以介绍：单相整流电路和三相整流电路主要研究其半波可控和桥式全控整流电路，分别建立其Simulink仿真模型，进行系统仿真，对其仿真波形进行对比分析，并与理论结果进行对比。直流斩波电路用于调整直流电的电压，它有多种类型，这里主要对降压中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计（论文）2（Buck）变流器、升压（Boost）变流器进行建模仿真，根据其降压和升压要求设计，确定电容电感值，并通过仿真结果来确认设计效果。三相交流调压器有星型连接和三角形联结的多种方案。其中星型联结又有无中线和有中线两种电路，三角形联结有线路控制，支路控制和中点控制的不同电路。这里主要研究两种常用的无中线星形联结和支路控制三角形联结线路，建立其Simulink模型，分别对其电阻负载和电感负载在不同触发角度时进行仿真，分析其仿真波形。1.3本课题的研究意义利用Simulink中的模块库建立单相/三相整流、直流斩波、三相交流调压等电力变换电路，进行仿真后，对仿真波形进行比较分析。证实了该方法的简便直观、高效快捷和真实准确性。由于计算机中修改参数方便，可以通过改变方针参数就可观察各种现象，加深了对其电路原理的理解。通过对本课题的研究最终能够熟悉并掌握Matlab/Simulink的应用环境，熟练应用Simulink模块库中模块建立电力电子电路的系统仿真模型，设定系统仿真参数，进行系统仿真。中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计（论文）3第2章MATLAB/SIMULINK基础知识2.1MATLAB介绍Matlab(MatrixLaboratory)是美国MathWorks公司开发的一套高性能的数值分析和计算软件，用于概念设计,算法开发,建模仿真,实时实现的理想的集成环境，是目前最好的科学计算类软件之一。MATLAB将矩阵运算、数值分析、图形处理、编程技术结合在一起，为用户提供了一个强有力的科学及工程问题的分析计算和程序设计工具，它还提供了专业水平的符号计算、文字处理、可视化建模仿真和实时控制等功能，是具有全部语言功能和特征的新一代软件开发平台。MATLAB已发展成为适合众多学科，多种工作平台、功能强大的大型软件。在欧美等国家的高校，MATLAB已成为线性代数、自动控制理论、数理统计、数字信号处理、时间序列分析、动态系统仿真等高级课程的基本教学工具。成为攻读学位的本科、硕士、博士生必须掌握的基本技能。