人教版英语八年级下册重点语法复习与练习

1一、重点语法（一）一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间连用。本时态标志词：1.含tomorrow;nextweek/month/year;inthefuture;in2020；2.in+一段时间；3.howsoon；4.祈使句句型中：or/andsb.willdo5.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时表示将来时的常见句式：1.用bedoing表示将来：主要是表示按计划，安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置移动的动词；如come,go,leave,arrive,fly,move,start,等，也可以用其他动词。I'mdoingmyhomeworktomorrow.2.begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。如：Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.3.begoingto表示已有迹象表明即将发生的某种情况。Lookattheclouds.It'sgoingtorain.4.在有条件从句的主句中，多用will,如：例Bequick,oryouwillbelate.=Ifyoudon’tbequick,youwillbelate.练习()1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe()2.Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn’tworkingB.doesn’tworkingC.isn’tgoingtoworkingD.won’twork()3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe()4.There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.isgoingtobe()5.–_____you______freetomorrow?–No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbeD.Are;goingtobe;willbe()6.Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.give()7.–ShallIbuyacupofteaforyou?–________.（不，不要。）A.No,youwon’t.B.No,youaren’t.C.No,pleasedon’t.D.No,please.()8.–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________itforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()9.________aconcertnextSaturday?A.TherewillbeB.WilltherebeC.TherecanbeD.Thereare()10.Iftheycome,we________ameeting.2A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave（二）过去进行时结构：句型主语+was/were+V-ing…否定句主语+was/were+not+V-ing…一般疑问句was/were+主语+V-ing…过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。标志性词语：1.atthattime/moment2.(at)thistimeyesterday(lastnight/sunday...)3.at+点钟+Yesterday(lastnight/Sunday...)4.when,while引导的时间状语从句例：Shewasdoingherhomeworkat8:30yesterdayevening.昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。WhenIgotupthismorning,Motherwaspreparingbreakfastinthekitchen.今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。练习1.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding2.Tom___intothehousewhennoone___.A.slipped,waslookingB.hadslipped,lookedC.slipped,hadlookedD.wasslipping,looked3.ThelasttimeI__Janeshe___cottoninthefields.A.hadseen,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.hadseen,pickedD.saw,waspicking4.Idon'tthinkJimsawme;he___intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststaredD.hadjuststared5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She___ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked6.---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I'mterriblysorry.________.A.I'mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven'tnoticedD.Idon'tnotice7.ThereportersaidthattheUFO___easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel8.I___mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.hadbeenhaving3C.havebeenhavingD.washaving9.WhenIarrivedathisoffice,he___onthephone.A.wasspeakingB.spokeC.hadbeenspeakingD.hadspoken10.“What'sthematter,Ali?Youlooksad.”“Oh,nothingmuch.Asamatteroffact,I___ofmyfriendsbackhome.”A.justthoughtB.havejustbeenthinkingC.wasjustthinkingD.havejustthought（三）If的用法if引导的条件状语从句。If是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是“如果……的话”，用法如下：表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下：If+句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/shall/may/can)+动词原形）(不能用begoingto)a.Ifyoufinishyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.b.IfIhaveenoughmoneynextyear,Iwillgototravel.注意：宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句中的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于whether，引导宾语从句，时态根据句意来确定。Idon'tknowif(是否）itwillraintomorrow.If（如果）itrains,Iwillstayathome.我不知道明天是否会下雨。如果下雨，我将呆在家里在。（四）现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，有可能一直延续下去的动作。常与for,since,howlong,thesedays等表示一段时间的状语连用。现在完成进行式结构：肯定句：主语+have/has+been+doing/否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+doing一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+doing/1．Ihavebeenwritingthelettersincethen.从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续）2．Ihavebeencollectingstampsfortenyears.自从10年前我就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。3．Howlonghaveyoubeenlivinghere?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续）现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：2如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可练习1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He________4foritformonths.A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe_____afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe______Englishforayear.A.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_______hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.—Nowonder.You_________infrontofthatcomputertoolong.A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked7.Theunemploymentrateinthisdistrict_______from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.A.hasfallenB.hadfallenC.isfallingD.wasfalling8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider9.—______you______himaroundthemuseumyet?—Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show10.—Hi,Tracy，youlookpale.—Iamtired.I_______thelivingroomalld