高考英语语法填空应试方法

语法填空应试方法与技巧1.考什么？2.怎么考？3.如何做？•What’stheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?Thinking1.考什么？纯空格形式的考点如下：冠词介词代词物主代词、指示代词人称代词、不定代词连词或引导词从属连词、并列连词助动词或情态动词用提示词的适当形式填空的考点如下：动词非谓语动词不定式、-ed分词、-ing分词谓语动词时态、语态词性转换：形容词或副词、名词2、怎么考？从语法填空题空格的设置来看，包括以下特点一、考查语法。每一个空格的设置都必定涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用法。InGreece,womenhadlittlefreedom.Wealthywomenhardlylefttheirhouses,butthey___________(allow)toattendweddingsandsomefestivals.wereallowed二、考查语境。既然采用短文或对话的形式来考查语法，其目的就是要利用短文有较强语境的特点来命题。也就是说，要填出正确答案，至少需理解整个句子的意思或各分句之间的逻辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个段落或篇章。三、考点分散。基本上一个空格代表一个语法点，10个空有可能涉及到10个语法点，至少也得有7个语法点。对一些非常重要的语法项目，如动词时态、非谓语动词、不定代词等，单独一项也可能是两个空。2.Thelittleboypulled________righthandoutofthepocket…冠词或代词•无提示词•缺主语或宾语，一般填代词或名词(多考代词)。•可数名词单数之前没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.thehis讨论归纳：如何做？3.IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and________getstherealmostinasecond.itC介词•无提示词•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语•固定搭配1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis__________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.ofat讨论归纳：如何做？连词或从句引导词•无提示词•两个主谓结构连接•两个或几个单词或短语之间1.Itwasnotlong_________thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedat_______shesaw.before讨论归纳：如何做？2.Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays______IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.before3.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappy…but4…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme______almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseof…andwhat情态动词或助动词•无提示词•结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时讨论归纳：如何做？1.Whatisacceptableinonecountrybeconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.may2.Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe________bringhomearegularsalary.did特殊句式•无提示词•强调句型•so/such…that…句型•倒装•it的特殊用法1.…andwasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG!2._______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.3.…astookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists.4.Thismadethegoatsojealous______itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.itOnly讨论归纳：如何做？itthat谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构（注意动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI__________(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Hisfearoffailure__________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.3.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,____(close)mybookandwalkedaway.wastoldkept讨论归纳：如何做？closed非谓语动词•有提示词•根据非谓语所作成份填写正确形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson__________(receive)thegift.2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(finish)therest!3.Mypupils,Donnie__________(include),adoredher.4.________(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary…5.____________(complete)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.receivingtofinishincluded讨论归纳：如何做？SpeakingTocomplete词性转换•有提示词•根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词•形容词修饰名词•副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid__________(rude).2.Oneofthe__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…3.AsfarasIamconcerned,my____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook…4.Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.rudelysuggestion讨论归纳：如何做？silent总结提升实词虚词一．根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词冠词介词连词代词词性有提示词无提示词总结提升二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词,/物主代词的用法并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯