一般过去时与一般现在时的区分

一、一般过去时与一般现在时定义及结构的区分1）概念一般过去时：过去发生的动作或是状态a.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；b.过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；c.过去主语所具备的能力和性格。一般现在时：现在通常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或是状态a.表示经常发生的动作，是一般情况不是具体的某一件事；b.长期存在的一种状态；c.永恒的事实或真理，谚语等。2)基本构成A．谓语动词是实义动词时的结构：一般过去时：肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他否定句：主语+did+not+动词+其他疑问句：Did+主语+动词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词+其他否定疑问句：Did+主语+not+动词+其他一般现在时：肯定句：主语+动词或（动词+s）+其他否定句：主语+do/does+not+动词+其他疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词+其他否定疑问句：Do/Does+主语+not+动词+其他注：变化最大的在于:do/does→did(过去式的动词变化)B.谓语动词是助动词时：a．Be动词一般过去时：肯定句：主语+was(were)+表语否定句：主语+was(were)+not+表语疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+表语特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+表语否定疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+not+表语一般现在时：肯定句：主语+be动词+表语否定句：主语+be动词+not+表语疑问句：Be动词+主语+表语特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+表语否定疑问句：Be动词+主语+not+表语注意：am(I)、is（he/she/it）→wasAre(we/you/they)→were第三人称时，动词要进行变化。注意：不管是过去时还是现在时，疑问句都需要助动词did或do.c.情态动词过去式：一般过去时：将情态动词变成过去式，后面加原形，其他句型转变的规则与be动词基本一致。shall―will―can—may―must―haveto―例：Icanswim.肯定句:否定句：疑问句：3)怎样从时间状语上判断一般现在时和一般过去时一般过去时：yesterday(morning,afternoon,evening)；thedaybeforeyesterday；lastnight(week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century世纪）；ago；thismorning/afternoon/eveningjustnow；theotherday--afewdaysago；attheageof10（过去年龄段）；intheolddays一般现在时：always,usually,,everymorning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,twiceaweek,,seldom,onceamonth,ever,never4)一般过去时与一般现在时动词的变化规则：一般过去时：A.规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。B.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。注:课本后面都有不规则动词的变化，需熟记。一般现在时：a.一般情况下，加-s;b.以s,sh,ch,x，o等结尾的词,加–es;c.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i再加es.课堂练习一）、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去buy______________fly____________plant_____________study______drink___________play____________go_____________make______do_____________dance____________worry_____________ask_______taste___________eat___________read________put________let____________run______________keep____________have______find___________get__________eat____________ring_______write____________sleep______________give____________stop______二）.用正确的动词形式填空1.Thechildren___________(run)everyday.2.-I________upathalfpastsixthismorning.(get)-Myfatheralways__________(come)backfromworkverylate.3.Mymother____________alotoffruityesterdayafternoon.(buy)4.They_________________ameetingyesterday.(nothave)5.-______you_________(have)anycolorpens?-Sorry,Idon’thaveany.6.Shelikeseggs,butshe__________________(notlike)bread.7.Mymother(tell)meastoryeverynight.8.–Howmuchmeat________you___________(want)?-Akilo,please.9.Someone__________(be)inthenextroom.10.There__________(be)apenandtwoerasersinthepencil-box.11.Youmust_________(get)hereattwothisafternoon.12.Thetwins_________thirteentwoyearsago.(be)13.Wemust__________(help)theteachercarryit.14.Who__________(teach)youEnglishinyourschool?15.Theteacherisbusy.Heonly__________(sleep)fivehoursaday.16.Nearourschoolthere_________(be)ashop,it_________(sell)alotofbooks.17.What_______he_________(like)?18.He__________(teach)Englishinamiddleschool.19.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.20.Hecan___________(sing)thissong.21.Let’s___________(help)mymother___________(cook).22.IthinkLiLeimust______________(be)atschool.23.There__________(be)somebreadandmeatonthetable.24.Lily__________(be)aYoungPioneer.三）.句型转换1.TheycametoChinain1990.(变一般疑问句)__________they________toChinain1990?2ShewashedtheclotheslastSunday.(变否定句)She_________________theclotheslastSunday.3.Mymotherlikesherstudents.(变一般疑问句)_______________________________________4..DoyouwatchTVonSunday?(用lastSunday改写成过去时态的句子)______________________________________________5.WeiHuaboughtanewpenyesterday.(变否定句)She________________anewpenyesterday.6.Wehadameetingthedaybeforeyesterday.(变一般疑问句)_______you_______ameetingthedaybeforeyesterday?7.TheyhadagoodtimelastSunday.________________thetwins_______agoodtime?8.Thereweresomecarsinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：There_______________carsinfrontofthehousejustnow.一般疑问句：______there_____carsinfrontofthehousejustnow?9.Hewenttothezoowithhisfatheryesterday.否定句：He_______________tothezoowithhisfatheryesterday.一般疑问句：______he______tothezoowithhisfatheryesterday?特殊疑问句：heyesterday?10.Maryusuallyplaysgameswithhergrandparents.否定句：Maryusually_______________gameswithhergrandparents.一般疑问句：______Maryusually________gameswithhergrandparents?特殊疑问句：Maryusually?11.Marydoesherhomeworkwell.否定句：Maryherhomeworkwell.一般疑问句：Maryherhomeworkwell?一、作业布置一.填空1They____(be)onthefarmamomentago.2There____(be)ashopnotlongago.3Jenny____(notgo)tobeduntil11:00o'clocklastnight.4Danny_____(read)Englishfiveminutesago.5I_____(see)LiLei____(go)outjustnow.6He____(do)hishomeworkeveryday.Buthe__(notdo)ityesterday.7WhenIwasyoung,I_____(play)gameswithmyfriends.8When____you_____(write)thisbook?I_____itlastyear.9Didhe____(have)lunchathome?11.There__________(be)somebreadandmeatonthetable.13.LiuYing_______________(study)inBeijingthesedays.14.They_____________________(clean)thefloornow.15.HanMeimeioften____________(play)gamesafterschool.16.Thedaybeforeyesterdaythey________(watch)avolleyballmatch.二