考点聚焦第39讲阅读理解课件人教新目标版

人教版英语第39讲阅读理解RachelCarsonwasbornintheUSAonMay，1907.Hermother，MariaCarson，hadbeenaschoolteacher.Shealsolovednature.SheshowedRachelthebeautyofnature.ShealsotaughtRacheladeeploveforbooks.Asaquietchild，Rachellikedtoreadandwritestories.Ataveryearlyage，shedecidedshewantedtobeawritersomeday.Herstoryfirstappearedinachildren'smagazinewhenshewastenyearsold.Herfirstbook，UndertheSeaWindcameoutin1941.In1948，MissCarsonbeganworkingonanotherbook，TheSeaAroundUs.Shealwaysrememberedcarefullywhenshewrote.ShecollectedinformationfrommorethanonethousandplacestowriteTheSeaAroundUs.Whenthebookcameoutin1951，itwontheNationalBookAward.ItwasNo.1onthebestsellerlistformorethanayear.TheSeaAroundUsmadeRachelCarsonfamous.RachelCarson'smostfamousbook，SilentSpringcameoutin1962.Inthisbook，shepointedoutthattheuseofsomekindsofpesticides(杀虫剂)likeDDTwouldcausethenumberofbirdstodeclinebecauseitwouldkillthemaswell.Finally，inNovember1969，theUnitedSatesgovernmentdecidedthattheuseofDDTmuststopintwoyears.RachelCarsonhasbeenregardedasagreatenvironmentalist(环保主义者)andwriter.Shewillberememberedbytheworld.1．RachelCarsonhadadeeplovefornatureandbooksbecauseof____．A．herfatherB．hermotherC．herschoolteacherD．herbrother2．Racheldecidedthatshewantedtobeawriterwhen____．A．shewasveryyoungB．shewasincollegeC．shebecameateacherD．shebecamefamousBA3．TheChinesemeaningoftheword“decline”inthispassageisprobably“____”．A．增加B．减少C．维持D．翻番4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？____A．RachelCarsonwasacarefulandseriouswriter.B．TheSeaAroundUswontheNationalBookAward.C．InSilentSpringRachelsaidsomepesticideswerebadfortheenvironment.D．TheuseofDDTwasstoppedassoonasthebookSilentSpringcameout.BD中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和判断正误题。做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。其次要注意先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。►主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。►细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。【例1】(2015，呼和浩特)Agroupofreportersaskedagroupof4to8yearoldchildrenthisquestion，“Whatdoeslovemean？”Theanswersweresurprising.Thechildrenwouldanswerliketheydidbelow.Rebecca—age8“Whenmygrandmotherhurtherknees，shecouldn'tbend(弯腰)overandpainthertoenails(脚趾甲)anymore.Somygrandfatherwoulddoitforherallthetime，evenwhenhishandshurt，too.That'slove.”Samantha—age6“Loveiswhensomeonehurtsyou，andyougetsomadbutyoudon'tshoutatherbecauseyouknowitwouldhurtherfeelings.”Terry—age4“Loveiswhatmakesyousmilewhenyou'retired.”Bethany—age4“Iletmybigsisterpickon(捉弄)mebecausemymumsayssheonlypicksonmebecauseshelovesme.SoIpickonmybabysisterbecauseIloveher.”Lauren—age4“Iknowmyeldersisterlovesmebecauseshegivesmeallheroldclothesandhastogooutandbuynewclothes.”Elaine—age5“LoveiswhenMummygivesDaddythebestpieceofchicken.”Terry—age4“Loveiswhatmakesyousmilewhenyou'retired.”Bethany—age4“Iletmybigsisterpickon(捉弄)mebecausemymumsayssheonlypicksonmebecauseshelovesme.SoIpickonmybabysisterbecauseIloveher.”Lauren—age4“Iknowmyeldersisterlovesmebecauseshegivesmeallheroldclothesandhastogooutandbuynewclothes.”Elaine—age5“LoveiswhenMummygivesDaddythebestpieceofchicken.”Clear—age5“MyMummylovesmemorethananybody.Youdon'tseeanyoneelsekissingmetosleepatnight.”Jessica—age8“Youreallyshouldn'tsay‘Iloveyou’unlessyoumeanit.Butifyoumeanit，youshouldsayitalot.Peopleforget.”1．Thepassagemainlytellsusabout________.A．what“life”meanstochildrenB．what“family”meanstochildrenC．what“friendship”meanstochildrenD．what“love”meanstochildren解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了孩子们对“爱”的不同理解。故选D。本题难度中等。答案：__D__2．WhotoldusthelovebetweenMumandDad?A．Clear.B．Elaine.C．Rebecca.D．Lauren.解析：细节理解题。由Elaine—age5部分中的“LoveiswhenMummygivesDaddythebestpieceofchicken.”可知，Elaine讲述了妈妈和爸爸之间的爱。故选B。本题难度中等。答案：__B__3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Rebecca'sgrandmotherevercouldn'tbendover.B．Bethanywantstobepickedonbyanyotherperson.C．IfSamanthabecomesangry，shewillnotshoutatothers.D．Laurenpreferstowearhersister'soldclothes.解析：细节理解题。由Bethany—age4部分中的“Iletmybigsisterpickon(捉弄)mebecausemymumsayssheonlypicksonmebecauseshelovesme.”可知，Bethany让姐姐捉弄她，是因为妈妈说姐姐爱她才这样做。因此B项“Bethany想被其他任何人捉弄”是错误的。故选B。本题难度中等。答案：__B__4．WhatdoesJessicameanaboutlove?A．Toomuchloveisnolove.B．Youshouldsaylovemoreoften.C．Youmeanwhatyouthink.D．Saylovemoreoftenifyouhaveit.解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Butifyoumeanit，youshouldsayitalot.Peopleforget.”可知，Jessica认为如果你拥有爱，你就应该经常说。故选D。本题难度较大。答案：__D__5．WhatisloveaccordingtoTerry?A．Loveisthecarebetweenhusbandandwife.B．Loveisarestwhenyouaretired.C．Loveiswhatcheersyouupwhenyouaretired.D．Loveisakissfromparents.解析：细节理解题。由Terry—age4部分中的“Loveiswhatmakesyousmilewhenyou'retired.”可知，Terry认为爱就是当你累的时候，能够使你高兴起来的东西。故选C。本题难度较小。答案：__C__1.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocks，youshould___．A．setacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeB．gotobedneithertooearlynortoolateC．keepthebedroomforsleepingonlyD．takeawarmshowerbeforesleeping2．Whysh