人教版八年级下册Unit1讲义

1Unti1what’sthematter【词汇解析】matter[ˈmætə]v.重要，要紧，有关系trouble[ˈtrʌbl]n.麻烦，烦扰，问题1.getintotrouble造成麻烦havetrouble（in）doingsth做某事有困难2.询问某事患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时，问：“某人怎么了？”①What’sthematter(withsb.)？②What’swrong(withsb.)?③What’sthetrouble(withsb.)?④Whathappenedtosb.?⑤What’sup?⑥AreyouOK?⑦Isthereanythingwrong(withsb.)?knee[ni:]n.膝盖foot[fu:t]n.脚(复数feet)neck[nek]n.颈，脖子throat[θrəʊt]n.喉咙nosebleed[ˈnəʊzbli:d]n.鼻出血blood[blʌd]n.血sore[sɔ:(r)]adj.疼痛的，酸痛的headache[ˈhedeɪk]n.头痛stomach['stʌmək]n.胃，腹部stomachache['stʌməkeɪk]n.胃痛，腹痛toothache[ˈtu:θeɪk]n.牙痛fever['fi:və]n.发烧，发热cough[kɒf]n.&v.咳嗽haveastomachache胃痛haveacold感冒haveafever发烧3.表达身体某一部位疼痛或者不舒服①have/has+a/an+身体部位②have/has+a/an+病症③have/hasasore+身体部位④身体部位+hurtshaveanosebleed流鼻血haveacough咳嗽haveaheartproblem患有心脏病haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难haveasorethroat喉咙痛sick[sɪk]adj.患病的，不适的4.ill&sick的区别sickadj.“生病的”，besicksick+名词sickperson=patient“病人”illadj.“生病的”，beillbeillinhospitalillnessn.“病；疾病”feelsick=beill生病lie[laɪ]v.躺，平躺5.（lie-lay-lain）liedown躺下lieon躺在……上rest[rest]n.剩余部分，其余；放松，休息break[breɪk]n.&v.休息，暂停；打破6.havearest=takebreaks休息therestof余下的；剩余的X-ray['eksreɪ]n.X光，X射线getanX-ray做个X光检查takeone'stemperature量体温toone'ssurprise使…惊讶，出乎…意料7.surprisev使吃惊→☆surprisingadj.☆surprisedadj.besurprisedat对……感到吃惊besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到惊讶surprisen.惊讶toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地getasurprise吃惊hurt[hə:t]v.伤害，损害，使受伤8.hurt–hurt-hurthurtoneself伤到自己passenger['pæsɪndʒə]n.乘客，旅客off[ɒf]adv.prep.离开（某处）；从…去掉onto[ˈɒntə]prep.向，朝getoff下车cutoff切除getinto陷入，参与getoutof从...出来runout(of)用尽，耗尽2hit[hit]n.&v.碰撞，打，打击9．hitsb.onthehead/nose/backon用在所打较硬的部位hitsb.intheface/eye/stomachin用在所打较软的部位rightaway=atonce立刻；马上herself[hə:ˈself]pron.她自己，她本身ourselves[ɑ:ˈselvz]pron.我们自己10.反身代词原则：与主语保持一致单数：myselfyourselfitselfhimselfherself复数：ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesbyoneself独自hurtoneself伤到自己enjoyoneself玩得开心learnbyoneself自学bandage['bændɪdʒ]n.&v.绷带；用绷带包扎putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎breathe[bri:ð]v.呼吸11.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难haveproblems(in)doingsth.干某事有困难sunburned[ˈsʌnbɜ:nd]adj.晒伤的climber[ˈklaɪmə(r)]n.登山者risk[rɪsk]n.&v.风险，危险；冒险takerisks(takearisk)冒险12.risktodosth.冒险去做某事beusedto习惯于…适应于…13.usedtodosth.过去常常干某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯干某accident[ˈæksidənt]n.意外事件；事故rock[rɔk]n.岩石knife[naif]n.刀，餐刀(复数knivesmean[mi:n]v.意味着，意思是，意欲14.①meanv.意思☞meaningn.意思；意义meaningfuladj.有意义的meaninglessadj.无意义的②meanv.意味meandoingsth.意味着干某事③meanv.打算meantodosth.打算干某事importance[ɪmˈpɔ:tns]n.重要性15.theimportanceof……的重要性somethingimportant重要的事theimportanceof（doing）sth.做某事的重要性decision[dɪ'sɪʒn]n.决心，决定，抉择16.decide的用法decidev.decisionn.决定makeadecision做决定decidetodosth决定做某事makeupone’smindtodosthcontrol[kən'trəʊl]v.控制，支配，操纵beincontrolof掌管，管理spirit['spɪrɪt]n.勇气，意志death[deθ]n.死亡17.辨析：die，death,dead&dyingdieV.死短暂性动词deathn.死亡deadadj.死的bedead表示状态dyingadj.要死的；垂死的giveup放弃18.giveupdoingsth.放弃干某事giveup+时间+todosth放弃时间做某事nurse[nə:s]n.护士situation[ˌsitjuˈeiʃən]n.状况，形式，情况inadifficultsituation在闲境中