聚氨酯在煤矿岩层加固和通风控制中的应用宋彦波

河北煤炭科学研究所　　宋彦波论述聚氨酯材料的理化和力学性能及在岩石加固和通风控制中的作用机理,总结煤壁加固、锚固巷道破碎顶帮、喷涂防漏风和密闭瓦斯通道等经验。　聚氨酯　煤矿岩层加固　作用机理　通风控制,,,,,,,,13:,,,,,1.1聚氨酯泡沫材料的合成原理,:(1)nOCNRNCO+nHOOH[CONHRNHCOOO]n(2),NCO+H2ORNHCOOHNH2+CO2NCO+NH2NH2COONH2(),(3),NCO+NHCOOCONCOONH()(4)2426219982DOI10.13199/j.cst.1998.02.25.songyb.009NCO+NHCOCONCONHCONH()(3)(4),4:,,[1]1.2聚氨酯泡沫材料的性能(1),NHCOONHCONHCH2OCH2,,(2),,(3)(),,,,,,,,,46,2030,,,,(4)93%,22.1压注法加固采面煤壁或巷道破碎顶板,,:,,4[2]3,1[3]图1　聚氨酯岩层加固工艺系统布置1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9;10;11;12;13;14252621998217212101,2.2锚索注浆加固,,,,,:510min,,,2.3巷道支架壁后充填技术,,,,(),,,,,20,,,,(2)图2　支架后空间活性充填料包1;2,,,,3,,3.1聚氨酯喷涂防漏风技术:PT-12,:/s35/s1820/kgõm-32530/%26PT-123:/m3õmin-10.3/MPa0.30.7/Lõmin-126/kg15/MPa0.62626219982图3　挤压式充填泵结构示意1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9;10;11,,,,,,,,,,15kg,3.2聚氨酯充填防瓦斯积聚技术,,,,3.3聚氨酯在通风控制中的应用实例21012101,2101,21014图4　聚氨酯喷涂及充填施工系统示意1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9;10;1150m,4,1,1500kg,2101,210120t,(下转第30页)2726219982,6.2/t,,;,,,31996MS,52.4m,2,25%,3,55(CO+H2)/%CO2/%O2/%H2S/gõm-3/m3õh-168.27.50.42.641607875%+25%68.17.40.42.4615834,225%,H2S2.64g/m32.46g/m35,H2SMS1%,,205mg/m3,250mg/m318%,SO2260mg/m3,1200mg/m378%,4(1)MS,,,(2),MS,,6.2/t,(3)25%,H2S7%;,SO2谌伦建　1959,,1982,,20:10,:454000(收稿日期;1996-09-27;责任编辑:赵志军)(上接第27页)4:,,1..:,19922..,1996(5)3..,1995(34)宋彦波　1965,1993,,,:23,:054000(收稿日期:1997-09-22;责任编辑:赖应得)3026219982煤炭科学技术ENGLISHABSTRACTSStudyandTrialofMechanizedCavingMininginHardSeamBaseonasuccessfulcavingtechnologyappliedinamediumhardseaminearly1990's,thispaperintroducedthatShanxiMiningCollegehadasuccessfulapplicationofacavingminingmethodinNo.133062coalminingfacewithaseamhardnessoff=3.5to4.5inGushuyuanMineofJinchengCoalMineAdministrationin1996.Thiscavingminingmethodadoptedrationalminingparameters.Theminingandcavingratewas0.9to1.17.Onecutandonecavingmethodwasappliedtothecavingtechniqueandonecavingdistancewasrationally0.5to0.6m.Aroofcontroldistanceofthehydraulicpoweredsupportwas4.8to5.4m.Theworkingresistanceofthehydraulicsupportwas5,000KN.Amovingtailbeamofthesupportcangreatlyim-proveacoalcavingrate.Withtherationalselectionsoftheparametersandminingmethod,thecavingrateofthetopseamwas79.1%andthecoalrecoveryrateofthefacewas90.5%.Theaverageproductionpermonthwas131,600tandtheminingrateperpersonpershiftwas49.5%.ApplicationofPolyurethaneinRockReinforcementandVentilationControlinCoalMinePolyurethaneisafoamplasticmaterialwithacompoundoforganicmultiplecyan-othane(blackmaterial),andpolyhydricalcoholcom-poundandassistant(whitematerial)toformafoamplas-tic.Thefeaturesofthepolyurethanearemultipleporosity,alessrelativedensity,highstrengthandimprovedcom-pound.Thepolyurethanecanbemadeindifferentdensitysoftmaterial,asemihardandhardfoamplastics.Thefoamplasticscanbeusedtoreinforcerockformationandtocontrolventilationofmine.ThepolyurethanewasinjectedtoreinforcethebrokencoalwallsandbrokenroofsinthegatewaysofNo.1721coalminingfaceofXiandewangMineandNo.2101coalminingfaceofDongpangMine.InXingtaiMines,thepolyurethanewasinjectedintoaanchorboreholetobebondwiththeanchorinordertosupportgatewayroof.Thepolyurethanewasinjectedintobackfill-ingbagsbeyondthegatewaysupports.Thebackfillingbagswerefilledwithsawdustwhichwouldberapidlyex-pandedwithpolyurethanetofillemptyspacebeyondthesupports.Inanventilationleakagegateway,thepolyurethanewassprayedontheventilationleakagegate-waystosealtheleakagecrackingandwasfilledthecavedroofareatopreventaccumulationsofgasandcarbonmonoxide.No.2101coalminingfaceofDongpangMinehadaspontaneouscombustionoccurredandthecontentofcarbonmonoxidewasoverlimit.Polyurethanewasusedtoblockthecoalface.DevelopmentandApplicationofSoftStartControlSystemofBeltConveyerThesoftstartcontrolsystemofabeltconveyerisconsistedwithacomputercontrolledmanage-mentsystem,softstart/brakingdeviceandmicro-com-puterintelligentprotectionsystemtocompletecontrolandmanagementofthemainequipmentofthesystem.ThesitecontrolsystemisconsistingofSINCL1networkandPLCcontrolstation.Thesoftstartingsystemcanbesuitableforaflatconveyingstartofapositivepowerheavyloadingconveyerandadownwardsoftstart/brakingofanegativepowerbeltconveyertomeetthedrivingcontrolrequire-mentsofdifferentsectionsofthebeltconveyer.Applica-tionsoftheprogrammingcontrollerandthemicro-com-putercanhaveaninternallogicalfunctionandacentralcontrolbetweentheoverheadcontrolsystemandthelocalcontrolsystem.Therearethreecontrolmodes,conveyercontrol,sitecontrolandsystemcontrol.Theintelligentprotectionsystemcanbeappliedtoalongdistanceconvey-ersystemwithaprotectionofswitchmeasurementandsafetyprotectionwithoutamanonduty.Afterthesiterunningoperation,theresultsaregood.(英文翻译　孟宪德)5626219982