Lawrence 英国文学PPT

DavidHerbertRichardsLawrence11September1885{Eastwood,Nottinghamshire,England}–2March1930{Vence,France}anEnglishnovelist,poet,playwright,essayist,literarycriticandpainter.Hiscollectedworksrepresentanextendedreflectionuponthedehumanising使非人化/使丧失人性effectsofmodernityandindustrialisation.Inthem,Lawrenceconfrontsissuesrelatingtoemotionalhealthandvitality[vai'tæləti]生命力,spontaneity[,spɔntə'neiəti]自然性,andinstinct天性.Finalrestingplace,eastofTaos[taus]淘斯族,NewMexico,USAWrittenworksNovelsLiterarycriticismPoetryShortstoriesOtherEssaysandStudiesinClassicAmericanLiteratureStudyofThomasHardyDreamsNascent['næsənt]DreamsOldThePrussian['prʌʃən]OfficerandOtherStoriesTheWomanwhoRodeAwayTheRocking-HorseWinnerThePrincessOdour['əudə]ofChrysanthemums[kri'sænθəməm]TheEscapedCockTheLadybirdTheFoxTheCaptain'sDollTheVirginandtheGypsyStMawrLadyChatterley'sLoverWomeninLoveTheRainbowSonsandLoversPaintingBoccaccioStoryResurrectionCollectedlettersTravelbooksPlaysLawrence'sopinionsearnedhimmanyenemiesandheenduredofficialpersecution[,pə:si'kju:ʃən]迫害/烦扰,censorship['sensəʃip]审查制度/机构,andmisrepresentation误传/歪曲ofhiscreativeworkthroughoutthesecondhalfofhislife,muchofwhichhespentinavoluntaryexilehecalledhissavagepilgrimage野蛮的朝圣.Atthetimeofhisdeath,hispublicreputationwasthatofagrapherwhohadwastedhisconsiderabletalents.EMForster,inanobituary[əu'bitjuəri]讣告notice,challengedthiswidelyheldview,describinghimas,Thegreatestimaginativenovelistofourgeneration.Later,theinfluentialCambridgecriticFRLeavischampionedbothhisartisticintegrityandhismoralseriousness,placingmuchofLawrence'sfictionwithinthecanonical[kə'nɔnikəl]权威的greattraditionoftheEnglishnovel.SonsandLoversLawrencesummarizedtheplotinalettertoEdwardGarnetton12November1912:Itfollowsthisidea:awomanofcharacterandrefinementgoesintothelowerclass,andhasnosatisfactioninherownlife.Shehashadapassionforherhusband,soherchildrenarebornofpassion,andhaveheapsofvitality[vai'tæləti]生命力.Butashersonsgrowupsheselectsthemaslovers—firsttheeldest,thenthesecond.Thesesonsareurgedintolifebytheirreciprocalloveoftheirmother—urgedonandon.Butwhentheycometomanhood,theycan'tlove,becausetheirmotheristhestrongestpowerintheirlives,andholdsthem.It'sratherlikeGoetheandhismotherandFrauvonSteinandChristiana—Assoonastheyoungmencomeintocontactwithwomen,there'sasplit.Williamgiveshissextoafribble,andhismotherholdshissoul.Butthesplitkillshim,becausehedoesn'tknowwhereheis.Thenextsongetsawomanwhofightsforhissoul—fightshismother.Thesonloveshismother—allthesonshateandarejealousofthefather.Thebattlegoesonbetweenthemotherandthegirl,withthesonasobject.Themothergraduallyprovesstronger,becauseofthetiesofblood.Thesondecidestoleavehissoulinhismother'shands,and,likehiselderbrothergoforpassion.Hegetspassion.Thenthesplitbeginstotellagain.But,almostunconsciously,themotherrealizeswhatisthematter,andbeginstodie.Thesoncastsoffhismistress,attendstohismotherdying.Heisleftintheendnakedofeverything,withthedrifttowardsdeath.Explanationofthenovel'stitleLawrencerewrotetheworkfourtimesuntilhewashappywithit.AlthoughbeforepublicationtheworkwasusuallycalledPaulMorel,LawrencefinallysettledonSonsandLovers.Justasthenewtitlemakestheworklessfocusedonacentralcharacter,manyofthelateradditionsbroadenedthescopeofthework,therebymakingtheworklessautobiographical.WhilesomeoftheeditsbyGarnettwereonthegroundsofproprietyorstyle,otherswouldoncemorenarrowtheemphasisbackuponPaul.Literarysignificance&criticismIn1999,theModernLibraryrankedSonsandLoversninthonalistofthe100bestnovelsinEnglishofthe20thcentury.ItcontainsafrequentlyquoteduseoftheEnglishdialectwordnesh松软的/粉状的/热脆的.Thespeechofseveralprotagonists[prəu'tæɡənist]主演/主要人物isrepresentedinLawrence'swritteninterpretationoftheNottinghamshire['nɔtiŋəmʃiə]诺丁汉郡dialect,whichalsofeaturesinseveralofhispoems.Film,TVortheatricaladaptationsSonsandLovershasbeenadaptedforthescreenseveraltimes,includingtheAcademyAwardwinning1960film,a1981BBCTVserialandanotheronITV1in2003.The2003serialhasbeenissuedonDVDbyAcornMedia橡果媒体UK.徐胜丹徐曼姿夏慧