3种类型人工湿地处理富营养化水体中试比较研究

31,2,1,2*,1,2,4,5,3,4(1,100012;2,100012;3,524088;4,200062;5,100037):,3,,08m3(m2d).,3332%274%141%;523%501%192%;588%579%263%;372%383%148%;a869%961%553%.,,a,,.,,,.:;;;;:X52:A:02503301(2007)08167506:20060823;:20061010:(863)(2002AA601013):(1979~),,,,Email:[e-mail]*,Email:[e-mail]esearchofDifferentConstructedWetlandTypestoTreatEutrophicLakeWaterNIEZhidan1,2,NIANYuegang1,2,JINXiangcan1,2,SONGYingwei4,5,LILinfeng3,XIEAijun4(1ResearchCenterforLakeEcoenvironment,ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Beijing100012,China;2StateEnvironmentalProtectionKeyLaboratoryforLakePollutionControl,ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Beijing100012,China;3CollegeofAgricultural,ZhanjiangOceanUniversity,Zhanjiang524088,China;4DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,EastChinaNormalUniversity,Shanghai200062,China;5BeijingMunicipalResearchInstituteofEnvironmentalProtection,Beijing100037,China)Abstract:ComparisonresearchofdifferentconstructedwetlandtypestotreatlakeWulihuwaterwascarriedout.Undertheconditionoftheloadingrates08m3(m2d),theremovalefficienciesoftheverticalflowwetland(VFW),subsurfaceflowwetland(SFW)andfreesurfacewetland(FSW)hadthefollowingresults:Toammonianitrogen(NH+4N)theaverageremovalrateswere332%,274%and141%,respectively;Tototalnitrogen(TN)theaverageremovalrateswere523%,501%and192%,respectively;Tototalphosphorus(TP)theaverageremovalrateswere588%,579%and263%,respectively;Topermanganateindextheaverageremovalrateswere372%,383%and148%,respectively;Tochlorophylla(Chla)theaverageremovalrateswere869%,961%and553%,respectively.Obviously,VFWandSFWaremoreeffectivethanFSWattreatingeutrophicatedwatersuchasLakeWulihuwhichwithcharactersofloworganicallypollutionandwithhighnitrogenandphosphoruspollution,andtheVFWisthemosteffectiveontheremovalofNH+4N,TNandTP.SFWisthemosteffectiveontheremovalofpermanganateindexandChla.TheeffluentstabilityofVFWisbetterthanSFW,andtheSFWisbetterthanFSW.Keywords:verticalflowwetland;subsurfaceflowwetland;freesurfacewetland;lakeWulihu;eutrophicatedwater,,[1,2][3,4][5,6].3,[7,8].,,[9],Apopka[10],[11~13].,[14~16].[17].,.,,,328820078ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.28,No.8Aug.,2007,,3,.11.1,30m2(=20m15m08m),3,25cm25~35mm,25cm16~25mm,30cm5~10mm,(Typhalatifolia).30m2(=20m15m04m),,..10m2,32234cm2246cm2211cm.1.2,08m3(m2d).20040803~20060115.:TN41~70mgL;NH+4N09~38mgL;50~103mgL;TP009~019mgL;Chla403~1289gL.14727218337.pH733~774.,Skalar()TNTPNH+4N;[18]Chla.22.13NH+4N13.1,,,23mgL;3.,;;,.23.2,3,332%,274%141%.,,.,,,,.,,,.,.2.23TN1Fig.1InflowandoutflowNH+4Nconcentrationsvariationamongdifferentwetlandtypes1676282Fig.2ComparisonofNH+4Nremovalamongdifferentwetlandtypes33.3,,53mgL.3,.,,[19].,.43.4,523%,501%,192%.,2,.,,,.2.33TP3Fig.3InflowandoutflowTNconcentrationsvariationamongdifferentwetlandtypes4Fig.4ComparisonofTNremovalamongdifferentwetlandtypes53.5,014mgL.,.2005,005mgL.,.,.63.6,,588%579%,,263%.,[20].2,,.,,16778:35Fig.5InflowandoutflowTPconcentrationsvariationamongdifferentwetlandtypes7Fig.7Inflowandoutflowpermanganateindexconcentrationsvariationamongdifferentwetlandtypes6Fig.6ComparisonofTPremovalamongdifferentwetlandtypes.2.4373,7,,,.83.8,3372%383%148%.,,3.(103~50mgL,69mgL.),.,.2.5393a.9,(a),2005061620050714a1289gL1021gL.,a5gL,,a1678288Fig.8Comparisonofpermanganateindexremovalamongdifferentwetlandtypes16gL,,a24~60gL.103a.10,a,961%;,869%;,553%..,,.9ChlaFig.9InflowandoutflowChlaconcentrationsvariationamongdifferentwetlandtypes10ChlaFig.10ComparisonofChlaremovalamongdifferentwetlandtypes3(1)3332%274%141%;523%501%192%;588%579%263%;372%383%148%;a869%961%553%.(2),a,,.(3),,,.a,,.(4),,.:[1]HuangJ,ReneauRB,HagedornC.Nitrogenremovalinconstructedwetlandsemployedtotreatdomesticwastewater[J].WaterResearch,2000,34(9):2582~2588.[2],,,.[J].,2003,24(5):92~96.16798:3[3]MaysPA,EdwardsGS.Comparisonofheavymetalaccumulationinanaturalwetlandandconstructedwetlandsreceivingacidminedrainage[J].EcologicalEngineering,2001,16(4):487~500.[4],,,.[J].,2001,22(4):95~99.[5]CominFA.Nitrogenremovalandcyclinginrestoredwetlandsusedasfiltersofnutrientsforagriculturalrunoff[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1997,35(5):255~261.[6],,,.[J].,2003,24(1):113~116.[7],,,.[J].,2004,20(11):36~38.[8],,.[J].,2003,22(2):49~55.[9]DavidRT,MarkTB.Wetlandnetworksforstormwatermanagementinsubtropicalurbanwatersheds[J].EcologicalEngineering,1998,10(2):131~158.[10]CoveneyMF,StitesDL,LoweEF,etal.Nutrientremovalfromeutrophiclakewaterbywetlandfiltration[J].EcologicalEngineering,2002,19(2):141~159.[11]MoustafaMZ,ChimneyTD,FontaineG,etal.Theresponseofafreshwaterwetlandtolongtermlowlevelnutrientloadsmarshefficiency[J].EcologicalEngineering,1996,7(1):15~33.[12]NaimingW,WilliamJM.Adetailecosystemmodelofphosphorusdynamicsincreatedriparianwetlands[J].EcologicalModelling,2000,126(2):101~130.[13]JamesMH,MiriamLD.Useofconstructedwetlandsforurbanstreamrestoration:Acriticalanalysis[J].EnvironmentalMangement,1997,21(3):329~341.[14],,,.[J].,2003,23(5):462~466.[15],,,.[J].,2003,19(3):4~7.[16],,,.[J].,2004,25(4):65~69.[17],,,.[J].,2002,13(6):715~718.[18].[M].().:,2002.82~28