68代森锰锌对土壤微生物种群及呼吸作用的影响

2009-06-282009-09-08：(NYCL20080510)、(2008B013)1978-、。[e-mail]68％121.,2731652.,4101280、0.5、2.5、5.0mgkg-168%。0.5mgkg-1、、。,。S154.3A0564-3945(2010)06-1365-05Vol.41,No.6Dec.,2010ChineseJournalofSoilScience416201012。。[1]。,。,。。Bich[2]。,。[3]、[4]、2.5[5]、[6]125mgkg-1、。、、、Mancozeb。(C4H6N2S4Mn)X·(Zn)yS=CH2-NH-C-SMnCH2-NH-C-S=S!#$%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%&x(Zn)ymancozeb1961Rohm&Hass,。、、。、[7~9]。。11.168％。,0~20cm,=1mm。1[10]。411.21.2.1、0.5、2.5、5.0mgkg-1。60%27±1℃60%1、4、7、10、14、20、28d、。1[11]。=×/%1.2.2600g60%25±1℃340、0.5、2.5、5.0mgkg-1(60%)9cm×24cm30ml0.1molL-1NaOH。25±1℃。2、5、7、10、12、15dNaOH0.2molL-1HClNaOHNaOH。3。100gCO2[12]。W=(-)××CO2×100/(×2×)W100gCO2mg。22.1、2。pH7.2H2O(%)3.3TN(gkg-1)0.75TP(gkg-1)0.83O.M.(%)3.69CEC(cmolkg-1)11.13Texture1Table1Thebasicphysic-chemicalcharacteristicsofthetestedsoilBacteriatypeApplicationratesofpesticidemgkg-100.52.55.000.52.55.000.52.55.013.25.42.20.65.48.23.71.915.620.810.55.2410.515.73.41.77.210.85.53.725.438.519.210.8725.428.420.518.414.116.510.49.635.240.627.118.41033.735.330.830.615.618.78.26.849.750.247.545.71433.234.930.830.29.512.26.75.940.943.139.441.32025.627.323.122.77.38.37.77.532.630.328.530.72820.821.220.319.83.94.43.83.425.826.125.525.7dTime2Table2Effectofmanzocebontotalnumbersofsoilbacteria(107cfug-1),fungi(104cfug-1)andactinomycetes(105cfug-1)21~10d0.5mgkg-12.5mgkg-15mgkg-1。14d28d。。13666、28d。2.2。。[13]。Shannon[14]。Shannon-Wiener[15]:H=-∑Pi·lnPiPiiH。Shannon-Wiener－－1。1。0~0.5mgkg-10.5~5mgkg-1。1~7d7d。、。。DEHP[16]。。2.33。30.5mgkg-12.5mgkg-15.0mgkg-1。12d。。、12d。2.43[17]。2.4.150%。。2.4.215d。1Fig.1InfluenceofMacozebonsoilmicrobialbiodiversitydTime0~22~55~77~1010~1212~15CK21.44015.58423.81615.93624.25618.8590.5mgkg-123.20015.64323.90515.93624.69618.6952.5mgkg-121.14414.88023.02415.40823.37617.7015mgkg-121.32014.64322.55215.99522.99217.464CO2(mgkg-1)AmountofCO2emission3Table3Effectofmanzocebontherespirationofsoilmicrobe：68％1367411.0mgkg-150%1.0~10.0mgkg-150%10.0mgkg-150%。2.4.3=(%)×(d)/(mgkg-1)。,。200200~2020。3(4)20。31、。。2。。。[1].[J].,1997,16(4):43-47.[2]BABICHE,STOTG.Developingstandardforenvironmentaltoxi-cants:theneedtoconsiderabioticenvironmentalfactorsandmicrobemediatedecologicalprocesses[J].Environ.HealthPerspect,1983,49:345-353.[3],,.[J].,2003,5(2):69-78.[4],,,.[J].,2003,14(6):1023-1025.[5],,,.[J].,1999,18(1):25-27.[6],,.[J].,2002,20(1):49-51.[7],,,.[J].,2008,29(3):33-35.[8],,,.[J].,2008,27(3):1194-1198.[9],,,.[J].,2008,27(3):305-309.[10]..:,1988.[11].[M].,1985.[12],.[M].,1986.[13]OmarSA,AbdelsaterMA.Microbialpopulationandactivitiesinsoiltreatedwithpesticides[J].WaterAirSoilPollut,2001,127(14):49-63.[14],,.[J].,2000,20(20):23-25,47.[15],,.[J].,2002,11(2):140-143.[16],,.DEHP[J].,2005,42(5),830-835.[17].[J].,1990,(2):1-5;(3):35;(4):4-9.Qualityfractionofpesticide(mgkg-1)CK0.52.55.0CO2TotalamountofCO2emission(mg)119.89120.08116.53114.97Restrainintensity(%)0.1582.8024.104Restraintime(d)151515Harmcoefficient4.74016.81212.3124Table4Coefficientofinjuryofmancozebonsoilmicroorganismindifferenttreatments13686Effectof68%MancozebonSoilMicroorganism'sPopulationandRespirationTANGMei-zhen1,GUOZheng-yuan2(1.Collegeoflifescience,Qufunormaluniversity,Qufu273165,China;2.InstituteofAgro-EnvironmentalProtection,HunanAgriculturalUniversity;Changsha410128,China)Abstract:Effectsof68%mancozebintheconcentrationsof0,0.5,2.5,5.0mgkg-1onsoilmicroorganismpopulationandsoilrespirationintensitywereinvestigated.Resultsshowedthatbacterialfungalandactinomycetousgrowthandsoilrespirationwerestimulatedwhenmancozebconcentrationwas0.5mgkg-1.Butunderthehighconcentrationofmancozeb,microorganism'spopulationandrespirationofsoilwereallinhibited.Higherconcentrationcausedgreaterinfluenceintheearlydays.Butastimewentbyandpesticidecontentinsoilwasdecreased,microorganism'spopulationandrespirationofthesoiltreatedwithmancozebwasequivalenttothatinCK.Accordingtoriskassessment,mancozebshouldbelongtonon-poisonouspesticide.Keywords:Mancozeb;Microorganismspopulation;Respiration;Soil：68％1369