PVDFPS共混微孔膜的制备贠延滨

:1007-8924(2005)05-0010-05PVDF/PS共混微孔膜的制备延滨1,2　李继定1　马润宇2＊(1.,100084;2,100029)　:将聚偏氟乙烯和聚砜共混,通过溶胶-凝胶相转化法研制高孔隙率微孔膜.考察了聚合物浓度、PVDF/PS配比、溶剂种类和组成、添加剂浓度、凝胶浴温度和组成、溶剂挥发时间和热处理温度对膜孔径和孔隙率的影响.实验发现:使用DMF/DMAc混合溶剂可提高膜孔径和孔隙率;随LiCl含量的增加,膜孔径和孔隙率逐步增加;凝胶浴温度对膜的水通量没有太大的影响,但凝胶浴组成对膜性能有很大的影响;延长溶剂挥发时间,导致平均孔径减小.选择适当的膜液组成,可制得孔径为0.2～1.0μm,孔隙率达到90%以上的PVDF/PS共混微孔膜,而且共混膜的孔隙率比单组分PVDF膜有大幅度的提高.说明共混化是一种改善PVDF膜性能的有效方法,具有极好的实用开发价值.:共混;微孔膜;聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF);聚砜(PS);相转化法:TQ028.8　　:A　　、,,,.,ΔG=ΔH-TΔS.ΔG0,(),,.,,,,,,,.,,,[1].(PVDF),,,,,、,-40～150℃,,[2,3].-PVDF,.(PS)、、、[4],,,、、.,pH1～13,120℃,、、.,.、PVDF/PS、、、、、,0.2～1.0μm.1　实验部分1.1　,;,;N,N-(DMF),CP、N,N-:2004-02-27;:2004-10-26:973(2003CB615701):(1970-),,,,.＊25　5　　　　　Vol.25　No.5200510MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOct.2005DOI:10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2005.05.003(DMAc),CP、,AR,;(LiCl)、、,AR,.1.2　-,,,,,24h,.1.3　ρ.,[5]r:r=[8(2.9-1.75ρ)ηLQ/(ΔpρA)]0.5,r;ρ;η;L;Q;A;Δp.2　结果与讨论2.1　.,,1.,,,,,,.,.PVDF/PS=9∶0.5;:DMAc;LiCl:2%1　(PVDF/PS)Fig.1　Effectofpolymerconcentrationonperformeanceofthemembranes2.2　PVDF/PS,-3:、-.(),3,,,,,.,,,,,;,,,,,-.,.,.:15%;:DMAc;LiCl:2%2　PVDF/PSFig.2　EffectofPVDF/PSratioonperformanceofthemembranesPVDF/PS,PS,,,PVDFPVDF/PS,2.,.PS,,,.,,.,,,,,,,.　5:PVDF/PS·11　　　·　,.,-,.,-,.PS,,,.2.3　,,..3,DMF,,,.(PVDF/PS=9∶0.8):14%;LiCl:2%3　DMAc/DMFFig.3　EffectofDMAc/DMFratioonperformanceofthemembranes2.4　,,,,.,.PVDF/PS,LiCl,,4.Kesting-[7],LiCl,,,,,,,,,　　　(PVDF/PS=9∶0.8):14%,DMAc/DMF=6∶44　LiClFig.4　EffectofLiClconcentrationonperformanceofthemembranes,,,.2.5　2.5.1　,PVDF/PS,.,,,5.5　Fig.5　EffectofcoagulationbathtemperatureonperformanceofthemembranesSourirajan[8],.,,,,,,.2.5.2　,.、、、,　·12　　　·　　　　　25　,:,,6.,,,.7,,,,,,,,,,,.6　Fig.6　Effectofcoagulationbathonperformanceofthemembranes7　Fig.7　Effectofethanolconcentrationonperformanceofthemembranes2.6　.,.,PVDF/PS,,,,-.,,PVDF/PS,.PVDF/PS,,,,.,8.8　Fig.8　EffectofsolventvolatilizationtimeonperformanceofthemembranesPVDF,,.,,,,,.“”,8.,,,,、,;,、,,,10min,,“”.PVDF/PS,.8,,,,PVDFPS,,.2.7　6min,,9.9,,,40℃,.,,,,　5:PVDF/PS·13　　　·　,,,,.,,,,.,,.9　Fig.9　Effectofheattreatmenttemperatureonperformanceofthemembranes3　结论,.-PVDF/PS,:1),.2)PS,.PS,.3)DMF/DMAc、　　,DMF,,.4),LiCl,.5),.:,.,,.6),,40℃,,.7),,,.[1]　,　,　,.[J].,2000,(16):24-28.[2],,.[J].,2003,23(2):57-61.[3],　,,.[J].,2001,(21):34-37.[4]　.[M].:,1989.[5],,　.1.2[J].(),1983(3):54-62.[6],　,.PVDF/PS[J].,1997(23):131-133.[7]KestingRE.Syntheticpolymericmembranes:Astruc-turalperspective[M].2ndEd.NewYork:1985.[8]SourirajanS,MatsuuraT.Reverseosmosis/ultrafiltrationprocessprinciples[M].Ottawa:NRCC,1985.(20)《》《》2005913～15“”.,.123,100,530,.100.00(15%),《》.,《》1999～2004,():1999～2002200320042003/1001301005025　　:19606　　:100029:010-64452115,80492417　　:[e-mail]()　·14　　　·　　　　　25　SeparationofcarbondioxidefromgasmixturesbymembranecontactorLUJiangang,MAJun,WANGLianjun(SchoolofChemicalEngineeringandTechnology,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210094,China)Abstract:Membranecontactormadeofhollowfiberpolypropylenemembrane(HFPPM)wasusedasseparator.TheabsorbentwastheaqueoussolutionofMDEA(N-methyldiethanolamine).Mass-transferperformanceofseparatingCO2fromN2/CO2wasstudiedinHFPPMcontactor.Effectofvariousfactors,includingconcentra-tionofabsorbentandfeedinggas,temperatureofoperation,flowvelocityofabsorbentandfeedinggas,lumen/shellsideprocesses,anddifferencesofmembranemodulesandmembraneconfigurationontheCO2absorptionef-ficiencywereinvestigated.Meanwhile,operationstabilityofHFPPMcontactorwasexperimentedinitially.TheresultsshowthatthecharacteristicsofseparationofCO2bymembranecontactorareofquickermasstransferve-locityandhigherefficiencyofseparation.Keywords:membranecontactor;hollowfiberpolypropylenemembrane;MDEA;carbondioxide(14)PreparationofPVDF/PSblendmicro-porousmembraneYUNYanbin1,2,LIJiding1,MARunyu2(1.DepartmentofChemicalEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China;2.SchoolofChemicalEngineering,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,Beijing100029,China)Abstract:Themicro-porousmembranewaspreparedfromPVDF/PSblendpolymerbyL-Sphaseinversionmethod.Theeffectsofpolymerconcentration,PVDF/PSratio,solvents,additive,temperatureandcomposi-tionofcoagulationbath,solventvolatilizationtimeandheattreatmenttemperatureonthemembraneperfor-mancewerestudied.Theresultsundertheexperimentalconditionsshowthat:(1)DMF/DMAcblendsolventwasbeneficialtoimprovetheporesizeandporosityofthemembranes;(2)theporesizeandtheporosityofthemembranesincreasedasLiClconcentrationincreased;(3)temperatureofcoagulationbathwaslesseffectiveformembraneperformancethancompositionofcoagulationbath;(4)theporesizeandtheporosityofthemem-branesdecreasedwithextendingsolventvolatilizationtime.Whenpropercompositionofcastingsolutionwereselected,themicro-porousmembranewithporediameter0.2～1.0μmandporosity90%canbeobtained,andporosityofPVDF/PSblendsmembranewasmorethanthatofPVDFmembrane,soitisagoodmethodtoimproveporesizeandporosityofPVDFmembranewithblendmethod.Keywords:blend;micro-porousmembrane;PVDF;PS;phaseinversion　·20　　　·　　　　　25