UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器启动研究周少奇

　第24卷第6期2005年11月　　　　　　　食品与生物技术学报JournalofFoodScienceandBiotechnology　　　　　　Vol.24　No.6Nov.　2005　:1673-1689(2005)06-0001-05　　:2005-05-17;　:2005-06-19.　　:(20377013);(020959).:(1965-),,,,.UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器启动研究周少奇,　姚俊芹(华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510640)　:采用一套有效容积为3.2L的UASB反应器,接种普通城市污水处理厂污泥浓缩池污泥,以自配含NH4+-N和NO2--N的废水为进水,对ANAMMOX反应过程的启动和运行特征进行了研究.结果表明:进水溶解氧质量浓度为2.7～3.2mg/L,反应器的启动经历了污泥适应期、ANA-MMOX活性表现期及ANAMMOX活性提高期3个阶段,在反应器运行的第119天,NH4+-N和NO2--N的去除率分别为96.6%,75.4%,成功启动了厌氧氨氧化过程.在将NH4+-N浓度从50mg/L提高到70mg/L,使进水中NH4+-N比NO2--N为1∶1.32时,NH4+-N、NO2--N、TN的去除率分别达到了99.9%,99.9%和91.2%.ANAMMOX反应过程中,去除的NH4+-N、NO2--N和生成的N03--N的比例表现为1∶1.54∶0.30.pH出水高于进水,稳定在8.4左右.碱度进、出水变化不大.获得的具有厌氧氨氧化活性的污泥为褐色,并在反应器的下部形成了褐色颗粒污泥.运行表明,容积负荷、反应区温度对ANAMMOX反应的稳定运行产生明显影响.:厌氧氨氧化;UASB;启动;生物脱氮:X172:AStart-upofAnaerobicAmmoniumOxidationReactioninUASBBioreactorZHOUShao-qi,　YAOJun-qin(CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510640,Guangdong,China)Abstract:Thestart-upofanaerobicammoniumoxidation(ANAMMOX)processandoperationalcharacteristicsina3.2LUpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket(UASB)reactorseedingwithactivatedsludgefromamunicipalsewagetreatmentplantwasinvestigated.TheUASBbioreactorwasfeedwithartificialwastewatercomposedofammoniumandnitriteatproperNH4+-N/NO2--Nratioandtheinfluentdissolvedoxygenconcentrationof2.7～3.2mg/L.TheresultsdemonstratedthatANAMMOXprocesswasachievedsuccessfullywithhighremovalefficienciesofNH4+-NandNO2--Nupto99.6%and75.4%after119day’sofoperationandacclimation.TheremovalefficienciesofNH4+-N,NO2--NandTNcouldreachashighas99.9%,99.9%,and91.2%aftertheconcentrationofNH4+-Nincreasedform50mg/Lto70mg/LandtheratioofNH4+-NtoNO2--Nwasequalto1∶1.32.Furthermore,theaverageratioofremovedammonia,removednitriteandproducednitratewas1∶1.54∶0.30atthestablestageoftheprocess.TheeffluentpHkeptaround8.4andthealkalinityvariedalittle.ThebiomassobtainedwithhighANAMMOXactivitywasbrown.Thegrain-sludgeofbrownwasfoundatthebottomofthebioreactor.Theoperationshowedthatthevolumeloadandthetemperatureofreactionpartcouldinfluencetherunningofthebioreactor.Keywords:anammox;UASB;start-up;biologicalnitrogenremoval　　(ANAMMOX)1995Delft420[1],,,.,、,[2]、[3,4]、[5]ANAMMOX,ANA-MMOX.,ANAMMOX,,ANAMMOX.S.KTOH[6],5ANAMMOX.、[7],,、90%、99%95%,、[8,9],,,105d,95%,,110dANAMMOX.、[9],,、90,99%95%.、[10]3UASB,、,225,220250d,,80%.ANAMMOX[11,12].“”,,UASBANAMMOX.1　材料与方法1.1　1.UASB,3.2L,2.28L,0.92L,(32±1)℃.1.UASB;2.;3.;4.;5.;6.;7.;8.1　Fig.1　Experimentalapparatusandprocessschemechart1.2　.(g/L):KH2PO40.027,MgSO4H2O0.300,CaCl20.136,NaHCO30.500,NH4ClNaNO2.Ⅰ(g/L):EDTA5.000FeSO45.000;Ⅱ(g/L):ZnSO47H2O0.430,CuSO45H2O0.250,MnCl24H2O0.990,NiCl26H2O0.190,CoCl26H2O0.24,H3BO40.014.Ⅰ、Ⅱ1ml/L..,,,.MLSS36.72食　品　与　生　物　技　术　学　报　　　　　　　　　　　　第24卷　g/L,2.4L,75%.1.3　[13]NH4+:;NO2-:N-(1-)-;NO3-:;pH:;:.2　结果与讨论2.1　、.1～100,20～80mg/L,10～110mg/L,10～20h,11h,、0.08～0.12kgNH4+-N/(m3d)、0.15～0.25kgNO2+-N/(m3d)、0.23～0.37kgTN/(m3d).100～162,40～90mg/L,70～180mg/L,24h,、0.04～0.08kgNH4+-N/(m3d)、0.08～0.16kgNO2--N/(m3d)、0.13～0.23kgTN/(m3d).2～4ANAMMOX3,(1～56)→(57～99)→(100～119).2　、Fig.2　VariationofNH4+-Nduringtheoperation3　、Fig.3　VariationofNO2--Nduringtheoperation4　、Fig.4　VariationofNO3--Nduringtheoperation2.1.1　污泥的适应阶段　,,,,,,,,NO2--NNO3--N0,NH4+-N,NH4+-N.56d,,NO2--N0%,.2.1.2　ANAMMOX活性表现阶段　,57NH4+-NNO2--N,NO3--N,ANAMMOX[14],ANAMMOX.NO2--NNH4+-N,.2.1.3　ANAMMMOX活性提高阶段　[14],ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX,11d,ANAMMOX.ANAMMOX,NH4+-NNO2--N.,,2.7～3.2mg/L,UASB,、.,,,ANAM-MOX.,,.100,11h24h,,ANAMMOX3　第6期周少奇等:UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器启动研究,119,NH4+-NNO2--N96.6%75.4%,ANAMMOX.NO2--N,.,NH4+-N50mg/L70mg/L,NH4+-NNO2--N1∶1.32,NH4+-N、NO2--N、TN99.9,99.9%91.2%.119ANAM-MOXANAMMOX.,,ANAMMOX.,24h,,,.,,,.2.2　ANAMMOXGraaf[15]15N,ANAM-MOXNO2-NO3-,NO2-NO3-.ANAMMOX(100～163),NH4、NO2-,NO3-NH4+∶NO2-∶NO3-=1∶1.54∶0.30,1∶1.32∶0.26[14],,,.2.3　pHpH7～8,300～500mg/L.,pH,8.2,ANAMMOX,pH8.4.,.ANAM-MOX[11,12],ANAM-MOXNO2--N,.:ANAMMOX,ANAMMOXNO2--N.2.4　,,.3d,,,6.,,.120,,.100,,,,.160,,[14].,.,,.2.5　2.5.1　容积负荷　ANAMMOX,,.5,ANAMMOX,.,ANAMMOX.,,,.5　Fig.5　VariationofNH4+-Nremovalefficiencyandloadingrate2.5.2　反应温度　ANAMMOX,20～43℃,[14].32℃,ANAM-MOX.164,,27℃,,0%,0,、pH.,ANAMMOX,ANAM-MOX.32℃,ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX.4食　品　与　生　物　技　术　学　报　　　　　　　　　　　　第24卷　3　结　论1),ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX.2)UASBANAMMOX,、ANAMMOXAN-AMMOX3,119,NH4+-NNO2--N96.6%75.4%.NH4+-N,NH4+-N、NO2--N、TN99.9,99.9%91.2%.3)ANAMMOX,pH,8.4;、.,.4),3.0mg/L,UASBANAMMOX,UASBANAMMOX,,.AN-AMMOX.ANAMMOX、,UASBANAMMOX.:[1]MnlderA,VandeGraafAA,RobertsonLA,etal.Anareobicammoniumoxidationdiscoveredinadenitrifyingfluid-izedbedreactor[J].FEMSMicrobiolEcol,1995,16(3):177-183.[2]JettenMSM.Newpathwaysforammoniaconversioninsoilandaquaticsystems[J].PlantSoil,2001,230(1):9-19.[3]RysgaardS,GludRN.AnaerobicN2productioninArcticseaice[J].LimnOcean,2004,49(1):86-94.[4]KuypersMMM,SliekersAO,LavikG,SchmidM,etal.AnaerobicammoniumoxidationbyanammoxbacteriaintheBlackSea[J].Nature,2003,422(6932):608-611.[5]DalsgaardT,CanfieldDE,PetersenJ,etal.N2productionbytheanammoxreactionintheanoxicwatercolumnofGolfoDulce,CostaRica[J].Nature,2003,422(6932):606-608.[6]TohSK,WeebRI,AshbltNJ.EnrichmentofAutotrophicAnaerob