氨的厌氧氧化王建龙

王建龙(、,100084)　　　氨氧化　废水脱氮　　、,,,。。。,,。,,,;[1～3]。。。1.,CO2,NH4+。:　Ⅰ:2NH4++O2→2NO2-+4H++2H2O+　Ⅱ:2NO2-+O2→2NO3-+(Nitro-somonas)(Nitrobacter)。,Nitrosonomaseuropaea、N.multi-farmisNitrosonomassp.NO、N2ON2,。:N.europaea。N.europaeaNitrosovibriostrainK71NO。,,,Nitrobacter[2]。2.NH4+,,。。,,NH4+,NH4+NO3-,[4]:5NH4++3NO3-→4N2+9H2O+2H+　　ΔG=-297kJ/molNH4+,NO2-:NH4++NO2-→N2+2H2OΔG=-358kJ/molNH4+NH4+。,,。:,N.eu-ropaeaNO2-,N2O。15N,N2ON2NO2-,NH4+。RemedeN.europaea,NON2ONO2-。,NH4+,,NH4+—37—《》19971761　NH4+ΔG°(kJ/molNH4+)15NH4++3NO3-→4N2+9H2O+2H+-2972NH4++NO2-→N2+2H2O-358310NH4++2NO3-+5O2→6N2+16H2O+8H+-31042NH4++2O2+H2→N2+4H2O+2H+-43558NH4++6O2→4N2+12H2O+8H+-316。NH4+1。1。(1)Gibbs[5]。(2)1、2NH4+。(3)3NH4+,NO3-O2,:5NH4++5H2O→5NH2OH+10[H]+5H+20[H]+5O2→10H2O5NH2OH+NO3-+H+→3N2+8H2O(4)4NH4+,:2NH4++2O2+4[H]→2NH2OH+2H2O+2H+2NH2OH→N2+2H2O+2[H]4,2[H]H2。(5)5NH4+N2,O2。　　　　[1]MunchEVetal.WatRes,1996,30(2):277～284　[2]StepanovALetal.BiotechnolApplBiochem,1997,25(2):97～104　[3]KuenenJGetal.FEMSMicrobiolRev,1994,15:109～117　[4]NielEWJetal.FEMSMicrobiolEcol,1993,102:109～118　[5]ThauerRKetal.BacteriolRev,1977,41:100～180(1997813)AD　　MitoKorRobertDavisCharlottesvilleVirqiniaW.DavisParker429PNAS,AD(CO),COAD。AD。ParkerADCO,。CO133DNA。,ADADAD,。,CO。506AD60%,95()20%。ADDNA,。AD。4YanknerDanaGaduzda,COβ-,β-AD。(BarinageM.Science,1997,276:682)“”HIVHIV。I,(ribozyme)。——GeneShearsJohnson&JohnsonRe-search——。“——GeneShears——WayneGerlach(Johnson&Johnson)JimHaseloff()1988(Nature,1988,334:585&1989,342:609)。(Nature,1977,388:510)—38—《》1997176