人工湿地堵塞问题的探讨

,(,200092):20,,,,,:;;;;:X703:B:1000-4602(2009)06-0024-06DiscussiononConstructedWetlandsCloggingZHUJie,CHENHong2bin(CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Asalowcostalternativetotraditionalsewagepurification,thetechnologyofconstructedwetlandshasbeendevelopedinrecent20yearsandmanycountrieshavepaidmuchattentiontoit.Acomprehensiveanalysisofsoilcloggingphenomenaintheoperationofconstructedwetlandsisperformed,andthefactorsrelatedtosoilcloggingaresummarized.Thecloggingmechanismsandmodelsaredis2cussed.Somesolutionsofavoidingcloggingandmethodsforremedyingthecloggingareputforward.Keywords:constructedwetlands;carriers;clogging;mechanisms;remediation:(2007DFA90280);(2006BAJ08B06),()(),100,5,,,[1],,,,,1,:,,,,;,,,[13],,,4225620093CHINAWATER&WASTEWATERVol.25No.6Mar.2009:,;;,SS,,,;,,,,,,,,(),,SS,,,,,,[4],,,,,[5],,,,()Ryszard[2],pH2,,,,,,,211,[68],5.0m,,,,,,,21111,,(71318155kg/m2),,,,PlatzerMauch25gBOD/(m2d)[9]T.H.F.WongLaak,,,,,Laak,,,,,100mm[10],52:256,,[11],,,,21112,,[12],(05m),,[13],SSCOD,Winter,,COD50m[14]212,,(),,,,()(36)(510)(612)mm,816mm,,,,,,,[15],,;,,,DO,DO,,[10]25mm,,,,,,(),()[16],(1.02.5m/d),,,,,,[17]04mm(600mm)250mm48mm350mm816mm,,Y.Q.Zhao[18],213,62256[3],,Watson[19],(),,,,,,,,/18H.Bouwer,10d,20d,,214,[20],,,,[21],3%44%,,,,Tanner[22],,Long.Nguyen[23],100mm[0.17kg/(m2a)],,,;3311,,,Magesan(C/N66),80%,2.8[24],,312,[5]DO,DO,,,313,,[4],,;,,,,[17]314Langergraber[25],,,;,,,,315L.Davisonh,72:256,[26],316,(),,Shaw5%,[5],4,,,,,,,:,(),,,,,,,,:[1]USEPA.SubsurfaceFlowConstructedWetlandsforWastewaterTreatment[M].WashingtonDC:USEPA,1993.[2]BlazejewskiR,Murat2BlazejewskiS.Soilcloggingphe2nomenainconstructedwetlandswithsubsurfaceflow[J].WaterSciTechnol,1997,35(5):183-188.[3]McCrayJE,HuntzingerDN.Mathematicalmodelingofunsaturatedflowandtransportinsoil2basedwastewatertreatmentsystems[A].WEFTEC2000Symposium[C].WashingtonDC:WaterEnvironmentFederation,2000.[4],.[J].,2004,24(10):9-12.[5],,,.[J].,2003,19(3):17-20.[6]NguyenLM.Organicmattercomposition,microbialbio2massandmicrobialactivityingravel2bedconstructedwetlandstreatingfarmdairywastewaters[J].EcolEng,2000,16(2):199-221.[7],,,.[J].,2002,21(5):474-476.[8]ChrisCTM,JamesPSS,MartinPU.Organicmatteraccumulationduringmaturationofgravel2bedconstructedwetlandstreatingfarmdairywastewater[J].WaterRes,1998,32(10):3046-3054.[9]PlatzerC,MauchK.Soilclogginginverticalflowreedbeds:mechanisms,parameters,consequencesandsolu2tions?[J].WaterSciTechnol,1997,35(5):175-181.[10],,,.[J].,2004,25(3):144-149.[11],,.[J].,2003,23(5):457-461.[12],,,.[J].,2007,29(10):770-772.[13],,.[J].,2007,19(1):25-31.[14]WinterKJ,GoetzD.Theimpactofsewagecompositiononthesoilcloggingphenomenaofverticalflowconstruc2tedwetlands[J].WaterSciTechnol,2003,48(5):9-14.[15],.[M].:,1991.(33)82256:[1]BoothDE,LeavittJ.Fieldevaluationofpermeablepave2mentsystemsforimprovedstormwatermanagement[J].JAmPlanAsso,1999,65(3):314-325.[2]GB504002006,[S].[3]BeanEZ,HuntWF,BidelspachDA.Fieldsurveyofpermeablepavementsurfaceinfiltrationrates[J].JIrrigDrainEng,2007,133(3):249-255.[4],,.[J].,2005,8(5):513-519.[5],,.[J].,2008,30(2):49-52.[6],,.[J].,2007,33(6):108-112.E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-11-21(28)[16],,,.[J].,2007,26(5):1905-1910.[17],,,.[J].,2004,23():5-8.[18]ZhaoYQ,SunG,AllenSJ.Anti2sizedreedbedsystemforanimalwastewatertreatment:acomparativestudy[J].WaterRes,2004,38(12):2907-2917.[19]WatsonJT,DanzigAJ.Pilot2scalenitrificationstudiesusingverticalflowandshallowhorizontalflowconstruc2tedwetlandscells[A].ConstructedWetlandsandWaterQualityImprovement[C].BocaRaton:Lewispubl.,1993.[20],,.[J].,2008,34(5):59-62.[21],,,.[J].(),2008,36(4):519-524.[22]TannerCC.TreatmentofAgriculturalWastewatersandGrowthofSchoenoplectusValidusinConstructedWet2lands[M].NewZealand:DepartmentofBiologicalSci2ences,UniversityofWaikato,1994.[23]NguyenLongM.Organicmattercomposition,microbialbiomassandmicrobialactivityingravel2bedconstructedwetlandstreatingfarmdairywastewaters[J].EcolEng,2000,16(2):199-221.[24]MagesanGN,WilliamsonJC,YeatesGW,etal.WastewaterCNratioeffectsonsoilhydraulicconduc2tivityandpotentialmechanismsforrecovery[J].Biore2sourTechnol,2000,71:21-27.[25]LangergraberG,HaberlR,LaberJ,etal.Evaluationofsubstratecloggingprocessesinverticalflowconstructedwetlands[J].WaterSciTechnol,2003,48(5):25-34.[26]DavisonL,HeadleyT,PrattK.Aspectsofdesign,struc2ture,performanceandoperationofreedbeds2eightyearsexperienceinnortheasternNewSouthWales,Australia[J].WaterSciTechnol,2005,51(10):129-138.:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-10-2133:256