表面活性剂LASNIS的环境安全性评价

1、(LAS&NIS)袁平夫1,廖柏寒1,卢明2(1.湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128;2.湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128):(LAS)(NIS)3,LAS,(),;NIS(APEO),:;;(LAS);(NIS):X5032:A:16711556(2004)03003104(LAS)(NIS),,4%~5%,1995900t,1,1005%~6%,2005120t[1],,,11.1,,,,,,,1.1.1LAS的毒害LASLAS2500~1300mg/kg(C12~C14)100~0.5mg/L(C10~C14)27.6~0.68mg/L(C10~C14)[2],LAS,,LAS,,[3]LAS,,10mg/L[4]LAS,[5],WaltersLAS,[6]1.1.2NIS的毒害NIS(AE)(APEO)20APEO(NPEO)(80%~85%)NPEO,LD501600mg/kg;ECO5011320049安全与环境工程SafetyandEnvironmentalEngineeringVol.11No.3Sep.2004:20040309:(1979),,,42m。

2、g/L,ECO5050mg/L,,NPEO,1NPEONP()[7]NP(EIA)199770,,NP,NPEONPEO1NPEO2NP[7]1NPTable1Ecotoxicityofnonylphenol(NP)/hLC50/mgL-114410!5.09610!//0.4/0.3/0.439610!/0.9/0.13~0.199620!/0.3/0.069963.01.2,,(1),(CMC)5.0∀10-4,(2)Hammer,,,,,LAS,,[8](3)CMC,[9],[10];,[11],2,(),:(1):,(2):(3):2.1LAS(OECD)[12],LAS,,,97.5%~99.0%,pH[13],,,LAS10mg/kg7,20mg/kgpH,LarsonLAS,,LAS,2m,95%[14],LAS,,457[15]LAS,LAS,32安全与环境工程第11卷O2,,1[15];,,,1LASFig.1Biodegradationprocessoflinearalkylbnzenesulphonate(LAS)2.2NISNISAE,,APEO,,APEO,,。

3、2[13]2APEOFig.2Biodegradationprocessofalkylphenolethoxylate(APEO)2Table2AccumulationofsurfactantsinChinesewatersNIS/mgL-1LAS/mgL-1NIS/mgL-10.029~0.0390.060.650.03~0.050.050.050.03~0.050.530.12~0.350.02~0.480.07~0.120.11~0.313,LAS0.145~2.142mg/L,1.23mg/L,(WHO)(0.5mg/L),6.99mg/L[16]2.95mg/kg3.84mg/kg,[17]2[18],LAS,LAS,5~15,LAS,1[19]14CLASCF,3[20]3LASTable3Accumulationfactorsoflinearalkylbnzenesulphonate(LAS)/dCF/dCF20105.230356.914244.540114.620116.8-23.04,::(1)LAS,;LAS,(),,()(2)NISAPEO,,,,33第3期袁平。

4、夫等:表面活性剂(LAS&NIS)的环境安全性评价(3),,#∃,,:[1].,2001,2(10):47-52.[2]KimerleRA,ZhangYY,KorteF,etal.Aquaticandterrestrialsecotoxicologyoflinearalkylbenzenesulphonate.TensideSurfDet.,1989,26(2):167-176.[3],,.14C.,1991,11(2):125-129.[4]..:1999.[5],,,.(LAS).,1994,13(2):58-62.[6]WaterJ,FeijtelJ.Lethalityofaminocarbandcomponentsofaminocarbfornoulationtojusenueatlanticsalnoon,marineinvertebratesandfreshwaterclam.Chem.Sphere,1995,30(4):1939-1956.[7],..,2001,12(6):30-33.[8],.LAS.,2001,22(1):57-61.[9],..,1999,18(9。

5、):420-424.[10]WolfWD,FeijtelT.Terrestrialriskassessmentforlinearallylbenzenesulfonateinsludgeamendedsoil.Chem.Sphere,1998,36(6):1319-1343.[11]..,1998,12(4):29-31.[12](),..,2002,25(4):11-14.[13],,,..,2001,31(5):32-36.[14]LarsonRJ..,1989(6):5-9.[15],..,1993,15(2):81-85.[16],.(LAS).,1998,24(4):26-28.[17],..,1999,20(5):63-65.[18]..,1997,17(4):246-247.[19],,.LAS..1992,15(5):68-72.[20],,..,1990,10(3):325-332.EnvironmentalSafetyEvaluationofSurfactants(LAS&NIS)YUANPingfu1,LIAOBohan1,LUMing2(1.CollegeofR。

6、esourcesandEnvironmentalScience,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128,China;2.CollegeofAgriculture,HunanAgriculturalUniversity,Changsha410128,China)Abstract:Surfactants,especiallylinearalkylbnzenesulphonate(LAS)andnonionsurfactant(NIS),havebeenusedwidely.TheenvironmentalsafetyofLASandNISwasanalyzedthroughecotoxicity,biodegradabilityandaccumulation.Surfactantshavedifferenteffectsontheenvironment.EcotoxicityandaccumulationofLASshouldbeattachedimportanceto(thoughbiodegradedeasily);a1kylphenole。

7、thoxylates(APEO)haveserioushazardtotheenvironmentbecausethebiodegradationvelocityisslowandtheecotoxicityofthemiddlebiodegradationproductishigh.Keywords:surfactant;environmentalsafetyvaluation;linearalkylbnzenesulphonate(LAS);nonionsurfactant(NIS)34安全与环境工程第11卷。