不同处理剂对电镀废水中铜锌镍重金属的去除效果研究王浩

··王浩,李永胜＊,简放陵,吴秋艳,杨壮兴,刘健平,王世友　(,510225)　[目的]综合筛选出对废水中Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+去除效果好的处理剂,为生产实践提供科学依据。[方法]用粉煤灰、煤渣、膨润土和沸石作为处理剂,分别对深圳某电镀厂废水进行吸附处理试验,检测滤液中Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的浓度。[结果]膨润土对Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+3种离子的去除效果最好,平均去除率分别为98.89%、100%、99.75%。沸石对Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+3种离子的去除效果最差。粉煤灰、煤渣、沸石3种处理剂对Cu2+和Zn2+的去除效果都分别优于对Ni2+的处理效果。[结论]粉煤灰对Cu2+和Zn2+的去除效果与膨润土的去除效果相近,粉煤灰可代替膨润土处理Cu2+和Zn2+,能降低80%的处理成本。　电镀废水;处理剂;重金属;去除率　X752　　　A　　　0517-6611(2010)33-18925-02StudyontheRemovalEfficiencyofCu,ZnandNiinElectroplatingWastewaterbyDifferentTreatmentAgentsWANGHaoetal　(CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,ZhongkaiUniversityofAgricultureandEngineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong510225)Abstract　[Objective]TheresearchaimedtoselectthebestadditivetoremoveCu2+,Zn2+andNi2+.[Method]Theflyash,cinderscoal,bentonite,zeolitewereusedfortreatmentagentstotreatelectroplatingwastewaterinShenzhen,andtheconcentrationsofCu2+,Zn2+,Ni2+infilterliquidwereexamined.[Result]TheresultsshowedthattheremovalefficiencyofbentonitetoCu2+,Zn2+andNi2+werebetterthanoth-ersandtheremovalratecanattain97.35%,100%,99.75%separately.ThezeolitehadtheworsteffecttoremoveCu2+,Zn2+,Ni2+.A-partfromtheadditionofbentonite,theremovaleffectofotheradditivesonCu2+andZn2+werebetterthanNi2+.[Conclusion]FlyashhadasimilareffectasbentonitetoCu2+,Zn2+.FlyashcanreplacebentoniteprocessingtoCu2+,Zn2+,anditcouldreduce80%ofthecostofprocessing.Keywords　Electroplatewastewater;Treatmentagent;Heavymetal;Removalrate　广东省科技厅大学生科技创业项目(粤科高字[2009]212号)。　王浩(1976-),男,湖北襄樊人,助理研究员,从事固废处理和农业资源利用方面的研究。＊通讯作者,E-mail:[e-mail]。　2010-08-30　　,,。,40m3[1-2]。,,,、、、[3-4]。,、、。,3:;、、;、、、。,[5]。、。,,,,。,,Na+、Fe3+、Cl-,,[3,6]。,、、,,[6]。1　1.1　1.1.1　。、、。1.1.2　。,:Cu2+81.85mg/L,Zn2+18.26mg/L,Cr6+2.08mg/L,Ni2+49.50mg/L,Pb2+0.094mg/L,Cu2+、Zn2+、Cr6+(,)、Ni2+[《》(GB8978-1996)]。1.2　　3,3,0.25、0.50、0.75g/ml(),[3,7-9],(,),13,3。4、、25ml,10min,1mol/LNaOHpH7.0～7.5[3],15min,,Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+,Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+(%),:=(+-)/(+)×100%。2　2.1　Cu2+　1,0.25g/ml,Cu2+,;Cu2+。0.50g/ml,Cu2+,;Cu2+;Cu2+。0.75g/ml,Cu2+、,。,Cu2+、,Cu2+。,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2010,38(33):18925-18926,18929　姜丽　　况玲玲:,0.05。Note:Withinthesametreatmentagent,differentsmalllettersincolum-nardiagrammeandifferenceat0.05level.1　4Cu2+Fig.1　EffectoftreatmentagentsontheremovalrateofCu2+、3Cu2+,93.75%～99.03%。0.25g/ml,2.00mg/L,(GB8978-1996)。Cu2+,,0.25g/ml0.500.75g/ml,0.25g/mlCu2+4.91mg/L,2.00mg/L。,0.25g/ml,Cu2+3。2.2　Zn2+　2,,Zn2+。0.25g/ml,Zn2+,;Zn2+,,Zn2+1.72。0.50g/ml,、、Zn2+,。0.75g/ml,Zn2+,100%,,Zn2+。,Zn2+,。、0.25、0.50、0.75g/ml,Zn2+0～0.87mg/L,5.00mg/L。1/5,,Zn2+,80%。,Zn2+,,。2.3　Ni2+　3,,Ni2+。0.25g/ml,Ni2+,Ni2+,。0.50g/ml,Ni2+,;Ni2+,。0.75g/ml,:,0.05。Note:Withinthesametreatmentagent,differentsmalllettersincolum-nardiagrammeandifferenceat0.05level.2　4Zn2+Fig.2　EffectoftreatmentagentsontheremovalrateofZn2+Ni2+,;Ni2+,。,Ni2+,,,99.8%,76.6%,1.30;Ni2+,。:,0.05。Note:Withinthesametreatmentagent,differentsmalllettersincolum-nardiagrammeandifferenceat0.05level.3　4Ni2+Fig.3　EffectoftreatmentagentsontheremovalrateofNi2+3　　　(1),、、4,Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+,98.0%。Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+,3。Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+,Cu2+、Zn2+Ni2+;Cu、Zn2+。4～5,Cu2+、Zn2+,。,Cu2+、Zn2+　(下转第18929页)18926　　　　　　　　　　安徽农业科学　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　201099.2%,864.8%～922.8%;,1,,,,9.65～10.23。,,6.0%;1.1%。3　Table3　InvestigationontheplantgrowthundertheconditionofdifferenttreatmentsTreatment1Thetotalaverageofthefirstinvestigation∥Thenumberofsprout∥cmStembasediameter∥cmLength2Thetotalaverageofthesecondinvestigation∥Thenumberofsprout∥cmStembasediameter∥cmLength①3.82.3960.114.01.2839.93②4.02.2263.724.21.2242.46③3.92.4961.464.11.3238.72④3.82.4862.123.91.2040.18⑤(CK)7.71.256.233.70.6534.43　　3,2,84.6%～103.1%,12.5%～23.3%;,6.3%;3.8%。4　(1),,,,,,,70.0cm,3,40.0cm,,。,、。(2),,,,,,。(3),、、,。(4),、、,、。1,,。,。:(),177.6%～99.2%,10.00;284.6%～103.1%,12.5%～23.3%。[1]郭善基.中国果树志.银杏卷[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1993.[2]钟锦标.银杏的经济价值及栽培管理技术[J].福建林业科技,2006,33(4):251.[3]曹福亮.中国银杏志[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2007.[4]孙力川.“银杏热”中的冷思考[N].文摘报,1999-05-27.[5]邓荫伟,黄连桂,邓业成.广西银杏冰雪灾害调查及治理技术[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(4):586-591.[6]李晓铁,邓荫伟,文桂喜.广西核用银杏良种选育和应用[J].林业科技开发,2008,22(3):83.[7]邓荫伟,李晓铁,周海平,等.银杏主要病虫害综合治理技术应用[J].林业科技开发,2006,20(1):63.(上接第18926页);80%。[10]。　　(2),Cu2+、Zn2+,96.0%,Ni2+。Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+,Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+。0.25～0.75g/ml。[1]李健,张惠源,尔丽珠.电镀重金属废水治理技术的发展现状(Ⅰ)[J].电镀与精饰,2003,25(3):36-38,42.[2]黄瑞光.21世纪电镀废水治理的发展趋势[J].电镀与精饰,2000,22(3):1-2.[3]曾芳.粉煤灰处理电镀废水最佳条件的选择研究[J].粉煤灰综合利用,2004,6(3):41-42.[4]何升霞,姬相艳.利用废铁屑处理含铬废水试验研究[J].油气田环境保护,2002,10(2):36-37.[5]王代芝,赵艳萍.粉煤灰处理含汞废水的研究[J].化学与生物工程,2006,31(3):96-98.[6]陈玲,赵建夫,夏目清,等.环境监测[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:126-132.[7]胡涛,马喜军,景怡,等.改性粉煤灰处理废水的应用研究[J].洁净煤技术,2006,12(4):70-72,83.[8]罗道成,刘俊峰,陈安国.改性膨润土的制备及其对电镀废水中Pb2+、Cr3+、Ni2+的吸附性能研究[J].中国矿业,2003,12(1l):53-55.[9]罗道成,易平贵,陈安国.改性沸石对电镀废水中Pb2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的吸附[J].材料保护,2002,35(7):41-43.[10]齐广才,刘珍叶,梁毓学,等.用粉煤灰处理含镉、铅、锌、铜废水[C]//城市建设与环境保护学术研讨会论文集.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1997:210-212.1892938卷33期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　邓荫伟等　银杏果叶两用林冰雪灾害治理研究