城市生活污水厌氧生物处理发展现状李亮

李　亮　黄　丽　刘　燕＊(,200433)　　,。　　　　PresentdevelopmentsituationofanaerobictreatmentformunicipalwastewaterLiLiang　HuangLi　LiuYan(DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200433)Abstract　ThedevelopmentofanaerobictreatmentsformunicipalwastewaterinChinaandoverseaisreviewedinthispaper.ThecharacteristicsofmunicipalwastewaterinChinaandtheapplicationofanaerobictreatmentinmunicipalwastewaterarediscussed.Keywords　lowconcentration;psychrophilic;anaerobictreatment;municipalwastewater:“863”(2003AA601020):2003-09-01;:2003-11-19:(1983～),,:。E-mail:[e-mail]＊1　　1995～2001(1),,200t/a,COD800t/a,。22.3%,COD,。、,[1]。,、、、、、、、、、、99。9.84×106t,4×103t,1.0×106t。,,、,、,()、。,CODCr300～500mg/L,BOD5200～300mg/L,SS300mg/L,NH3-N30～40mg/L,TP10～30mg/L,pH7。1,,82%;,11%;5%。,。2005,45%,5060%,,。,、、、,,。2　19,。,1960,512Vol.5,No.12200412TechniquesandEquipmentforEnvironmentalPollutionControlDec.20041　Table1　PresentsituationofmunicipalwastewaterinChina(t)(t)(t)COD(t)COD(t)COD(t)(%)2001428.4200.7227.71406.5607.579985.6＊2000415194221144570574094.71999401197204138969269787.21998395.3200.5194.8149680169587.419974162271891757107368478.91995356.2222.5133.7—770—97.8　　:(＊)1　Fig.1　PresentstateofmunicipalwastewatertreatmentplantsinChina[2]。,。,/(AFB/AEB)、[2]。(UASB)(AF)[3]。,AFB/AEB,,[4]。UASB,,[5]。,,UASB(EGSB)。,[6]:(1)、,;(2),;(3),;(4),;(5),,;(6)。[4,6～8]:(1),;(2),,;(3),,10～22℃,,10℃,;(4),,;(5)(100mg/L),;(6)。3　3:,,,,;、,(AF)、(AFB)、(UASB),UASB,,、,;UASB,,。:(EGSB)、(IC)(AMBS)[9]。,25,。。3.1　(septictanks),。。、,60%～80%,BOD30%～50%[10]。,,,、(,)、,,,,。3.2　(AF)。,,。,2。,,,;,。。3.3　(AFB)。,,。,,[11]。,,,,。3.4　(ABR)2080。ABR,,,,,,。(COD500mg/L),、,[12]。CODCr300～500mg/L,,ABR,(1～10gCOD/L)(10gCOD/L),ABR,COD95%[13]。3.5　(UASB)UASB2070。。,,。,,,,,[14]。,,,,。UASB,BritoA.G.[15]UASB,,。SotoM.[16](30℃)(20℃)(COD500mg/L)UASB,1～2。3.6　UASB,LettingaUASBEGSB[17]。15℃[18]。UASB,EGSB、,,,。,EGSB()UASB[19]。,EGSB。4　　　:、、[3,6,20]。。COD312　:2　Table2　Laboratoryandpilot-scaleexperimentalresultsofpsychrophilicanaerobictreatmentfordomesticwastewater(L)(℃)(h)COD(BOD)(mg/L)BOD(%)COD(%)TSS(%)UASB12019～284627(357)787472[22]UASB12016～187—72—89[17]UASB1602064675054—[23]UASB12012～162468855～75—55～80[25]UASB12016～187646—7289[25]UASB160206107664—88[3]UASB1208～108342—5550[14]ASBR62016600(294)—80～90—[26]ASBR61512400(196)—80—[26]RSFFR30162443560—66[27]RSFFR30292432866—86[27]AFB0.543～102.4～3.3150～590—60～80—[4]AFB—17～256.4267—4750[28]ABR102010500—70—[12]AF2020～352428873—73[24]　　ASBR:;RSFFR:-;AFB:3　Table3　Resultsofpsychrophilicanaerobictreatmentfordomesticwastewaterinfull-scaleplants　UASBUASBUASBUASBUASBAFUASB(m3)20612035642201200(h)1084.7～9.056126(℃)15～1615～1921～2523～272515～2520～30(kgCOD/m3·d)0.4～0.90.5～1.0——20.7—COD(%)495570667849～7862～70BOD(%)——80806669～8365～75TSS(%)60607970756867～79COD(mg/L)170～3032209614512092～19891～103BOD(mg/L)6940～11031392522～5550～56TSS(mg/L)5143～80357030117134[29][29][14][30][20][31][32]1000mg/L[21],30℃。,,(UASB、EGSB),2、3。,[4]。COD25%～30%[3]。20℃[33]。,。,,,,[7]。LettingaEGSB,,,,。455　,《》(GB18918-2002),BOD5≤30mg/,NH3-N≤25mg/L,。,。、、(4)[34],,。,。()[33],,,,。4　[35]Table4　Alternativetechniq15uesforpost-treatmentofanaerobictreatmenteffluents[35]BODTSS/N(pH)P(pH)/pH、BODTSS/pHN(pH)PBODTSSPFe3(PO4)2BODTSSP/(Pathogens)Cl2O3BODTSS/(Pathogens)N6　2:。CH4,。,,,。。。20℃,(、)[35]。7　(1)()。,、,,,,。,。(2)。,,。Dague(SBR)[36],ASBR。、、、。,[37]()-,,。[1]..:,1992.28512　:～29[2]MaragnoA.L.F.C.,CamposJ.R.Treatmentofwastewaterwithalowconcentrationoforganicsusingananaerobicfluidizedbedreactor.Wat.Sci.Tech.,1992,25(7):179～191[3]MegaertK.,VanderhaegenB.,Verstaete,W.Applicationandtrendsofpre-treatmentofmunicipalwastewater.Wat.Res.,1992,26(8):1025～1033[4]SanzI.Fdz-PolancoF.Lowtemperatureofmunicipalsewageinanaerobicfluidizedbedreactor.Wat.Res.,1990,24(4):463～469[5]LettingaG.,HulshoffPolL.W.UASB-processdesignforvari-oustypesofwastewaters.Wat.Sci.Tech.,1991,24(8):87～107[6]LettingaG.DeManA.,vanderLastA.R.M.,etal.Anaerobictreatmentofdomesticsewageandwastewater.Wat.Sci.Tech.,1993,27(9):67～73[7]JwellW.J.Thedevelopmentofanaerobicwastewatertreatment.ProceedingsofAnaerobicTreatmentofSewage.TheSeminar/Workshop.UniversityofMassachusetts,USA,1985[8]RittmanB.E.,BaskinD.E.Theoreticalandmodelingaspectsofanaerobictreatmentofsewage.ProceedingofAnaerobicTreatmentofSewage.TheSeminar/Workshop.UniversityofMassachusetts,USA,1985[9],..,2002,21(1):32～36[10]BoyerJ.A.,RcokC.A.Performanceofseptictanks.Proceed-ingsofSeventhNorthwestOn-SiteWastewaterTreatment.ShortCourseandEquipmentExhibition.EditorSeabloomR.W.UniversityofWashington,Seattle,USA,1992[11]YodaM.,HattoriM.,MiyajiY.Treatmentofmunicipalwastewaterbyanaerobicfluidizedbed:Behaviouroforganicsuspendedsolidsinanaerobicreactor.ProceedingsofAnaero-bicTreatmentofSewage.TheSeminar/Workshop.UniversityofMassachusetts,USA,1985[12]AletteA.M.Langenhoff,DavidC.Stuckey.Treatmentofdi-lutedwastewaterusingananaerobicbaffledreactor:Effectoflowteamperature.Wat.Res.,2000,34(15):3867～3875[13]BarberW.P.,StuckeyD.C.Theuseofanaerobicbaffledre-actor(ABR)forwastewatertreatment:Areview.Wat.Res.,1999,33(7):1559～1578[14]VieiraS.M.M.,GarciaA.