城市污水处理与受纳湖库水体富营养化成因分析

:2004-06-10.:(1953.4.~),,.:.E-mail:[e-mail].胡开林,邓柳,王丽风(,650093):湖库水富营养化的原因在于水体中氮磷超标.针对目前城市污水多采用二级处理,其排放的水质基本上达不到湖库水体防止富营养化的水质要求;另外,大多数污水处理厂采取的生物处理工艺,都未能保证微生物需要的BOD5NP比例为10051,排放水中存在水质指标单项过剩!,其达标排放!水仍然是湖库富营养化的污染源.提出湖库区的城市污水处理应以水环境容量要求为处理标准;处理工艺中应全程控制水中的BOD5NP的比例和氮磷去除率,从源头防止湖库水富营养化.:城市污水处理;湖库水;富营养化:X524:A:1007-855X(2004)04-0168-05AnalysisontheCityWastewaterTreatmentandtheEutrophicationofLakesandReservoirsHUKailin,DENGLiu,WANGLifeng(FacultyofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650093,China)Abstract:Thereasonofeutrophicationofthelakeandreservoirliesinthefactthatthedensityofnitrogenandphosphateinthewaterexceedsthestandard.Thedegreeofthetreatmentofcitywastewateratpresentcannotsatisfytherequestsofpreventingthelakeandreservoirfromeutrophication.MostbiologicaltreatingplantscannotguaranteethattheproportionofBOD5NPis10051demandedformicroorganism,andtheindexofwaterqualityexistssingle-itemexcess!,soitsstandardmarkexhausts!isstillthesourceofeutrophicationofthelakeandreservoir.Sothedegreeofthetreatmentofcitywastewateramongthelakeandreservoiroughttomatchthecapacityrequestsofthelakeandreservoir,andtheproportionofBOD5NPshouldbecontrolledduringthetreatmentprocessinordertoavoidtheeutrophicationofthelakeandreservoirfromcontaminativesource.Keywords:treatmentofcitywastewater;lakesandreservoirs;eutrophication;11.1,,,,,,,,(eutrophication).:(oligotrophic)∀(mesotrphic)∀(eutrophic)∀[1].0.5mg/L,0.03mg/L,[1].,,!;,,!.!!,29420048()JournalofKunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology(ScienceandTechnology)Vol.29No4Aug.2004(DO),.1.2,2002#∃GB3838-2002,IIIII(1):1IIIIITab.1PrimaryindexofsurfacewaterIIIIIpHDO/mg%L-1CODMn/mg%L-1CODcr/mg%L-1BOD5/mg%L-1TN/mg%L-1NH3-N/mg%L-1TP/mg%L-1II6~9&6∋4∋15∋3∋0.5∋0.5∋0.025∋0.1III6~9&5∋6∋20∋4∋1.0∋1.0∋0.05∋0.1,IIIII,[1].1.320045,!,:,.:,,;,;,,,;,,,,;,,;,.,.:2070,345%,2090,.2002,86,.,,IV,V,V.102V.,,,,,,65%.27,40.78.8.,2080,,,,,20,,,!,.,,,,;!!.,.2,:(;);∗.60%,40%.,,!,,.,.,,.,,,1694,,:,,.33.1,,,..,,,,[2]:(1);(2);(3)pH;(4);(5);(6);(7);(8);(9).3.2,pH,.,,,C5H7O2N,C10H17O6N,C7H14O3N,,(BOD),,.,,(NH3NH+4)().(BOD),[1](2).2Tab.2SummaryofstudiesonmicrobiologyofwastetreatmentBOD5NPBOD5NPSawyer1004.31Simpson905.31Mckinnev805.01Eekenfelder1005.01,:BOD5NP=10051[2].,,BOD5NP=10051,3.CarrouselOrbalSBRABICEASDAT-IATCASS(CAST,CASP)UNITANKMSBRA/OA2/OA3/OPhostripPhoredoxUCTVIPUASB,BOD,,,.,BOD!,,,.#∃GB8978-96,IVV,!,,.3.3BOD5NP,BOD5NP,:,,,,,,pH,,BOD5NP,,!,,!NP,.,!,!!.170()293Tab.3SummaryofstudiesonthetreatmentofcitywastewaterCODcr/mg%L-1BOD5/mg%L-1SS/mg%L-1TN/mg%L-1NH3-N/mg%L-1TP/mg%L-1BOD5NPCASS58034538832.67.3386.5113.92.20100:9.4:2.1EstevanMSBRSaskatchewan165212395.18.5113.51.9100:23.6:3.110m3/d194.8105.895.543.817.48.326.66.87.711.72.53.1100:41.4:7.8A2/O20025040520301512100:20:2.5.35800m3/d1802002010202062.5100:11.1:5.5435711312529.33.7084271721.92.15100:26.0:3.3LivingMachine(LM)13074694705625.61453.212.53.513.85.56.8100:11.9:2.9400200250304.56020201010100:15:2.25CASS180120130203.530151850.5100:16.7:2.9350160150251.31602020100.5100:15.6:0.8188928729.13.41810715.20.3100:31.6:3.6A2/O154913729.13.11910813.50.5100:32:3.4ICEAS162846626.22.8288812.81.3100:31.2:3.3ICEAS1981067928.13.1236613.40.5100:26.5:2.9A2/O.518.6190.41416.441.576.523.573.573.316.770.28100:21.7:3.4,,,,70m3;2.56m3.12.9m3.9.7m3,4.4m3,5.3m3.,,,IVV!,!,,20%,48%!,V,V.44.1,,#∃(GB8978-1996)#∃.,.,,,.,1714,,:.,,.,[3].#∃.:(1)#∃;(2);(3),:,,.,(),40%,..,!.,,,,,,!.,..,,.,,,.4.2,,,.,BOD5NP.BOD5,,,;;,.,.:,;,.BOD5NP=10051.,,!,.5#∃,.,,:BOD5NP10051,,!,+++,,!!,.,;BOD5NP,,,.:[1].[M].,,2003.101~183.[2],,,.-[M].:,,2002.40~164.[3].[J].,1992,5(3):59~61.172()29