除藻剂应急治理玄武湖蓝藻水华实验研究

:,,1979,,#除藻剂应急治理玄武湖蓝藻水华实验研究李静会1高伟1张衡1陆健健1#刘光钊2(1.,200062;2.,200062),20059,26.87g/m2,82.8%;,;,,Emergencycontrolofbluealgalbloombyalgaecide:experimentalstudyinXuanwuLakeLiJinghui1,GaoWei1,ZhangHeng1,LuJianjian1,LiuGuangzhao2.(1.InstituteofEstuarineandCoastalResearch,EastChinaNor-malUniversity,Shanghai200062;2.ShanghaiSunaWaterCompany,Shanghai200062)Abstract:EutrophicationinChineselakesisoneofthemostseriouswaterpollutionproblemspresentandwillstillbeinthenearfuture.Itisveryimportanttofindawaytocontrolbluealgalbloominlakes.InSeptember2005,thealgalbloomremovalexperimenthadbeencarriedoutbyadoptingchemicalmedicamentof26.87g/m2inXuanwuLake.Thecellnumberofphytoplanktoninexperimentareadecreasedby82.8%.Mainphysicalandchemicalcharac-tersimproved,butdeterioratedwithoutfurthermedicament.Theexperimentalresultindicatedthatsinglemeasureappliedtosinglewaterbodymayeliminatebluealgalinshorttime,butcannotradicallysolveeutrophicationproblem.Keywords:BluealgalbloomAlgaecideEmergencycontrol,66%,22%[1],[2],,:;;[3];[4,5];[6-11],,,,1,,44,33.08km2,5.5km2,3.8km210m,1.43m,2.8m,9.8~10.2m,4.29106m3,,,,,,,,,20059,0.67km2,1.2m60291200711Table1MainphysicalandchemicalcharactersofXuanwuLakebetweenbeforeandafterharnessingSD/cmpHTN/(mgL-1)TP/(mgL-1)NH3-N/(mgL-1)/(mgL-1)DO/(mgL-1)Chla/(mgm-3)2005.9.1722.5510.06.7900.7080.3968.8603.2229.02005.9.2225.405.52.7840.4270.1675.1394.234.42005.10.1439.708.87.0120.6700.17713.1105.349.22(mgL-1)Table2MetalconcentrationsofXuanwuLakebetweenbeforeandafterharnessingAlBaCaFeMgMnNaSiSrZn2005.9.170.200.0336.50.037.700.00214.77.200.180.0022005.10.140.180.0437.3-9.08-15.13.380.19-3(104L-1)Table3QuantitycompositionsofphytoplanktoninXuanwuLakebeforeandafterharnessing(Cyanophyta)(Chlorophyta)(Bacillariophyta)(Cryptophyta)2005.9.1711254.547.886.7011389.02005.9.223857.959.1169.35.24091.52005.10.141676.073.5195.48.71953.622.1除藻剂应急除藻,2005917~21,,18t,26.87g/m22.2水化学与水生生物检测31(SD)pHDOTNNH3-NTP(Chla);[12]1Fig.1Sampingpointsdistributeinexperimentalarea33.1应急治理对水体理化性状的影响1,5,SD2.85cm,TN59.0%,TP39.7%,42.0%,Chla85.0%pH5.5,TNTPNH3-NChla,,,,,,SD39.70cm,pH8.8(2):AsPbCdCuNi;AlFeMnSiZn,Si53.1%,;BaCaMgNaSr3.2应急治理对水生生物群落结构的影响,,,(3),11254.5104/L,98.8%;,,47.4%,612Fig.2CommunitystructureofzooplanktoninXuanwuLakebeforeandafterharnessing,85.8%,,17.2%,,:,(2),3.3除藻剂的除藻机理及其生态学意义,pH45,pH7.5~10.0[13,14],pH,,200g/mL,20h,SD0~40cm50~90cm,Chla205.21mg/m335.70mg/m3,DO,,,5d64.1%,,,,,ChlaTNTPNH3-N,,,,,,,4(1),82.8%,SD2.85cm,TN59.0%,TP39.7%,42.0%,Chla85.0%,,(2),ChlaTNTPNH3-N,,(3),,[1]HUANGYP.Contaminationandcontrolofaquaticenviron-mentinLakeTaihu[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2001.[2]DOKULDM,CHENW,CAIQ.AnthropogenicimpactstolargelakesinChina:theTaihuexample[J].AquatEcosysHealthandManag.,2000,3:81-94.[3]PUPeimin,HUWeiping,YANJingsong,etal.Aphysico-ec-ologicalengineeringexperimentforwatertreatmentinahyper-trophiclakeinChina[J].Ecol.Eng.,1998(10):179-190.[4],,.[J].,2002,22(6):732-737.[5],,.[J].,2001,34(3):72-74.[6],,,.[J].,1997,9(2):168-174.[7],.[J].:,2000,30(3):435-440.[8],,,.[J].,2005,29(4):456-461.[9]HOSPERSH.Stablestates,buffersandswitches:anecosys-temapproachtotherestorationandmanagementofshallowlakesinNetherlands[J].WaterSci.Technol.,1998,37(3):151-164.[10]JANSEJH,DONKEV,ALDENBERGT.Amodelstudyonthestabilityofthemacrophyte-dominatedstateasaffectedbybiologicalfactors[J].WaterRes.,1998,32(9):2696-2706.[11]PERROWMR,MEIJERM,DAWIDOWICZP,etal.Bio-manipulationinshallowlake:stateoftheart[J].Hydrobiolo-gia,1997,342/343:355-365.[12],.[M].:,1990:10-15.[13]KALLAST.RapidtransientgrowthatlowpHinthecya-nobacteriumSynechococcussp.[J].J.Bacteriol.,1982,149(1):237.[14]BROCKTD.LowerpHlimitfortheexistenceofblue-greenalgae:evolutionaryandecologicalimplication[J].Science,1973,179(72):179-480.责任编辑:陈泽军(:2006-09-18)6229120071