低浓度氨氮废水单级自养脱氮EGSB反应器的快速启动顾书军

37820168ENVIＲONMENTALSCIENCEVol．37No．8Aug．2016EGSB11*112211．4000452．401122．30±2℃pH7.8～8.2DO0.2～1.1mg·L－12.0～4.0m·h－160～100mg·L－1．83d、NH+4-N、TN99.4%80.7%．DO、．174μm296μm．、．FISH．．X703.1A0250-3301201608-3120-08DOI10．13227/j．hjkx．2016．08．0382016-01-082016-03-2151278509515785271990～[e-mail]*[e-mail]-upofOne-stageAutotrophicNitrogenＲemovalProcessinEGSBＲeactorforWastewaterwithLowConcentrationofAmmoniaGUShu-jun1FANGFang1*LIKai1LIUYong1GUOJin-song2CHENYou-peng2JIANGFu-yang11．CollegeofUrbanConstruction＆EnvironmentalEngineeringChongqingUniversityChongqing400045China2．ChongqingInstituteofGreenandIntelligentTechnologyChineseAcademyofSciencesChongqing401122ChinaAbstractBiofilmcomingfromareactorinwhichOne-stageAutotrophicNitrogenＲemovalProcessexistswasselectedasinoculuminanexpandedgranularsludgebedreactor．Apotentialfaststart-upprocedurewastestedinthisresearch．Wastewaterwithlowammoniumconcentrationbetween60-100mg·L－1wasapplied．TheresultsshowedthataOne-stageAutotrophicNitrogenＲemovalProcesswassuccessfullyestablishedin83daysunderthefollowingconditionstemperatureat30±2℃pHat7.8-8.2dissolvedoxygenDOat0.2-1.1mg·L－1andupflowvelocityat2.0-4.0m·h－1．Afterthe83-dayoperationtheremovalefficienciesofNH+4-NandTNwere99.4%and80.7%respectively．BycontrollingtherefluxratioandincreasingtheNH+4-NloadthereactorcouldmaintainastablestateoflowDOconcentration．Nitrificationandanaerobicammoniumoxidationbecamemainreactionsthatmaintainedefficientandstablenitrogenremovalperformance．Inadditionnitrite-oxidizingbacteriaNOBwereinhibited．Inthestart-upprocesstheaverageparticlediameterofgranularsludgeincreasedfrom174to296μm．Moreoverscanningelectronmicroscopyshowedthatthesurfaceofgranularsludgewassmoothandmostmicroorganismswerebevibacteriaandcocci．Finallyafluorescenceinsituhybridizationexperimentshowedthatammoniumoxidationbacteriaandanaerobicammoniumoxidationbacteriaweredistributedonthesurfaceandintheinnerspaceofgranularsludgerespectively．Theresearchindicatedthatastableautotrophicnitrogenremovalgranularsludgesystemwasquicklyestablishedinthesludgebed．Keywordsone-stageautotrophicnitrogenremovalprocesslowconcentrationofammoniawastewaterstart-upgranularsludgeexpandedgranularsludgebedreactor1．23．4．ammoniaoxidizingbacteriaAOBanaerobic-ammoniumoxidizingbacteriaAnAOBNH+4-NN25．57.5%、6．78100mg·L－1DOAnAOB8EGSBnitriteoxidationbacteriaNOBAOB910．111213．AOBAnAOB．Wang14431.7±25.5mg·L－1165d630μm．Vzquez-Padín15100～350mg·L－1340d1600μm．．expandedgranularsludgebedEGSB．11.1EGSB1．EGSB．130cm5cm5.0L．100cm2.0L．30±2℃．．．1EGSBFig．1SchematicdiagramoftestequipmentofEGSBreactor1.2．NH4HCO360～100mg·L－1KH2PO4NaHCO3pH7.8～8.2．161mL·L－1．1．1Table1CompositionofthesyntheticwastewaterNH+4-N/mg·L－1NO－x-N/mg·L－1COD/mg·L－1pH58.1～102.0＜3.0＜20.07.8～8.2MLSS4500mg·L－11L．1.3EGSB5.0L·d－1100～200L·d－1HＲT24h30±2℃2.0～4.0m·h－1．83dTN、32．2EGSBTable2Testschemeforstart-upofEGSBreactor/dNH+4-N/mg·L－1NLＲ1/mg·L·d－1DO/mg·L－1/m·h－11～1959.2～61.459.2～61.40.9～1.12.0～3.020～30∶120～5358.1～102.058.1～102.00.4～0.64.040∶154～8399.4～101.799.4～101.70.2～0.44.040∶111.4NH+4-N、NO－2-N、NO－3-NMLSS17TNNH+4-N、NO－2-NNO－3-N．COD-121337DOYSIProfessionalODOTMpHYSIpH100pH．MicrotracS3500．S-3400N．FISH、OCT、46℃2hFV1200CLSM．CY3AMX820FITCNSO12253．3FISHTable3ProbesofFISHFISHAnAOBAMX8205'-AAAACCCCTCTACTTAGTGCCC-3'AOBNSO12255'-CGCCATTGTATTACGTGTGA-3'1.5NH+4-N12．NH3+1.5O→2NO－2+H++H2O1NH3+1.32NO－2+H→+1.02N2+0.26NO－3+H2O2NH+4-NNO－2-NNO－2-NNOBNO－2-NNO－3-N3．NO－2+0.5O→2NO－33ΔN4．ΔN=NH+4-Ninf－NH+4-Neff+NO－2-Neff+NO－3-Neff4NH+4-Ninfmg·L－1NH+4-Neff、NO－2-Neff、NO－3-NeffNH+4-N、NO－2-NNO－3-Nmg·L－1．AnAOBNH+4-NPAnAOBNH+4-NNH+4-N24PAnAOB=ΔN1.02×2NH+4-Ninf×100%=ΔN2.04NH+4-Ninf×100%5AOBNH+4-NNO－2-NPAOBNH+4-NNH+4-N1、24PAOB=1－ΔN1.02×2+NH+4-NeffNH+4-Ninf×100%=1－ΔN2.04+NH+4-NeffNH+4-Ninf×100%6NH+4-NNO－3-NPNOBNO－3-NNH+4-N1～4PNOB=NO－3-Neff－ΔN1.02×2×0.26NH+4-Ninf×100%=NO－3-Neff－ΔN1.02×0.13NH+4-Ninf×100%722.1EGSBNH+4-N、NO－2-N、NO－3-NNH+4-N、TN2PAOB、PAnAOBPNOB3．2EGSBNH+4-N、TNFig．2Variationsofnitrogen-bearingmatterandNH+4-NTNremovalefficienciesduringthestart-upstageinEGSBreactor2.1.11～19d．NH+4-N60.0mg·L－1DO1.0±0.1mg·L－122138EGSB3EGSBPAOB、PAnAOBPNOBFig．3VariationsofPAOBPAnAOBandPNOBduringthestart-upstageinEGSBreactor2.0～3.0m·h－1．1～10dNH+4-N40.0mg·L－10.3mg·L－1NO－2-N6.0mg·L－1NO－3-N16.5mg·L－147.8mg·L－1．NH+4-N、TN34.6%、3.7%99.6%、18.9%．AOBAnAOBPAOBPAnAOB32.8%1.8%87.0%9.3%NH+4-N．PNOB26.5%77.5%NO－2-NNO－3-N．11～19dNH+4-N、NO－2-NNO－3-N0.4、0.444.7mg·L－1NH+4-N、TN99.0%、25.0%．NH+4-NTN．DO1.0±0.1mg·L－1NH+4-N、NO－2-NTN．18DOAOB、NOBAnAOB．EGSBDOPAOBPAnAOB87.2%12.1%AOBNH+4-NNO－2-NAnAOBNH+4-N．NO－2-NDO．PNOB72.5%NO－2-NNO－3-NNO－2-N．EGSBDONH+4-N、NO－2-NAnAOB．TNDO．2.1.220～53d．EGSB20d40∶1DO0.5±0.1mg·L－1．NH+4-N3.5mg·L－1NO－2-N0.5mg·L－1NO－3-N45.2mg·L－127.6mg·L－1．NH+4-N90.0%TN13.6%49.5%．DOAnAOBAOBNOBNH+4-N、NO－2-NAnAOBNH+4-N、NO－2-NTN．20～43dPAOB、PNOB85.6%、76.0%73.3%、41.2%PAOBPAnAOB12.883.022ΔNO－2-N/ΔNH+4-N=1.32DOAOBAnAOBTN49.5%DONOBTN．EGSB44dNH+4-N60mg·L－1100mg·L－160mg·L·d－1100mg·L·d－1DO0.3±0.1mg·L－1．NH+4-N、NO－2-NNO－3-N．NH+4-N、TN53d99.9%、82.8%．DODONOBPNOB15.8%5.9%P