低温条件下猪粪堆肥过程营养元素动态变化

、、、、。。A、B、C55℃13、11、12d。30~20d。、、、、、。S141.4S816.6A2007-12-15GB05C201-072005AA4CS114197９-。*E-mail:[e-mail]、、。、。、。。1.1、、。1.2、。℃。、、。。、、。1.3[5]--·-Zn-F-··。℃。2.1。。*1.1500３02.150040３91139(11):32~35２００811JournalofNortheastAgriculturalUniversityNov.2008１００５－９３６９２００811－0032－04、、、、℃℃。、、℃。℃。、、℃、、。、、。2.2。、、。。。。。。2.3、、、“”。。。。。2.4、、、、。“”。◆▲■×*××××××××××××××××××××********************◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲▲0510152025303540455080706050403020100dCompostingtime℃TemperatureBA◆C▲■CK*Environmenttemperature1Fig.1Temperaturechangesincompostingprocess×2(a)(b)Fig.2TotalN(a)andavailableN(b)changesincompostingprocess◆▲■×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045502.82.62.42.22.01.81.61.4dCompostingtime％TotalN▲◆BA◆C▲■CK×（a）◆▲■×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045500.200.160.120.080.040％AvailableN▲◆×◆◆■▲◆◆▲■××■▲（b）◆dCompostingtime11·33·。。。℃、、、、℃℃、、。。、、、、。、、、。。5Fig.5Totalsaltcontentchangesincompostingprocess3(a)(b)Fig.3TotalP(a)andavailableP(b)changesincompostingprocess（b）BA◆C▲■CK×（a）▲■××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045501.00.80.60.40.2％AvailableP▲◆×◆▲◆×■◆▲■×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045502.22.01.81.61.41.21.0％TotalP▲◆◆dCompostingtimedCompostingtime4(a)(b)Fig.4TotalK(a)andavailableK(b)changesincompostingprocessBA◆C▲■CK×（a）（b）◆▲■×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045502.62.42.22.01.81.61.41.21.0％TotalK▲◆▲×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲051015202530354045502.22.01.81.61.41.21.0％AvailableK▲◆◆■▲◆▲■◆dCompostingtimedCompostingtimeBA◆C▲■CK×◆▲■×××××××××◆◆◆◆◆◆■■■■■■■■▲▲▲▲▲▲▲0510152025303540455045403530252015％Totalsalt▲◆◆dCompostingtime·34·３9[1],.[J].,2002(6):48-49．[2],.[M].:,2005:4-5．[3],.[J].,2006,22(8):170-173．[4],.[J].,2003(1):21-23．[5].[M].3.:,1999．[6],.[M].:,2000:25-49.[7]AgnewJM,LeonardJJ.Thephysicalpropertiesofcompost[J].CompostScience&Utilization,2003,11(3):238．[8]HaugRT.Thepracticalhandbookofcompostengineering[M].LewisPublishers,BocaRaton:CRCPress,1993.[9]ZucconiF,ForteM,MonacoA,etal.Biologicalevaluationofcom-postingmaturity[J].Biocycle,1981,22:27-29．NutrientdynamicsduringpigfecescompostingunderlowtemperatureLIUDongyin1，XUJinggang1，YUANLei2，LIShuqin1（1.ResourcesandEnvironmentalSciencesCollege,NortheastAgriculturalUniversity,Harbin150030,China;2.InstituteofNaturalResource,HeilongjiangAcademyofSciences,Harbin150040,China)Abstract:Nutrientdynamicsespeciallyunderlowtemperatureareimportanttothecompostingprocessaswellasfinalcompostingproducts.Inthisexperiment,thedynamicsofnitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)andpotassium(K)werestudiedduringthecompostingprocessusingpigfecesascompostingsubstratematerials,cornstrawascompostingconditioner,self-manufacturedmicrobialcombinationsasinoculantscomparedwithCKwhichwasnomicrobialinoculantsadded.Resultsshowedthatthemicrobialinoculantscouldpromotethecompostingprocesssignificantly.Thelengthsofthecompostingwithtemperaturemaintainedabove55℃underthethreetreatmentsA,B,Cwere13,11and12days,respectively,meetingthenationalsanitarystandard.AvailableNunderthethreetreatmentswithmicrobialinoculantsaddedincreasedfirstandthendecreasedwhereastotalNdecreasedfirstandincreasedlater.TotalP,availableP,totalK,availableKallincreasedrespectivelyduringthecompost-ingprocess.Thetemperature,microbialactivityandnutrientdynamicsofCKwerenotchangedsignificantlyduetothelowtemperaturelimitation.Keywords:pigfeces;organiccomposting;microbialinoculants;nutrientelement;lowtemperature11·35·