电镀废水的纳滤膜处理工艺及案例白心平

30　5　　　　　Vol.30　No.5201010MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOct.2010电镀废水的纳滤膜处理工艺及案例白心平1,郝文超2,许振良3(1.,200237;2.(),100176;3.,200237)　:介绍交互平衡式膜分离-化学沉淀工艺(IBMS-CP)以及采用IBMS-CP与其它工艺过程相结合,实现了电镀废水的高回收率和回用.IBMS-CP工艺是将纳滤系统嵌入化学沉淀过程中,并使化学沉淀和膜过程交互循环并达到动态平衡的工艺过程.实际工程运行结果表明:在电镀废水的总体重金属(主要为Cr、Cu和Ni)质量分数为140×10-6,电导率为5300μS/cm时,整体系统的水回收率达93%～96%,回用水水质可以稳定达到:重金属未检出,电导率小于120μS/cm.IBMS-CP工艺具有广泛的水质适应性和运行稳定性.该工艺不仅可以应用于电镀废水,还可以应用于含有可沉淀的阳离子、金属和重金属离子,以及含氟废水的处理和回用过程.:交互平衡式膜分离-化学沉淀工艺;电镀废水;重金属废水;废水回用:TQ028.8　　:A　　:1007-8924(2010)05-0067-04　　、、,,,.,:、、、、.、,,[1,2].,、、、、,().,,、,.1　交互平衡式膜分离-化学沉淀工艺1.1　,.、、、、,;.,,,pH,[3].,:,,pH.CuNi,CuNi“pH”6.89.5,,CuNi“”pH,.,.,,,.,.,NFRO,.,,,:2009-08-15;:2010-01-06:(1964-),,,,、,E-mail:[e-mail]:10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2010.05.009　·68　　　·　　　　　30　,.1.2--(IBMS-CP),(1).1,IBMS-CP,,,.,,,...:,,IBMS-CP.1　-Fig.1　SchematicdiagramofIBMS-CPprocess,,IBMS-CP,IBMS-CP,“”IBMS-CP.,“”,IBMS-CP,.,,、,IBMS-CP、.2　IBMS-CP的工程应用,、,.,,,、、,,;、,(),.,,“”.,,“”,.2.1　、、1.,,:pH6～7;300μS/cm;0.1×10-6;SS10×10-6.表1　电镀废水的水质和水量Table1　Waterqualityandquantityofelectroplatingwastewater()/(t·d-1)Cr6+:26×10-6,pH325CN-:50×10-6,Cu2+:50×10-6,Ni2+:50×10-6,pH=8～10160Cu2+:50×10-6,Ni2+:50×10-6,pH380Cu2+:200×10-6,Ni2+:50×10-6,pH390HCl,pH=135　3902.2　、,、、,.:、IBMS-CP、RO.:,,pH.2,,IBMS-CP.RO.RO,RO.IBMS-CPDL-8040C,,、.RO(ROI)BW30-400.99.5%.RO(ROII)SW30HRLE-400.IBMS-CP、RO“”.,、、.、　5:·69　　　·　2　、Fig.2　Schematicdiagramoftreatmentandreuseofelectroplatingwastewater.,,.2.3　IBMS-CP17.,、,,:、.,,IBMS-CP.320097,.,.(),.6100μS/cm,2020μS/cm,()9.25.9kg/cm2.,,4000μS/cm,5300μS/cm,.,.、、(、pH).,.4,,3　Fig.3　EffectofInfluentwaterconductivityoninfulentpressure.,,,.,2.,,,RO.4　、Fig.4　Influentwater,effluentconductivityandsaltrejectioninnanofiltrationsystem表2　IBMS-CP对电镀废水的重金属去除效果Table2　RejectionefficiencyofheavymetalsinelectroplatingwastewaterCuNiCr08-02-1876.343.75.11.171.67N/A08-03-0154.645.15.50.891.62N/A08-11-3061.139.44.31.040.84N/A　　5.5,,,3.,　·70　　　·　　　　　30　,:6h.5　Fig.5　Changeofpressuredifferenceduringtheoperationofnanofiltrationsystem　　ROⅠROⅡ72%～80%75%～82%,93%～96%..,RO3,.RO,.3　结论IBMS-CP,,.1)IBMS-CP/.IBMS-CP,,,.2)IBMS-CPRO,RO,.3),,,.[1]CastelblanqeJ,SalimbenyF.NFandROmembranesfortherecoveryandreuseofwaterandconcentratedmetallicsaltsfromwastewaterproducedintheelectro-platingprocess[J].Desalination,2004,167:65-73.[2]FrenzelI,StamatialisDF,WesslingM.Waterrecyclingfrommixedchromicacidwasteeffluentsbymembranetechnology[J].SepPurifTechnol,2006,49:76-83.[3],,.[J].(),2005,24(3):107-111.Treatmentandreuseofelectroplatingwastewaterbyinteractbalancemembraneseparation-chemicalprecipitation(IBMS-CP)processBAIXinping1,HAOWenchao2,XUZhenliang3(1.ShanghaiClarFluideEngineeringTechnologyCo.,Shanghai200237,China;2.PallFilter(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing100176,China;3.MembraneScienceandEngineeringR&DLab,ChemicalEngineeringResearchCenter,ECUST,Shanghai200237,China)Abstract:Interactbalancemembraneseparation-chemicalprecipitation(IBMS-CP)processanditsindustryapplicationofelectroplatingwastewatertreatmentandrecyclingareintroduced.IBMS-CPprocessisanano-filtration(NF)systemwhichisembeddedintoachemicalprecipitationtoacceleratingandenhancingtheprecipitationprocess,meanwhiletheNFsystemreachesbalanceautomatically.ThepermeatingflowfromNFsystemcouldbefurthertreatedbyROand/orotherproperprocessestoreachextremelyhighrecoveryrateandqualityofwaterreusedemandedinindustryprocess.Theoperationdatashowthattherecoveryratereaches93%～96%,nonetotalheavymetal(mainlyCr,Cu,andNi)detectedandconductivitylessthan120μS/cmoftreatedrecyclingwater,respectively,whilethefeedstreamhasaconductivityof5300μS/cmandcontainstotalheavymetals(mainlyCr,Cu,andNi)ashighas140×10-6(massfraction).IBMS-CPprocesspresentshighadaptabilityandoperationstabilitytofeedvariety.Thisnewdevelopedprocessissuitabletotreatandrecyclenotonlytheelectroplatingwastewater,butprecipitablecations,metalions,heavymetals,andfluoridewastewateraswell.Keywords:Interactbalancemembraneseparation-chemicalprecipitation;electroplatingwastewater;heavy-metalwastewater;wastewaterrecycle