废水生物脱氮技术研究进展周永莉

12320146ExperimentScienceandTechnologyVol.12No.3Jun.2014周永莉，左椒兰，李奕君，徐明俊，何余懿，杨仙仕，李娟4300742013－04－172014－02－10教育部重点项目(108161);华中科技大学大学生创新创业训练项目;华中科技大学自主创新研究基金(2012QN122);华中科技大学2012年实验技术研究项目。周永莉(1964－)，女，硕士，讲师，主要从事环境监测实验教学和研究工作。介绍了几种新型脱氮工艺，主要包括短程硝化反硝化、氧限制自养硝化反硝化(OLAND)、全程自养脱氮(CANON)、厌氧氨氧化、同步反硝化脱磷除硫等工艺。它们以亚硝化反应和厌氧氨氧化反应为主，使脱氮具有更加低能耗、高效率的特点。微生物种类的扩展，厌氧氨氧化和反硝化反应的竞争，羟氨转化为联氨是厌氧氨氧化菌活性出现的标志等是最新的研究内容，但新型脱氮工艺的影响因素与控制方略，特别是相关物质转换，微生物学机理有待进一步研究。生物脱氮;短程;厌氧氨;机理X52X703Adoi10．3969/j．issn．1672－4550．2014．03．004ＲesearchAdvancesofNitrogenＲemovalbyBiotechnologyinWastewaterTreatmentZHOUYongliZUOJiaolanLIYijunXUMingjunHEYuyiYANGXianshiLIJuanSchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430074ChinaAbstractThispaperintroducesseveralnovelbiologicalnitrogenremovalprocessesincludingshort－cutnitrificationanddenitrifica-tionoxygenlimitedautotrophicnitrificationanddenitrificationOLANDCompletelyAutotrophicNitrogenＲemovalOverNitriteCANONANAMMOXsimultaneousdenitrifyingdephosphorizationanddesulphurationetcwhichmakesthenitrogenremovalprocessesbecomelowerenergyconsumptionandhigherefficiency.Aerobicammoniumoxidizingandanaerobicammoniumoxidizingarethemajorreactions.Thedevelopmentofthemicrobialspeciesandthecompetitionbetweenanaerobicammoniumoxidizingbacteriaanddenitrificationbacteriahydroxylamineconversionintohydrazineisasignofactivityappearingforanaerobicammoniaoxidationbacteriaarethenewesttopicsbuttheinfluencefactorsthestrategiesandtipsofcontrolthechemicalconversionmicrobiologicalassayoftheseprocessesshouldbestudiedinthefuture.Keywordsbiologicalnitrogenremovalshort－cutnitrificationanddenitrificationanaerobicammoniaoxidationmechanism。。、、NitrobacterNitro-spira。。39±91。。11.1－－short－cutnitrificationanddenitrificationammoniumoxidizingbacteriaAOBnitriteoxidizingbacteriaNOB。－NOB。SHAＲONsinglereactorhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite－35℃123AOBNOB1dAOB。0.5gN/L2。、pHZengWei380。5.28×109/g·mLvss3.95×1010/g·mLvss。－pH。、、pH、、4。－－“”。1.2OLANDoxygenlimitedauto-trophicnitrificationdenitrificationOLAND。OLANDNitrosomonas。OLAND100。pH。0.1～0.3mg/LpHOLAND。1.3CANONcompletelyautotrophicnitro-genremovalovernitriteCANON。CANON。CANONNitrosomonas－likePlancto-mycete－like0.1kg/m3·d。———NitrobacterNitrospira。。CANON63～75。CANON。1.4KaizuichiIsaka537℃20℃～22℃。37℃180min32d3.3kg/m3·d280mg/L280mg/L11.5kg/m3·d。450d8.1kg/m3·d40min。37℃30mg－SS/150mg/L20g/L。11.5kg/m3·d。———70kJ/mol·11·20146。76.7kg/m3·d。。ParedesD610、。、SHAＲON－ANAMMOXCANON。2、、simultaneousnitrificaionanddenitrification。Peng7pH。、、。。Tzu－YiPai8XPAONO－2、NO－3。SergeyKalyuzhnyi9DEAMOX、1000mgN·d/L90/＞1.20/＞0.57DEAMOX。10BOD5∶TN1.43、。31。2、、、、。3、、、C/N、DO。1SergeyKalyuzhnyiaMarinaGladchenkoaArnoldMulderb.DEAMOX—newbiologicalnitrogenremovalprocessbasedonanaerobicammoniaoxidationcoupledtosulphide－driv-enconversionofnitrateintonitriteJ.WaterＲesearch200640193637－3645．2ThanKhinAjitPAnnachhatre.NovelmicrobialnitrogenremovalprocessesJ.BiotechnologyAdvances2004227519－532．3ZengWeiLiLeiYangYingyingetal.Nitritationanddenitritationofdomesticwastewaterusingacontinuousan-aerobic－anoxic－aerobicA2Oprocessatambienttem-peraturesJ.BioresourceTechnology2010101218074－8082．4KimDJChangJSLeeDIetal.Nitrificationofhighstrengthammoniawastewaterandnitriteaccumulationchar-acteristicsJ.Wat.Sci.Tech.2003471145－51．5KazuichiIsakaTatsuoSuminoSatoshiTsuneda.Highni-trogenremovalperformanceatmoderatelylowtemperatureutilizinganaerobicammoniumoxidationreactionsJ.JournalOfBioscienceAndBioengineering20071035486－490．6ParedesDKuschkPOserHK.Influenceofplantsandorganicmatteronthenitrogenremovalinlaboratory－scalemodelsubstrateflowconstructedwetlandsinoculatedwithanaerobicammoniumoxidingbacteriaJ.EngLifeSci200776565－576．34·21·20146、、。2.5。SＲT6－9。。3、、、2。24SＲTSＲT、、。。1.J.200926114－16.2.J.20052212101－102.3.J.201231885－87.4.J.2010271120－121.5.J.201231986－886.J.201128630－32.7.LukeWelling/LauraThomson.PHPandMySQLWebdevelopmentM.2009.8.J.2011283162－164.9.PHPMySQLM.櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴櫴2011.127PengYZLiYZPengCYetal.Nitrogenremovalfrompharmaceuticalmanufacturingwastewaterwithhighconcentrationofammoniaandfreeammoniaviapartialni-trificationanddenitrificationJ.Wat.Sci.Tech.200450631－36．8Tzu－YiPai.ModelingnitriteandnitratevariationsinA2OprocessunderdifferentreturnoxicmixedliquidusinganextendedmodelJ.ProcessBiochemistry2007426978－987．9SergeyKalyuzhnyiMarinaGladchenko.DEAMOX－newmicrobiologicalprocessofnitrogenremovalfromstrongni-trogenouswastewaterJ.Desalination20092481－3783－793．10.SBＲJ.2010312357－362．·43·