废液处理新工艺超临界水氧化SCWO评述

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:2008204230:(1981-),,,2006,(SCWO),(,621900):,20,,,,,,,,,,:;;;:X703:A:100123644(2009)0120057207AssessmentofSupercriticalWaterOxidation(SCWO)inWasteWaterTreatmentXIEYun,SHIZheng2kun(InstituteofNuclearPhysics&Chemistry,ChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhysics,Mianyang,Sichuan621900,China)Abstract:Theprocessofsupercriticalwateroxidation(SCWO)isapromisingalternativetotheincinerationoforganicwasteliquors,whichhasdrawnmoreattentionduringthelasttwodecades1However,asanend2of2pipetechnology,SCWOstillhassomedisadvantagesthathindereditsindustrialapplication1Actually,besidethetechnicalproblemsresultedfromreactorcorrosionandsaltingout,SCWOisoftenconsideredasageneraltechnologyforallkindsofwasteliquor,whiletheonethatisimpossibletorealize1Inthispaper,theexistingproblemsofSCWOasanend2of2pipetechnologyareintroduced;possiblesolutionsarediscussed;conceptsofdifferentreactorsareintroduced;andasuggestionforfutureresearchanddevelopmentofnovelprocessintheSCWOfieldisproposed1Additionally,possibleproblemofenergysupplyfortheSCWOprocessisdiscussed1Keywords:Supercriticalwateroxidation;corrosion;reactor;saltclogging120,(Tc=374;Pc=2211MPa),(WAO),374,20Mpa[13],,,,,(1)[46],[79],(O2)CO2H2OClSPHClH2SO4H3PO4,N2,N2O,500700,2450MPa,,2©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1013]Che2matur(AquaCritox),1997625,250kg/h[13],,,[13]2:(1);(2),;(3),,211,([14]),,[1519],,,[17,18],,,400[20,21],,,,,pH,,,,,[2224][18],H+OH+,,()[25],,,8528©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[26],NaOH(),(),,,,;,,,Tab1Thecorrosionresistanceofnickelalloyandtitaniumtodifferentagentatsub2criticalorsupercriticaltemperatureTTc;TTc;[2429,31]H3PO4,HFHCl,HBr,H2SO4,HNO3[H3PO4]011mg,NaOHa[20,21]F-HClH2SO4,H3PO4212,,100g/L;,(1100ppm)[27,28],,21211,,,,,()21212[29],,,21213,,,ETHZrich(LaRocheetal,1997[30])[4648],,,,,,,,213,,1t10%300,200%,5%[31],()951:(SCWO)©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,),300,:(1);(2);(3)33112080,,,:3123NaOH[32]Fig13ModifiedSCWOprocesswithquenchingthesupercriticalreactionmixtureusingalkailinsub2criticalsolutionsourcingfromcolderNaOHsolvent[32],CHON,[30],,3pH,pH,,[H+]=[OH-]4Fig14Thecoolingapproachofmodifiedsupercriticalreactionmixture,,,500700,200kg/m3,NaOHKOH,:(),,,,,[33,34]4,,A()P-T0628©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,,(4A),(4B),60025MPa1MPa510,,(),,[35,36],313,,(),44114111120,,,,,,2O2O22H3PO4,41112,,,41113,,99199%991999%(),;,,,,,412,,,,,,,413,,,,,,,,,,,,,,161:(SCWO)©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:[1]DietrichMJ,RandallTL,CanneyPJ.Wetairoxidationofhaz2ardousorganicsinwastewater[J].Environ.Prog,1985(4):1712173.[2]MishraV,MahajaniVV,JoshiJB.Wetairoxidation,Ind.Eng[J].Chem.Res,1995,34(2):50.[3]KolaczkowskiST,PlucinskiP,BeltranFJ,etal.Wetairoxida2tion:areviewofprocesstechnologiesandaspectsinreactorde2sign[J].Chem.Eng,1999,73:1432145.[4]ASMESteamTables,6thEdition.TheAmericanSocietyofMe2chanicalEngineers[M].NewYork,1992.[5]FranckEU.Physicochemicalpropertiesofsupercriticalsolvents,Ber.Bunsenges[J].Phys.Chem,1984,88:8202821.[6]FranckEU.Fluidsathightemperaturesandpressures[J].Chem.Thermodynamics,1987,19:2252226.[7]ConnollyJF.Solubilityofhydrocarbonsinwaternearthecriticaltemperature[J].Chem.Eng.Data,1966,11:13214.[8]BrÊllosK,PeterK,SchneiderGM.Fluidemischsystemeunterho2hemdruck.PhasengleichgewichteundkritischeErscheinungenindenbin¾renSystemenCyclohexan2H2O,n2Heptan,Biphenyl2H2OundBenzol2H2Obis420und3000bar,Ber.Bunsenges[J].Phys.Chem,1970,74:682.[9]JapasML,FranckEU.HighpressurephaseequlibriaandPVT2dataofthewater2oxygensystemincludingwater2airto673Kand250MPa,Ber.Bunsenges[J].Phys.Chem,1985,89:126821269.[10]AnitescuG,TavlaridesLL.Oxidationofaroclor1248insuper2criticalwater:aglobalkineticstudy,Ind[J].Eng.Chem.Res,2000,39:583.[11]AlonsoE,CoceroMJ,TorioR,etal.Supercriticalwateroxidationofadyestuffwastewaterinpilotplant[A].ProceedingsoftheSixthMeetingonSupercriticalFluids[C].UK:Nottingham,1999.443.[12]Joussot2DubienC,LimousinG,SarradeS.Hydrothermaloxidationofsimulatedorganicwastescontaininguranium,in[A].Proceed2ingsoftheSixthMeetingonSupercriticalFluids[C].UK:Not2tingham,1999.4672470.[13]GidnerA,StenmarkL,AbrahamssonJ,etal.Thechematurengi2neeringSCWOpilotplant[A].Treatabilitystudies:ProceedingsoftheSixthMeetingonSupercriticalFluids[C].UK:Notting2ham,1999.427.[14]ShawRW,DahmenN.Destructionoftoxicorganicmaterialsu2singsupercriticalwateroxidation:currentstateofthetechnology[A].SupercriticalFluidsFundamentalsandApplications,NATOScienceSeriesE,Vol.366[C].Dordrecht:KluwerAca2demicPublishers,2000.4252438.[15]CopsonHR,EconomyG.EffectofsomeenvironmentalconditionsonstresscorrosionbehaviorofNi2Cr2Fealloysinpressurizedwa2ter[J].Corrosion,1968,24:55.[16]Lata